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第一篇：中山陵俄語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客：我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)到了中山陵。它于1920_年1月15日破土動(dòng)工，歷時(shí)三年多，耗資220余萬(wàn)銀元，于1920_年春竣工。孫先生的遺體是1920_年6月1日從北京運(yùn)抵這里的。整個(gè)陵區(qū)的面積達(dá)83600多平方米，主要建筑由牌坊、墓道、陵門(mén)、碑亭、祭臺(tái)和墓室等組成。根據(jù)呂彥直的設(shè)計(jì)，整個(gè)陵區(qū)平面呈警鐘形，給人以警鐘長(zhǎng)鳴、發(fā)人深醒的啟迪。孫中山先生在臨終遺囑中說(shuō)，他致力于國(guó)民革命四十年，深知欲達(dá)到此目的，必須喚起民眾。呂彥直的警鐘形設(shè)計(jì)，寓意深刻，最貼切地表達(dá)了“喚起民眾”之意。

中山陵作為一座陵墓，呂彥直在設(shè)計(jì)上繼承了我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的陵墓建筑風(fēng)格，如依山為陵，保留牌坊、墓道、陵門(mén)、碑亭、祭堂等中國(guó)古代陵墓中常用的基本建筑格局，但又剔除了古代帝王陵墓中屬于封建糟粕一類(lèi)的東西，如摒棄用于顯示古代帝王威嚴(yán)的石人石獸，同時(shí)吸取西方建筑的一些先進(jìn)技藝。整個(gè)構(gòu)思的確稱得上是古為今用，洋為中用，別具匠心，巧奪天工。

各位朋友，孫中山先生一生為革命奮斗，推翻了兩千多年的封建帝制，晚年又采取聯(lián)俄聯(lián)共扶助農(nóng)工三大政策，建立了偉大的功勛，也贏得了中外進(jìn)步人士的廣泛擁戴和頌揚(yáng)。解放后，中山陵受到國(guó)家高度重視，1961年被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為國(guó)家級(jí)文物保護(hù)單位。

如今，作為“中國(guó)旅游勝地四十佳”之一的中山陵，每年接待著來(lái)自世界各地的無(wú)數(shù)炎黃子孫與國(guó)際友人。人們懷著對(duì)中山先生偉大精神的崇敬與景仰來(lái)到這里憑吊拜謁。在兩岸統(tǒng)一成為大勢(shì)所趨、人心所向的今天，面對(duì)目前海峽兩岸的現(xiàn)狀，海內(nèi)外炎黃子孫都衷心期盼著祖國(guó)統(tǒng)一、繁榮昌盛的那一天早日到來(lái)。彼時(shí)彼刻，倘若孫中山先生泉下有知，必會(huì)含笑長(zhǎng)眠的。謝謝大家!

第二篇：中山陵俄語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

各位朋友，來(lái)到一座歷史文化名城，你們一定想去看看當(dāng)?shù)刈钣忻麣?、最具特色的景點(diǎn)吧。到了南京，如果沒(méi)去中山陵，可以說(shuō)你只看到了半個(gè)南京城。盡管南京素有"六朝古都"之稱，擁有"金陵四十景"等眾多名勝古跡，但中山陵無(wú)疑是其中最具吸引力、最有知名度的一個(gè)。

