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第一篇：安徽景點(diǎn)英文導(dǎo)游詞
安徽黃山英文導(dǎo)游詞
Friends, hello! Now we already arrived the Huangshan Mountain scenic spot southern region strategic place soup mouth.First introduces the Huangshan Mountain scenery in here to you the survey.
Huangshan Mountain, is located south the Chinese Anhui Province, is the Chinese Nanling sierra the part, entire mountain area approximately 1,200 square kilometers.The Huangshan Mountain mountain system center-section, is Huangshan Mountain's eence are partial, also Huangshan Mountain scenic spot which must tour on us, area approximately 154 square kilometers.It within the boundaries of Huangshan Mountain city, south neighbour She county, Huizhou area, Xiuning County and Yi Xian, north continually yellow mountainous area; These five counties, the area also all belong to the Huangshan Mountain city jurisdiction.
Huangshan Mountain in Chinese Tang Dynasty before is called the mountain, is the black appearance, because on the mountain the rock blue black is blue black, the ancient gives it such name.The fable we Chinese race's ancestor shaft Yellow Emperor in completes the area south of Yellow River to unify after industry, founds the Chinese civilization, arrives here to pick the medicine to build up Dan, takes a bath in the hot spring, thus obtains enlightenment the immortal.Tang Dynasty renowned Emperor Ming Huangli the prosperous base extremely will believe this view, (747 years) has gotten down together the imperial edict in six years, the mountain will change name Huangshan Mountain.The meaning is, this mountain is Yellow Emperor's mountain.From then on, Huangshan Mountain this name one until now.
The friends, you are not far thousand, even Wan Lidao here, must look at Huangshan Mountain with own eyes the America? Not is must feel a time of life to be joyful? Yes, Huangshan Mountain is certainly beautiful certainly beautiful, may say the day wonderful mountain, can ascend a height to get a broad view it, has a look it with own eyes, truly is a life big happy event.Before the very long long time, in the long geologic history generation, the nature infinite strength, has molded the Huangshan Mountain that certainly beautiful elegant demeanour and all sorts of unusual landscapes very much, makes one fall, is elated.
Huangshan Mountain's America, first on beautifully in its high peak.Here competes Xiu, Feng Feng exprees admiration, respectively has the characteristic, each charm.The Huangshan Mountain high peak has how many, but also does not have an accurate numeral.In the history succeively names has 36 big peaks, 36 small peaks, recent years also had 10 famous peaks to be selected "the Huangshan Mountain Will".This more than 80 mountain peaks high overwhelming majority above the elevation kilometer, lotus flower peak is all highest (1,864 meters), the light goes against is next (1,841 meters), the day all peak rank (1829.5 meters), these three big peaks and the graceful bearing outstanding beginning letter peak (1,683 meters), are Huangshan Mountain's friends, even if mounts in these four high peaks, also calculated.
Under, I "four certainly" separately make again Huangshan Mountain an introduction.
Said Huangshan Mountain "four certainly", arranges at first working as is the wonderful pine.Yellow pinus montana wonderfully in what place? First is wonderfully in it vitality, you saw have had no alternative but to expre admiration.Generally said that, every has the earth the side to be able to leave the vegetation and the crops, but the yellow pine is long comes out from the hard yellow hillock rock.Huangshan Mountain everywhere all is growing the pine tree, their long peak, the long sheer precipice, is long in the glen, green and luxuriant, full of vitality.Since 1100, they were split open like this from the rock, the root deep deeply gripped in the rock seam, did not fear barren was arid, did not fear the wind and thunder sleet, natural, unyielding.You can say is not wonderful? Next is, yellow pinus montana also wonderfully in it that unique natural modelling.From generally speaking, yellow pinus montana's needle short and heavy dense, Ye Senong green, the trunk and branches tune lives, crown flat, appears one kind simply, steady, the vigorous imposing manner, but each pine tree, each pine tree, in the appearance, is mad in the rhyme, also is each every different, all some one kind of unusual America.The people according to them the different shape and the charm, separately gave them to get up has been appropriate from however the elegant interesting name, like received a guest the pine, the black tiger pine, the pine, Long Zhuasong, searches Korean pine, unity pine and so on.They are the Huangshan Mountain wonderful pine's representative.
