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第一篇:云南麗江導(dǎo)游詞
今天我們來到風(fēng)景秀麗的云南麗江古城。麗江古城位于玉龍雪山腳下,麗江古城的一大特點(diǎn)是沒有城墻。請(qǐng)問各位游客,您見過那座古城沒有城墻呢?恐怕沒有吧。這就是麗江古城的最大特點(diǎn)。原來,因?yàn)辂惤懦堑氖最I(lǐng)姓木,他想,木圍上就圍墻不就是困了。他覺得這個(gè)字不吉利。就不要圍墻了。可能有的人要問了,如果沒有圍墻,可能就會(huì)受到異族的侵略了。到那時(shí)沒有防范措施怎么辦?這個(gè)不用擔(dān)心,麗江古城是四面環(huán)山,山又很高。可以將山當(dāng)作最大的圍墻。所以不用擔(dān)心異族的攻擊。
現(xiàn)在,我們看到麗江古城的兩座大風(fēng)車,他們叫母子輪。大的是媽媽,小的是兒子,怎么樣,形象吧?我們?cè)谙蚯白?,這個(gè)廣場(chǎng)就是四方街了。四方街是一條歷史悠久的街道。它可是茶馬古道的必經(jīng)之路。在這我們順便講講茶馬古道的故事。茶馬古道是一條運(yùn)鹽巴,茶葉的道路,它從香格里拉一直到西藏。因?yàn)槁飞虾芪kU(xiǎn),運(yùn)輸?shù)年?duì)伍又經(jīng)常遇險(xiǎn)或被異族的人搶了貨物殺害。所以,至今還有很多人記得他們。
再往前走,這座八角寶塔型的建筑就是麗江古城的木府。它是麗江首領(lǐng)居住的地方,所以人們現(xiàn)在一直還保留著。麗江古城的景點(diǎn)很多,一定要細(xì)細(xì)游覽。
第二篇:云南麗江英文導(dǎo)游詞
Hello everyone.My name is Yang yifei,you can call me xiaoyang if you like.It is a honour for me to have the chance to introduce the lijiang to you.
It is said there is a fairyland beneath the colorful clouds of southern China. A place blessed with fresh air, clear streams, breathtaking snow-capped mountains, and an undisturbed landscape inhabited by a friendly group of people. Life in this fairyland is so peaceful, a fairyland called Lijiang, located at the hub of Tibet, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. While the geographical position of Lijiang City is remote, it has the advantage of ensuring a pleasant year round climate and a wide variety of tourist resources in the 20,600 square kilometers area. The earliest recorded history of Lijiang can be traced back to the Warring States Period (476 BC-221 BC) but with the advent of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the local economy reached a peak with the development of the Ancient Tea-Horse Road which made a great contribution to both commercial and cultural communication between Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. At present, Lijiang City is an attractive tourist destination in Yunnan Province that exercises jurisdiction over four counties and an Old Town District. Lijiang is the main region inhabited by Naxi Group, one of China's 55 minority ethnic groups. In its long history, the local residents have established their splendid Dongba Culture which has absorbed aspects of the culture of Tibet and the Central Plains along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The various souvenirs marked with these Dongba hieroglyphs are very popular with visitors from home and abroad.
Lijiang has the best preserved ancient town in China - the Old Town which has been listed in the World Cultural Heritages by UNESCO in 1997. The Old Town was once the center of Lijiang and continues to maintain the original flavor of the local lifestyle, the typical groups of buildings and the profound cultural heritage of the region. When wandering along Square Street or any other streets in the Old Town, you will be struck by the peaceful surroundings. From enjoying the sight of the setting sun from historic hotels to local farmsteads, there are many favorable things here for travelers. Naturally, there are a number of tour destinations to enhance your visit as well. Among them, the most famous is Mufu (Mu's Palace) which should not be missed during your trip.