說(shuō)起中山陵，當(dāng)然要提到它的主人--偉大的中國(guó)民主革命先行者孫中山先生。孫先生本名孫文，字逸仙。外國(guó)友人都稱呼他為"孫逸仙博士"。因?yàn)樗谌毡緩氖赂锩顒?dòng)時(shí)曾用過(guò)"中山樵"的化名，所以他在國(guó)內(nèi)被尊稱為孫中山先生。孫中山1866年11月12日出生于廣東香山縣(今中山市)翠亨村的一個(gè)農(nóng)民家庭。他少有大志，先后求學(xué)于檀香山、香港等地，畢業(yè)后在廣州、澳門(mén)等地行醫(yī)。后來(lái)他棄醫(yī)從政，并于1920xx年在日本組織中國(guó)同盟會(huì)，被推舉為總理，提出了"驅(qū)除按虜，恢復(fù)中華，建立民國(guó)，平均地權(quán)"的著名綱領(lǐng)，及"民族、民權(quán)、民生"的三民主義學(xué)說(shuō)。1920xx年10月10日武昌起義爆發(fā)后，孫先生被十七省代表推舉為中華民國(guó)臨時(shí)大總統(tǒng)，并于次年元旦在南京宣誓就職。此后，經(jīng)歷了"袁世凱竊國(guó)""二次革命""護(hù)國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)""護(hù)法運(yùn)動(dòng)"等風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，1920xx年他在廣州就任中華民國(guó)非常大總統(tǒng)。在1920xx年1月廣州召開(kāi)的中國(guó)國(guó)民黨第一次全國(guó)代表大會(huì)上，他將舊三民主義發(fā)展為新三民主義，提出了"聯(lián)俄聯(lián)共扶助農(nóng)工"的三大政策。同年11月他應(yīng)馮玉祥之邀抱病北上討論國(guó)家大計(jì)，終因積勞成疾，于1920xx年3月12日在北京逝世。

中山陵的墓址是孫先生生前選定的。這里視野開(kāi)闊，氣象雄偉，的確是建造陵墓的好地方。你們也許會(huì)問(wèn);孫先生出生于廣東，逝世在北京，畢生為革命奔波于各地，為什么要選擇南京作為自己的長(zhǎng)眠之地呢?

第三篇：中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

In the early morning of April 24, the second and third field armies of theChinese people's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and entered Nanjing.At that time, the Kuomintang troops in Nanjing had retreated. After the PLA'sleading troops entered the city, they pursued forward. They found that there wasanother Kuomintang army in the cemetery, but this army was not a regular army ofthe Kuomintang, but a guard guard guarding Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. Afterlearning of this situation, the superior leaders of the people's Liberation Armythought that the Gongwei troops guarding Zhongshan Mausoleum should be differentfrom the Kuomintang troops participating in the civil war. Then, the 105thdivision of the second field army sent a regiment political commissar LiuZhicheng to lead a group of soldiers into the cemetery. After arriving at thecemetery, they negotiated with fan Liang and other persons in charge of theGongwei office. Both sides unanimously decided that the people's Liberation Armywould be stationed in Zhongshan Mausoleum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, LingguTemple and Zijinshan astronomical observatory. Gongwei brigade accepted theadaptation of the PLA and continued to serve as the guard of ZhongshanMausoleum. Since then, the history of Zhongshan Mausoleum has opened a newpage.

On the morning of the same day, Liu Zhicheng, political commissar of theregiment, called on the cadres of Gongwei office to make a speech, explainingthat the Communist Party has always respected Dr. Sun Yat Sen, that the PLA willstrictly protect Dr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum, and that the officers and soldiersof Gongwei Office will work peacefully as usual to maintain the normal order ofDr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. Then, Liu Zhicheng and other people's LiberationArmy leaders, led by fan Liang, boarded Zhongshan Mausoleum and inspected thememorial hall, stele Pavilion and mausoleum gate of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Theyfound that there was no damage. At that time, the food supply of Gongwei brigadecould not be maintained, and there was still a lack of food. When Liu Zhichengheard about this situation, he immediately contacted his superiors to help themsolve their temporary difficulties.

On the 25th, all the left behind people were called to speak. On April 27,a meeting of all the cadres above the monitor of Gongwei department was held toexplain how to carry out the work under the new situation, and ordered that allthe weapons should be recorded and sent to Liu Zhengwei to the higherauthorities from now on, and all the weapons not used by each team should bedeposited with the Department. At the same time, Chen Yi, commander of the thirdfield army, wrote a warrant for "protecting Zhongshan Mausoleum" in his ownhandwriting, and sent people to Zhongshan Mausoleum. Chen Yi's warrant wasframed and placed in the mausoleum hall.