The strange stone, is constitutes the Huangshan Mountain beautiful scenery one "certainly".Everywhere all may see in Huangshan Mountain wonderful shape strange rock, these strange stone appearances infinitely varied, some picture people, some picture thing, some have the reflection certain myth fables and the historical story, lifelike, vivid were all interesting.In 121 famous stones, well-knownne higher some having "fly the stone", "immortal play che", "the magpie ascend the plum", "the monkey view sea", "immortal expose to the sun the boots", "the Penglai three islands", "the golden rooster are called the fontanel" and so on.These strange stones have are the coloi, some marvelous exquisite; Some independences become the scenery, some are several combinations or with the wonderful pine ingenious knot synthesis scenery.Also a strange stone because watched the position and the angle has changed, the appearance also had the change, has become stone two scenery, if "the golden rooster was called the fontanel" also to call "five old heavens all", "the magpie to ascend the plum" also to be called "immortal to refer to the road" is moves step trades the scenery the reason.Also some strange factories, looked under the diimilar condition, can produce cannot aociation, thus also had the different name, if "the monkey view sea" also is called "the monkey to look peace" then is.
Also cloud sea.Although also can see the cloud sea in the Chinese other Mingshan, but does not have to be able compared to on the Huangshan Mountain cloud sea such magnificent sight and fluctuates infinitely.Probably is this reason, Huangshan Mountain also has other name, calls "Yellow Sea".This certainly to be sure claims without justification, has the history for the card.The Ming Dynasty has the renowned annals scientist's to name be Pan to be permanent, has lived for several dozens years in Huangshan Mountain, wrote 60 volumes big book -- Huangshan Mountain mountain wills, the book title has called "Yellow Sea".Huangshan Mountain's some scenic areas, the guesthouse and the multitudinous landscape naming, all special "the sea" has the connection with this, some landscapes if watch in the cloud sea, can appear clearly, flavor also foot.These also all proved that, "Yellow Sea" this name is worthy of the name.
Finally, introduces the hot spring.Our Chang Jiang and the tour hot spring is Huangshan Mountain guesthouse hot spring, ancient time calls the hot spring, gushes out from the purple pinnacle.Hot spring scenic area names which with it, after enters the scenic area which the Huangshan Mountain south gate first arrives.Hot spring water volume sufficient, the water temperature year to year maintains about 42, the water quality is good, and includes to the human body beneficial mineral substance, has the certain medical value, to the skin disease, the rheumatism and the digesting system disease, really has the certain curative effect.But only can the bath, not be able to drink; Croes the cloud to say it may drink uses, is unscientific.
Actually, the Huangshan Mountain hot spring continues.The slope folds under the peak north Huangshan Mountain, but also some hot spring, calls the loose valley hut, ancient name tin spring.It with Shannan's guesthouse hot spring contour interval 7.5 kilometers, elevation also near, the north and south are symmetrical, coordinate with each other acro a great distance.This also sufficed wonderfully.But because it is situated remote at present not to develop the use.
Besides "four certainly", Huangshan Mountain's waterfall, sunrise and sunset glow, also is extremely the magnificent sight and lovely.
Huangshan Mountain, Shan Gaobei is steep, the brook rushes from the mountain canyon gushes out, flies from the steep valley clift falls with, forms the waterfall."In the mountain night of rain, everywhere hangs flies the spring", is the Huangshan Mountain attentive vivid portrayal.The Huangshan Mountain waterfall are very many, magnificent having "Kowloon waterfall", "person character waterfall" and "rope made of twisted bamboo strips waterfall".
Huangshan Mountain four seasons distinct: Spring Qingfeng , the wild flower is brilliant; Summer the cool piece, everywhere flies the waterfall; Autumn clear sky and fresh air, red leaves like rosy cloud; The cold winter is , the ice sculpture jade builds.Huangshan Mountain truly is a traveling, the summer vacation, enjoys the snow the exceedingly good destination.九華山 Jiuhuashan
（also called "Mount Jiuhua", literally "Nine Glorious Mountains")
Mount Jiuhua is one of the four sacred mountains of Chinese Buddhism.It is located in Qingyang County in Anhui province and is famous for its rich landscape and ancient temples.
Many of the mountain's shrines and temples are dedicated to Ksitigarbha (known in Chinese as Dìzàng, Traditional Chinese: 地藏), who is a bodhisattva and protector of souls in hell according to Mahayana Buddhist tradition.Pious Buddhists often come to this popular attraction in Anhui to climb to Greater Tiantai peak, which is regarded as Jiuhuashan's most important peak, although it is not the tallest.