Around Lijiang, there are a number of splendid natural beauty spots that will certainly astonish you. If you like to see superlative natural scenery, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain which provides a majestic backdrop to the Moon-Embracing Pavilion at Black Dragon Pond will fulfill your desire. For those seeking an exotic experience in Lijiang, a visit to the Mosuo People beside Lugu Lake is a must. They are called the last 'Kingdom of Women' on earth. If you would like to experience the local lifestyle, then come and participate in one or more of their various festivals that are held throughout the year. Lijiang does not have a direct rail link and is reached by travelers by air or by coach. However, having got to Lijiang, visiting round and about is easy with the help of the city buses, taxis or for the more energetic by bicycle. However, please don't forget to save some time to walk in Lijiang. Along your way, you must visit some of the souvenir shops and taste some local dishes and snacks. At night, the famous bar street in the Old Town is really worth a visit. No matter where you go, you will find a harmonious combination of tradition and fashion in Lijiang City.
The smart and unsophisticated Naxi people who have long inhabited Lijiang preserve the unique and profuse Dongba Culture. In fact, a great number of scholars and travelers are attracted to this mysterious place more for the culture than its charming sceneries. Dongba Culture is of a religious nature and make up the most important component of the ancient Naxi culture. However, before the form of the Dongba Culture, the Naxi people in Lijiang followed the native religion of sorcery. During the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties, a series of the other cultures, such as the Tibetan Bon Religion, Buddhism and Taoism, were introduced into this region, affecting the native religion. Along with the impact and blending among these various cultures, the new Dongba Religion was founded. The Dongba Culture is said to been passed on by the Dongbas who were sages that integrated song, dance, the classics, history, painting and medicine. They enjoyed a high social position within the Naxi group because they were considered as mediums between humans, gods and ghosts, as well as are able to remove disasters and guarantee good fortunes. At present, there are no more than 30 Dongbas living in Lijiang, so it is a memorable experience for travelers to visit these Dongbas.
Dongba Characters The immense Dongba Culture consists of its writings, scriptures, paintings, dance and music. Amongst them, the Dongba characters are not surprisingly the soul of the Dongba Culture. Enjoying a history of over 1,000 years, it is still used by a few Naxi people even now. At first, the Dongba character was just a kind of hieroglyphic recorded on wood and stone. Later, with the use of paper, the use of characters gained popularity and gained its formal name. As a rare cultural treasure for all mankind, the Dongba character is the only existing hieroglyphic in China and praised to be the 'Living Fossil' showing the characters' origin and development of human society.
Dongba Scriptures All Dongba scriptures were written in the picture-like characters, so they are not interpretable by ordinary folk. However, under the help of the Dongbas, some scriptures were translated into Mandarin and shown to readers at the end of the last century. These scriptures contain almost all aspects of the Naxi people, ranging from the nation's legends and history to traditional dancing and music. Now, these Dongba scriptures are kept in many countries other than China, such as the United States of America, Canada, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and Austria.
Dongba Paintings Traditionally, the exquisite and colorful Dongba paintings completely reveal the beliefs and good wishes of the Naxi people. Some of them are drawn to depict the daily lives of locals. The most famous Dongba painting is the Painting of Sacred Road to Heaven which is approximately 14 meters long and 0.26 meters wide. This painting tells the story of how the dying man's soul is released from suffering. Vivid scenes describe how he passes into Hell, the human world, the natural heaven and finally Heaven. Nowadays, local artisans have created a series of modern Dongba paintings that retain the essence of those from more traditional times.
Dongba Dance and Music The same to the other minorities, dance and music play vital roles in the Naxi people's daily life. The classical Naxi dance is the Dongba dance which is a kind of religious dance being played in the sacrifice events. However, most of these dancing show the locals' fight against the natural world and the forces of evil. There are about 60 kinds of dance recorded in two Dongba scriptures, including animal dance, sword and bow dance as well as the God dance. In fact, most of dance movements prefer to imitate animals, such as tiger, elephant, frog, monkey and eagle. In the sacrifice events of Dongba Religion, the dance is usually accompanied with the Dongba music (also the Naxi Ancient Music). The content of these music is mainly derived from the scriptures and widely singing by the Naxi people. The used instruments include ring, drum, gong and cymbal, producing simple but impressive rhythm. Fortunately, when come to Lijiang, traveler can enjoy the Dongba dance and music shows in the Dongba Palace and Naxi Concert Hall.