In the early days of liberation, some people who did not know the truthlistened to the rumors and thought that they could occupy the state property atwill after liberation. Some people gathered in public to illegally cut down theforest, especially in the back of the mountain. Not only did some people notlisten to persuasion and education, but they dared to surround and beat themembers of the Gongwei guard. Zhang Wensheng, the monitor, and Zhai Wenwei, themember of the Gongwei guard, were all injured. Illegal logging was particularlyrampant at night, and Dai Yuanzhen, a member of the team, was injured by a handgrenade when he was on patrol. In order to strengthen the protection ofZhongshan cemetery, the CMC decided to send the PLA to cooperate with the archguard team to strengthen the patrol. Since August 1, Yao erjue and Li Wuben ledthe public security forces to guard the forest together with the members of theformer arch guard. They also arrested 11 criminals, including Feng Qibao, wholed the illegal forest felling, and escorted them to the people's Government often districts to deal with them. As a result, the bad elements who illegallyfelled the forest in the cemetery were attacked. After September, the wind ofillegal forest felling gradually subsided.

November 12, 1949 is the first anniversary of Sun Yat Sen's birthday afterthe founding of new China. On this day, Nanjing Municipal military controlcommission and Nanjing Municipal People's government held a grand memorialceremony at Zhongshan Mausoleum. More than 500 people from all walks of life andrepresentatives from the municipal military control commission, the municipalgovernment, the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of Chinaattended the ceremony. Su Yu, director of the CMC, Ke Qingshi, vice mayor, TangLiang, deputy secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, Li Fangxun, WuYifang, Xu Yangqiu, Chen Zhongfan, representatives of various democratic partiesand cultural circles, as well as representatives of the people's LiberationArmy, workers and students, arrived at the Lingtang at 1:30 and stood in frontof the statue of Sun Yat Sen. The memorial ceremony began with the NationalAnthem of new China. Director Su Yu made a short speech after he presentedflowers to the statue of Sun Yat Sen. Later, the people who paid homage to SunYat Sen's tomb entered the tomb and went around Sun Yat Sen's tomb. The homageceremony ended at 12 o'clock.

Since then, people from all walks of life in Jiangsu Province and Nanjinghave come to Zhongshan Mausoleum to hold a memorial ceremony on the 12th ofMarch and the 12th of November.

第四篇：中山陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

From south to north, Zhongshan Mausoleum gradually rises along the centralaxis, followed by square, stone square, tomb path, tomb gate, stele Pavilion,memorial hall and tomb chamber.

Looking down from the air, Zhongshan Mausoleum looks like a "freedom bell"lying on the green carpet. The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen at the foot ofthe mountain is the spire of the bell, the half moon shaped square is the arc ofthe bell, and the dome of the tomb at the top of the mausoleum is like a smoothpendulum.

Behind the stone square of Beiting is a 375 meter long and 40 meter widetomb passage. In front of the gate, there are four characters on the forehead ofthe gate, which are written in the handwriting of Sun Yat Sen: "the world is forthe public". Further into the pavilion, a 6-meter-high stone tablet is engravedwith the gilded character "on June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China,the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here". Passing the pavilion is the steepstone steps, which are divided into eight sections and 392 levels.

There are two Huabiao on the highest platform of the mausoleum, followed bythe sacrificial hall. In the center of the memorial hall is the white marblestatue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. on the four walls of the memorial hall are engravedwith the outline of the founding of the people's Republic written by Dr. Sun YatSen himself and the will written by Hu Hanmin and others.

There is a bronze door behind the memorial hall of the tomb, with the fourcharacters of "great spirit forever" written on the banner. Inside the door isthe bell shaped tomb, in the center of which is a round marble cave with adiameter of 4 meters and a depth of 5 meters. Sun Yat Sen's white jade coffinand lying statue were placed in the round cave.

There are also some memorial buildings around Zhongshan Mausoleum, whichwere invested and built by people from all walks of life and overseas Chinese atthat time, and can be used for sightseeing.