九華山的歷史
History of Jiuhua Mountain
Jiuhu Mountain, known as a Buddhist wonderland and famous for its large number of temples and beautiful scenery, has been a resplendent pearl of Chinese cultural heritage.
Jiuhua Mountain was formed in the late Cenozoic Era, and Buddhism began in the Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589) at the mountain.According to historical records, a monk named Fuhu built Fuhu Convent in 503; Monk Tanhao practised Buddhism here in 713; During 713-755, Jin Qiaojue, a Korean aristocrat, came to Jiuhua Mountain and lived in a stone cave at Dongya Peak.His hard practice moved the local people, and they contributed money to build a temple for him.In 781 the local official Zhang Yan presented a memorial to the emperor for the horizontal inscribed board "Huacheng".Upon Jin Qiaojue's nirvana, it was said that the mountain roared, birds and monkeys cried, and the earth gave out fire and light.His body kept lively three years later, so he was respected as the Earth Buddha, wrapped with earth and has been preserved to present.Roushen Pagoda was built to revere him, and thus Jiuhua Mountain has become the place where Earth Buddhist rites are performed.
The history of Buddhism at Jiuhua Mountain can be divided into five periods: founded in the middle of Tang Dynasty ; decayed from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties; slowly developed in the Song and Yuan Dynasties; and greatly developed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In the Ming Dynasty, the emperors granted money to rebuild Huacheng Temple for three times and two emperors bestowed inscriptions.The number of temples and nunneries was over a hundred, and many monks and nuns came.It was listed as one of the four famous Buddhist mountains, besides Wutai Mountain, Emei Mountain, and Putuo Mountain.
天柱山
Tourists friends :
Hello everyone! Welcome to the Tianzhu Mountain tourism.I xx travel agency guides, we ask me x I.Well, we drove to the tourist companies x xx chef, please remember plate numbers.X chef and I make every effort to provide good service to everyone.Wish you all the buried hills during happine!
(Brief day trip travel arrangements) Our coaches marched in 105 National Road.Tianzhu Mountain from the county to enter this section of road known as the Tianzhu.See you in front, stands a tall building in the gatehouse, which is Tianzhu Mountain landmark door.Door meters high, the main gate span meters (mainly built with materials, architectural features) columns are carved with motifs Panlong.A doorway of the ancient "Nanyue Tianzhu Mountain" characters is the late president of the Buddhist Aociation of China, Mr.Zhao wrote, it is the old Park had a final treasured paintings.This signature building a total investment of nearly 300 million, for completion in 1999.
Also known as the Tianzhu Mountain ancient Nanyue why? According to historical records, the saying China Zhi-four closures began before the Fuxi's no Wye, and it has been more than 5,000 years, then Tianzhu Mountain has been named as Nanyue, ranked second in the saying.106 BC, the Han dynasty ritual boarding Tianzhu Mountain value for money, build Tan Ji Yue.Accompanied by Sima Qian in "Records of the Historian" documented the Han dynasty southern tour : "Deng Zhi Tianzhu Mountain submarine ceremony, Xiao Yue Nanyue." AD 589, Emperor Wen for the development of southern Xinjiang, Hunan changed closure of Nanyue Mountain, in Tianzhu Mountain from the ancient "Nanyue" after the name of World Biography.The emperor was sealed by the people, also known as the Tianzhu Mountain Long live the hill, called Hill 10000.