第三篇:篇三麗江古城導(dǎo)游詞ppt
各位嘉賓,現(xiàn)在小黎將要帶大家去游覽下一個(gè)景點(diǎn),也是麗江最著名的景點(diǎn)-麗江古城。
剛從象山山麓澄碧如玉的玉泉公園出來,我們要順著從古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水來到被稱作為“高原姑蘇”“東方威尼斯”的麗江古城。
在此各位嘉賓就會(huì)想,小黎怎能口出狂言,敢把這高原小城稱得如此夸張,其實(shí)一點(diǎn)都沒有被小黎夸大,麗江古城就是因?yàn)橛杏袢灤┤怯晒懦欠殖晌骱印⒅泻?、東河三條支流,再分成無(wú)數(shù)股支流。
城內(nèi)亦有多處龍?zhí)丁⑷鄢鏊?/p>
古城利用這種有利的條件,街道自由布局,不求網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工整,主街傍河,小巷臨渠,清澈的泉水穿街流鎮(zhèn),穿墻過屋,“家家流水,戶戶垂楊”的詩(shī)意是這座古城的真實(shí)寫照,這里雖是云貴高原小鎮(zhèn),卻頗有江南水鄉(xiāng)的特色。
麗江古城又叫大研鎮(zhèn),它由大研、白沙、束河三部分組成,大研古城是它們的集中代表,所以人們常常把它叫作大研古城或大研鎮(zhèn)。
而且大研古城位于麗江盆地的中心,古城的西南角聳立著酷似書天巨筆的文筆鋒,麗江盆地則象一方碧玉做成的大硯臺(tái),古時(shí)“研”和“硯”相通,所以古城叫大研。
說話間我們便到了古城,城口最引人注意的應(yīng)該是一雙水車吧,有人說它是子母水車,也有人說它是情人水車。
過去古城里就有水車,今天在一些偏遠(yuǎn)之地也在使用。
古城形成于南宋后期,已有八百多年的歷史,面積3.8平方公里,常住人口約三萬(wàn)人,1986年成為國(guó)家級(jí)歷史文化名城,1997年又被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn),麗江古城除了同蘇州古城一樣具有“小橋流水人家”的特色外,還在古城選址、街道和房屋布局、納西民居等方面別具一格。
麗江的.世界文化遺產(chǎn)由白沙古鎮(zhèn)、束河古鎮(zhèn)和大研古鎮(zhèn)三部分組成,但對(duì)于各位嘉賓來說,吸引力最大的是大研古鎮(zhèn),古城的入口很多,大家隨著小黎從右邊的入口進(jìn)入,看見了顯眼的水車后,緊接著右邊是寫有題詞的照壁,古城里有三房一照壁的民居,那照壁就象各位嘉賓看到得著一塊。
再往右是水龍柱,龍是管水的,古城里的土木建筑最怕火,但水能克火,所以這個(gè)水龍柱代表古城人民免除火災(zāi)的愿望。
千百年來,古城人民象愛護(hù)自己的眼睛一樣愛護(hù)古城,也請(qǐng)各位朋友象古城人民一樣愛護(hù)古城,不亂扔煙頭垃圾。
再看世界文化遺產(chǎn)標(biāo)志,圓圈代表地球、自然,方框代表人類創(chuàng)造的文明,圓圈和方框相連,代表人與自然要和諧統(tǒng)一,麗江古城就是人與自然和諧統(tǒng)一的杰作。
右邊的這些石刻稱得上是麗江的“清明上河圖”,是一幅濃郁的納西風(fēng)情畫。
我們腳下是“巴格圖”,是納西先民根據(jù)五行學(xué)說創(chuàng)造的,東巴祭司常用它來定方位和占卜等。
小黎在古城給大家講了那么多,大家也看了那么多,但是馬上就要進(jìn)入古城了,怎么就沒有看到城門呢?其實(shí)各位嘉賓是看不到的,這也是麗江古城的一奇,即看不到城門,也看不到城墻,因?yàn)楣懦歉緵]有城墻和城門,因?yàn)榧{西族的頭領(lǐng)姓“木”,如果建了城墻和城門就變成了“困”字,所以古城沒有城墻,也沒有城門了。