第五篇：中山陵俄語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

尊敬的各位游客，大家好!我是“新世紀(jì)”旅行社的導(dǎo)游王子陽(yáng)，歡迎大家跟隨我來(lái)參觀中山陵。

中山陵位于浩蕩的大江之濱，坐落在我國(guó)著名的古都——南京，在源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的中國(guó)歷史發(fā)展長(zhǎng)河中，有10個(gè)朝代和政權(quán)先后在此建都，許多叱咤風(fēng)云的著名人物長(zhǎng)眠在這里，偉大的革命先驅(qū)孫中山先生的陵墓就位于南京東郊的鐘山南麓。鐘山是寧鎮(zhèn)山脈的最高峰，海拔約460米，東西走向，長(zhǎng)約7千米，南北寬度約3千米。千百年來(lái)，這里進(jìn)行過(guò)種種社會(huì)活動(dòng)，建成了許多園林、第宅、寺塔、壇臺(tái)和陵墓，留下了無(wú)數(shù)可歌可泣的史實(shí)和動(dòng)人的傳說(shuō)。

1920xx年3月12日，孫中山因患肝癌醫(yī)治無(wú)效與北京逝世，臨終前一再表示，愿其遺體如友人列寧一樣得以保存，歸葬南京紫金山，根據(jù)他的遺愿，國(guó)民黨中央執(zhí)行委員會(huì)一致決定在南京紫金山建陵，陵園的設(shè)計(jì)方案是通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)入選的，采取了密封評(píng)議的方式，最后，評(píng)出首獎(jiǎng)是中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)師呂彥昌設(shè)計(jì)的鐘形圖案，鐘有“示警”和“自由”的含義，它象征著孫中山領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)革命的意義和貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)又與陵墓所在地鐘山相吻合，在具體設(shè)計(jì)上，采取了中西合璧的手法和技術(shù)，汲取了中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)建筑中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，采用了中軸對(duì)稱的總平面布局，民族形式的建筑外觀，淳樸的色調(diào)，簡(jiǎn)潔的裝修和大面積綠化等方法，很好的表現(xiàn)了陵園的莊嚴(yán)氣氛和和孫中山先生的不朽精神。中山陵于1920xx年春動(dòng)工興建，中間由于軍閥割據(jù)，政局混亂，工程進(jìn)展緩慢，至1920xx年3月方才竣工，1920xx年6月1日舉行了盛大隆重的奉安大點(diǎn)，全國(guó)各地都沉浸在悲哀之中，孫中山先生的靈柩于12時(shí)，在101響禮炮聲中，葬入墓穴，一代偉人就此安息在鐘山南麓。

陵墓的入口位于最南端，是一座三間三樓琉璃瓦頂?shù)氖品?，在明間的檐下，懸掛著孫中山先生的手術(shù)“博愛(ài)”橫匾一方，繼續(xù)向里，沿著墓道，便到大陵門(mén)，陵門(mén)高15米，寬24米，深8米，氣勢(shì)非凡，正中拱門(mén)楣上鐫刻著中山先生親筆書(shū)寫(xiě)的“天下為公”幾個(gè)金光大字，循陵門(mén)后至石階及至碑亭，亭內(nèi)在龜趺上立8米高的石碑一座，上刻鑲金楷書(shū)“中國(guó)國(guó)民黨葬孫先生于此，中華民國(guó)十八年六月一日”。自碑亭再往北，跨過(guò)290級(jí)的臺(tái)階便登上了寬135米，深30米的大平臺(tái)，平臺(tái)是全陵的制高點(diǎn)，這里視野開(kāi)闊，氣象萬(wàn)千，既便近觀，又宜遠(yuǎn)眺，無(wú)論春夏秋冬，風(fēng)霜雨雪，大自然都向人們展示其周?chē)兓脽o(wú)窮的奇妙景色。平臺(tái)中央，便是祭殿，祭堂正面明間的雙眼連接處刻有中山先生的手術(shù)“天地正氣”，三個(gè)圓券門(mén)上方，鐫刻著“民族”“民權(quán)”“民生”六字，呈內(nèi)有12根黑色花崗石圓柱，護(hù)壁為黑色大理石，左右壁上刻有中山先生的《國(guó)民政府建國(guó)大綱》全文，堂中央偏北處，置有這位偉大的革命家的白色大理石像一尊，雕像端坐平視，神態(tài)安詳，栩栩如生。

巍巍中山陵，巍巍的氣勢(shì)襯托了孫中山先生的偉大品格，不朽精神，也可以所，它是孫中山品格與精神的象征，在中山陵肅穆的氛圍中，寄托了人們對(duì)孫中山先生的無(wú)限敬仰