We all know Anhui "Wan", the Anhui What is the origin? Anhui what is the point? "Wan" in the ancient books and the "yipping" GM is a bright and beautiful meaning.We Tianzhu Mountain region since ancient times endowed with good scenery, beautiful place, the emperor week closure of a truly called "Wan country." Management of Anhui is a counte doctor, he imposed a benevolent, great achievements after his artificial mark, known for his public Anhui, the Tianzhu Mountain built a temple in Anhui Province.Tianzhu Mountain also will be known as Mountain in Anhui Province, known as Wan Shan, and through the Tianzhu Mountain rivers as water Anhui, Anhui water into the next section of the Yangtze called Wanjiang.So far since the Zhou Dynasty, "Wan" in recent history have been in 3000.Anhui Province, "Wan" This one has both a long history and a better contain the word implies, as referred to the provinces.We boarded the Tianzhu Mountain, featuring offered unspoiled indistinguishable from the original "Anhui public statues" -- but he Anhui "ancestors" yo! We were also buried hill from the county Tianzhu Mountain.Because Tianzhu Mountain peak around more than 40 blocks Qunfeng arch surround the ring, the peak of potential hidden people may not easily see each other, it also Tianzhu Mountain called "Buried Hill." Buried Hill County under the Anqing City, 57 million people, with an area of 1,686 square kilometers, is a "seven mountains two hours, a water fields" Hill district.Canton Dabie Mountain ranges of the Northwest, more than 1,732, Youheshenjian, sinister environment created in the natural scenery-lai.Tianzhu Mountain peak elevation of 1,488 meters, the majestic Qiaobo such as "get in a column." Tianzhu scenery, Xiongqi scenery, the ancient Chinese history and culture is famous.Travel natural scenery and rich cultural landscape, the main scenic area of 82.46 square kilometers area of 333 square kilometers.In 1982 the State Council was announced as the first batch of national key scenic spots, in 1992 as a national forest park in 2000 were aeed for the state 4a - cla tourist area and the National Forest Park civilization.In 2003 the most respected netizens "Chinese famous 10" selected activities, the Tianzhu Mountain listed in the "top 10 Chinese famous" sixth.County Tianzhufeng still higher than the Purple Mountain, elevation 1,539 meters, is the third Dabie Mountain peak.High mountains long, Chungho Habitat You Buried Hill County is the portrayal of the ecological environment.Here the water and air quality are first-cla, tourists friends, the buried hills, the green bank into a major natural Oxygen-bar!
Buried Hill everywhere is the scenery and culture is everywhere.Here foils unearthed from the vibrant world, has been verified as "ancient vertebrate foils of treasured land, the birthplace of Asian mammals", as well as ancient human origin of the world.Human ancestors here have created a splendid civilization.A year has two college entrance examination papers on the examination of the historical and cultural Buried Hill County -- One is known as the "long poem Zhi Sheng," the Han Dynasty of China's Narrative Poems "to work", we all cooked core of this eternal Masterpiece first, but the East has a "Romeo and Juliet" inspired by the reputation of touching love story Festival raw land in the county is unknown buried hill; another that is the oldest "Xue Kong Cultural Relics", as the famous sites on the buried hills Wang As part of the county, from the county is le than 10 km, the State Council approved the key state protection unit.Archaeological sites of more than 2,000 pieces of precious relics, contains a unique culture, represents the unique type of culture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences named the "Xue gang culture." Imagine, a national college entrance examination papers on the ends and two that the relevant content and buried hill, which can give everyone marveled Qianmiqiao history, profound cultural accumulation, the impact of the market.Gem Masters history, high-level officials love Tianzhu Mountain water, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Wang Anshi, Sushi, Huang Tingjian, Lu Yu, Yang Wanli, etc.We have all traveled Tianzhu, a snapshot of Shengjingguan, singing Wye Wing-core, carving Schleswig, and left many masterpieces of poetry and the human landscape.Tianzhu Northfield also bred a generation of people buried hill, the ancient talented people here.Magic of the Eastern Han Dynasty big, Alchemy founder Turner, the three countries at the famous mathematician and astronomer Wang Fan, a famous poet Matthias Lanzinger Late Tang Dynasty prime minister, writer Wang gui ...modern, "Emblem cla leader", "Beijing Opera originator" Chengchanggeng, popular literature Masters Zhang Henshui, contemporary "acrobatics Queen's" summer chrysanthemums, Huangmei Play rookie Han fun.One side soil support, it is to human resources!
After 20 years of development and construction, the Tianzhu Mountain is the development of the eight scenic areas, open six scenic spots and tourist facilities has greatly improved the visibility and Tianzhu Mountain growing reputation, Tianzhu Mountain to the number of tourists has increased, the home and about 800,000 paengers.Tianzhu Mountain is no longer Mr.Yu described a "lonely Tianzhu Mountain", the tourism economy of our county and enriching Buried Hill County of the pillar industries.
游客朋友們：
大家好！歡迎大家來天柱山旅游。我是xx旅行社導(dǎo)游，大家叫我x導(dǎo)好了，為我們開車的是xx旅游公司x師傅，請(qǐng)大家記住車牌號(hào)碼。我和x師傅盡力為大家做好服務(wù)。祝大家在潛山期間開開心心！
（簡(jiǎn)述當(dāng)日游程安排）
我們旅游車行進(jìn)在105國(guó)道。從縣城進(jìn)入天柱山的這一段稱為天柱大道。大家請(qǐng)看前方，矗立著一座高大的門樓建筑，這就是天柱山標(biāo)志性大門。大門高 米，主門跨度 米，（主要用 材料建成，主要建筑特色）立柱上都雕刻著盤龍紋飾。門頭上的“古南岳天柱山”幾個(gè)大字是已故的中國(guó)佛教協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)趙樸初先生題寫的，這是樸老生前最后一幅墨寶。這座標(biāo)志性建筑總投資近300萬元，1999年竣工。
天柱山為什么又稱古南岳呢？據(jù)有關(guān)史料記載，中國(guó)五岳之封始于三皇伏羲之前的無懷氏，距今已五千余年，那時(shí)天柱山已被封為南岳，名列五岳第二位。公元前106年，漢武帝劉徹南巡登臨天柱山，筑壇祭岳。同行的司馬遷在《史記》中記載了漢武帝這次南巡活動(dòng)：“登禮潛之天柱山，號(hào)曰南岳。”到公元589年，隋文帝為開拓南疆，改封湖南衡山為南岳，從此天柱山以“古南岳”之名傳之后世。因被皇帝加封，在民間，天柱山又被稱為萬歲山，簡(jiǎn)稱萬山。
大家都知道安徽省簡(jiǎn)稱“皖”，皖有怎樣的來歷呢？皖又有什么意思呢？“皖”在古書上與“睆”通用，是明亮而美好的意思。我們天柱山地區(qū)自古以來山青水秀好風(fēng)光，這樣美麗的地方，周天子封了一個(gè)名符其實(shí)的名稱叫“皖國(guó)”。治理皖國(guó)的是一位伯爵大夫，他施以仁政，很有政績(jī)，后人為紀(jì)念他，尊稱他為皖公，在天柱山建了皖公廟。天柱山也隨之稱為皖公山，又叫皖山，流經(jīng)天柱山下的大河稱為皖水，皖水注入長(zhǎng)江的下一段叫做皖江。自周朝至今，“皖”的歷史已有近3000年。安徽省以“皖”這樣一個(gè)既具有悠久歷史、又含有美好寓意的字眼作為省份簡(jiǎn)稱。我們登上天柱山后，可以一睹渾然天成、惟妙惟肖的“皖公神像”——他可是安徽的“老祖宗”喲！
我們潛山縣名也來源于天柱山。因?yàn)樘熘街鞣逯車?0多座群峰環(huán)拱簇?fù)碇?，主峰潛伏隱藏著讓人不得輕易相見，因此，天柱山又叫作“潛山”。潛山縣隸屬于安慶市，57萬人口，面積1686平方公里，是一個(gè)“七山一水二分田”的山區(qū)縣?？h境西北部是大別山余脈，多高山峻嶺，幽壑深澗，自然環(huán)境險(xiǎn)惡造就了自然風(fēng)光綺麗。天柱山主峰海拔1488米，雄偉峭拔如“擎天一柱”。天柱風(fēng)光，雄奇靈秀，自古以來就是中國(guó)歷史文化名山。自然風(fēng)光迤邐，人文景觀豐富，主景區(qū)面積82.46平方公里，保護(hù)區(qū)面積333平方公里。1982年被國(guó)務(wù)院公布為首批國(guó)家重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)之一，1992年列為國(guó)家森林公園，2000年被評(píng)定為國(guó)家4a級(jí)旅游區(qū)和全國(guó)文明森林公園。2003年在最受網(wǎng)友推崇的“中華十大名山”評(píng)選活動(dòng)中，天柱山名列“中華十大名山”第六位。縣境內(nèi)還有比天柱峰更高的金紫山，海拔1539米，是大別山第三高峰。山高水長(zhǎng)、景美境幽是潛山縣生態(tài)環(huán)境的寫照。這里的水質(zhì)和空氣質(zhì)量都是一流的，游客朋友們，到了潛山，就到了綠色植物庫，進(jìn)了天然大氧吧！
潛山無處不是風(fēng)景，無處不是文化。這里出土的古生物化石名震世界，已被考證為“古脊椎動(dòng)物化石的寶地，亞洲哺乳類的發(fā)源地”，也是古人類的起源地之一。人類祖先在這里創(chuàng)造了燦爛的文明。有一年高考就有兩道試題考到了潛山縣歷史文化——一是被稱為“長(zhǎng)詩之圣”的我國(guó)漢樂府?dāng)⑹略姟犊兹笘|南飛》，大家都熟誦這首千古絕唱，但有著東方“羅米歐與朱麗葉”之譽(yù)的凄美動(dòng)人的愛情故事誕生地在潛山縣卻鮮為人知；另一道題是新石器時(shí)代的“薛家崗文化遺址”，這個(gè)著名的遺址就在潛山縣王河鎮(zhèn)，距離縣城不足10公里，是國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)公布的國(guó)家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。遺址出土的兩千多件珍貴文物，包含著別具一格的文化內(nèi)涵，代表著獨(dú)樹一幟的文化類型，被中科院命名為“薛家崗文化”。大家試想一下，一張全國(guó)高考的試卷就有兩道題的內(nèi)容與潛山相關(guān)，這不能不讓大家驚嘆潛山的歷史源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，文化積淀深厚，影響之大。歷代名人雅士、達(dá)官顯貴鐘情天柱山水，李白、白居易、王安石、蘇軾、黃庭堅(jiān)、陸游、楊萬里等大家都曾游歷天柱，飽覽勝境，唱懷詠誦，刻石勒名，留下了許多傳世詩文和人文景觀。天柱靈氣也孕育了一代代的潛山人，自古這里人才輩出。東漢大魔術(shù)家、中國(guó)煉丹術(shù)創(chuàng)始人左慈，三國(guó)時(shí)著名數(shù)學(xué)家、天文學(xué)家王蕃，晚唐著名詩人曹松，宋代宰相、文學(xué)家王珪??在近現(xiàn)代，有“徽班領(lǐng)袖”、“京劇鼻祖”程長(zhǎng)庚，有通俗文學(xué)大師張恨水，還有當(dāng)代的“雜技皇后”夏菊花，黃梅戲新秀韓再芬。 一方水土養(yǎng)一方人，這就是地靈人杰吧！
經(jīng)過二十多年的開發(fā)建設(shè)，天柱山八大景區(qū)現(xiàn)已開發(fā)、開放六大景區(qū)，旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施有了極大改善，天柱山的知名度和美譽(yù)度越來越高，到天柱山的游客人數(shù)逐年遞增，現(xiàn)年接待游客量約80萬人次。天柱山已不再是余秋雨先生筆下《寂寞的天柱山》，旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)成為我們潛山縣富民興縣的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。
新四軍軍部舊址英文導(dǎo)游詞
memorial sites of the New Fourth Army新四軍軍部舊址紀(jì)念館中國(guó)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)網(wǎng)Yunling is the only place honored as State Cultural Relics Protection Unit among the memorial sites of the New Fourth Army.The water, power, road and ...e.cnci.gov.cn/doce/project/project_detail.aspx?project_id=4882
The New Fourth Army (traditional Chinese: 新四軍; simplified Chinese: 新四軍; pinyin: Xīn 4 Jūn) was a unit of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China.In contrast to most of the National Revolutionary Army, it was controlled by the Communist Party of China and not by the ruling Kuomintang.The New Fourth Army and the Eighth Route Army were the two main communist forces from 1938.The New Fourth Army was active south of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang), while the Eighth Route Army was based in Yan'an in the northwest.
Members of the New Fourth Army wore their badges on the left arm, with "N4A" and the soldier's unit and name listed on the badge.
After the Xi'an Incident, the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek and the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong formed a United Front against Japan, which was already in control of Manchuria.This was the second of the KMT-CPC United Fronts.The Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937 marked the beginning of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
In October, 1937, an announcement was made that Red Army soldiers active in the eight provinces in southern China — those who did not embark on the Long March would be part of the New Fourth Army.The New Fourth Army was established on December 25, 1937 in Hankou, moving to Nanchang on January 6, 1938, when the detachments began marching to the battlefront.At the beginning, the New Fourth Army had four detachments and one task force battalion and numbered roughly ten thousand.Later the army moved to Anhui province.Ye Ting was the army commander, Xiang Ying the deputy army commander.
It was in theory a united front against Japan but in practice there was friction between Nationalist and Communist Forces, which intensified in the fall of 1940, culminating in the New Fourth Army Incident with a full fledged battle between the New Fourth Army and KMT National Revolutionary Army forces.Up until that point, most of the battles had been skirmishes.The army was fully reorganised after the incident and remained in active combact until the end of the war.
第二篇：上海景點(diǎn)英語導(dǎo)游詞500
Located at the center of the mainland's coastline, Shanghai has long been a major hub of communications, transportation, and international exchange. The municipality covers an area of 6,341 square kilometers and has a population of more than 13.5 million. Shanghai is China's largest economic comprehensive industrial base, and a famous historical and cultural city.
The city consistently attracts investment and is seen as an ideal venue for business gatherings. It is also a must on any agenda during a tour of China. Shanghai has fostered a comprehensive transportation network that incorporates land, sea, and air travel, as well as a convenient urban transportation system. More than 300 airlines serve the city, proving direct flights to more than 20 countries and regions. The addition of the Shanghai Pudong International Airport, which went into operation in 1999, is expected to increase the annual passenger volume to some 20 million.
Special tourist trains running between Shanghai and the neighboring provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, as well as tourist bus routes along newly-constructed expressways, offer great convenience for regional travel. Shanghai has more than 400 travel agencies to assist visitors, and the 127 star-rated hotels offer a total of 40, 000 guest rooms.
Visitors to Shanghai are not only dazzled by the modern metropolis and gateway to a developing China, but are also able to immerse themselves in the unique Shanghai culture, a combination of Chinese and Western elements. Colorful festivals and celebrations dot the yearly Shanghai activities calendar, such as the Shanghai Nanhui Peach Blossoms Festival, Shanghai International Tea Culture Festival and Shanghai China International Art Festival.
Shanghai has also introduced special tour packages aimed at the different interests of visitors, such as bicycling tours, hiking tours, gourmet tours, rehabilitation and health care tours, study tours, Japanese young women's tours, honey moon tours, and convention and exhibition tours.
The well-known Bund is a must for visitors to Shanghai. Fifty-two buildings lining the narrow shoreline of the Huangpu River offer a living exhibition of Gothic, Baroque, Roman, Classic Revival and Renaissance architectural styles, as well as combinations of Chinese and Western styles. They are also a condensation of the recent history of the city. The wide embankment offers ample room for strolling and is used by locals for morning exercises and evening gatherings. In the evening, colorful lights illuminate the area and create a shimmering image deserving of the name Pearl of the Orient.
The Yu Gardens are a classical landscape in the Southern Chinese style with a history of more than 400 years. Pavilions, halls, rockeries and ponds display the finest in landscaping from the Southern style as seen in the Ming and Qing dynasties. More than 40 landscapes were ingeniously separated by latticed walls, winding corridors, and lattice windows.
People's Square has become the political and cultural center in Shanghai since 1994, when it was rebuilt. In and around the square are a massive fountain named the Light of Huangpu River, 10,000 square meters of lawns, six groups of relief carvings that depict the history of Shanghai, the New Shanghai Museum, the offices of the municipal government, an underground shopping plaza, the Shanghai Grand Theater and the Shanghai Exhibition Center
第三篇：旅游景點(diǎn)的英語導(dǎo)游詞
ladies and gentlemen:
we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.
this hall was also used for mourning services.
(inside the palace of union and peace)
this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.
in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.
(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)
this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.
第四篇：旅游景點(diǎn)的英語導(dǎo)游詞
Ladies and Gentlemen:
I am pleased to serve as your guide today.
This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.
It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) . The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.
The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happin.
第五篇：旅游景點(diǎn)的英語導(dǎo)游詞
This is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.
forbidden city(紫禁城)
(in front of the meridian gate)
it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.
the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.
the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter―high wall which encloses the complex. octagon ―shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.
manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.
the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.
qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.
(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)
now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one Cthird of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly Cstratified feudal system.
the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.
(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)
the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble Ccarved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.
aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half Croom is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.
(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)
ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.
the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.
there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.
this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.
the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.
(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)
this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.
in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.
the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.
the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.
(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)
the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.
during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .
(in front of the hall of complete harmony)
the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.
(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)
this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.
(behind the hall of preserving harmony)
this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.
note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.