各位嘉賓心目中一定有這樣一個(gè)問題,象這樣的古城在中國(guó)有的是,為什么這個(gè)高原上的偏僻的古城竟被評(píng)上呢?想要得到答案,各位嘉賓請(qǐng)隨小黎一同去游覽一翻。
一條小巷、一戶人家,一不小心你就站在了一百年的歷史上了,這種感覺,在路上、在各個(gè)庭院中,您隨處都能感受到。
所以這座古城不是因?yàn)榕膽蚧蚴枪逝摱ǖ?,是一座真?shí)的活著的古城,不信您看看腳下,您就會(huì)覺得比剛才走的路光滑多了,一塊塊的五花石板,象是有許多碎石沾在一起,但它是一種麗江特有的樂角巖,采自周圍的山上,因?yàn)槲孱伭援?dāng)?shù)厝朔Q五花石,人行馬踏,經(jīng)過幾百年,磨得光滑透亮,雨水一流,詩(shī)意就在你腳下了,這條街就叫新華街。
在街道兩旁,偶爾會(huì)看到一些人家門上貼有不同顏色的對(duì)聯(lián),納西人有人仙逝,都要紀(jì)念三年,第一年白聯(lián)黑字,第二年綠聯(lián)黑字,第三年貼對(duì)聯(lián),這是納西人對(duì)死去親人的懷念,經(jīng)過一些林立的鋪面,清澈的河水,小橋垂柳便印入大家眼簾,而在各位都沒有見過的這么清澈的河邊看到了一排排的桌椅和一陣陣的音樂傳入耳中,這便是客人所謂的“洋人街”,但這條街上的鋪面并非洋人所開,這里的酒吧又書生氣的,有叛逆性的,有純生意性的,各人可各取所需。
城市里的人到麗江“充電”的方便之處就是在酒吧找感覺,尤其以外國(guó)人為多。
有就有朋友,有小橋流水,只要不醉,人生是可找到一刻逍遙的。
在經(jīng)過酒吧街之后便看到了一座小石橋,因?yàn)樵缦仍谶@里賣豌豆,所以稱為豌豆橋,橋西的小門樓便是科貢坊,科貢坊的名于坊后小巷,清朝嘉慶年間,巷內(nèi)楊家有兩兄弟同時(shí)中舉,到道光年間,弟弟又中舉,此事是麗江人得意之事,官府為了表彰楊家,激勵(lì)來者,特立此坊。
“麗君從來喜植樹,山城無(wú)處不飛花”,麗江男人一生有三件大事:蓋房子、娶媳婦、曬太陽(yáng)。
麗江男人對(duì)種花、養(yǎng)鳥、寫字、畫畫、打麻將有著特別的嗜好和特別多的時(shí)間,男人擅長(zhǎng)一切在院內(nèi)的活動(dòng),除此之外,他們最愛的一項(xiàng)戶外活動(dòng)便是坐客,而納西女人一年當(dāng)中只有在大年初一才能睡一天的懶覺。
從“盼吉妹”到“阿奶”眨眼的功夫卻單純只有兩個(gè)字“勤勞”,納西女人從早到晚干活,從體力活到小生意,從收拾田地到殺豬,從縫補(bǔ)衣服到生火做飯,個(gè)個(gè)像下凡的仙女,而男人們則閑了下來,這一閑就不得了。
納西人中文人輩出,令人目不暇接,不能不說是納西女人養(yǎng)出了納西文化。
納西族善于學(xué)習(xí)也可反映在古城的民居建筑上。
古城民居在廣泛吸收漢、藏、白等民族建筑風(fēng)格的同時(shí),也把本民族的建筑文化和審美意識(shí)融于其中,形成了許多具有納西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一進(jìn)數(shù)院等建筑風(fēng)格,并在門樓、前廊的設(shè)置和天井鋪地、六合門及其裝飾等方面形成了濃郁的地方特色和民族特色。
如果問四合院里哪一部份最富有特色,那就是堂屋的六合門和六合門上的窗蕊?“四季博古”。
雖說這些也是學(xué)習(xí)漢、藏、白等民族文化的結(jié)果。
但是到了現(xiàn)在,已沒有哪一個(gè)民族像納西族這樣每家都必有六合門和“四季博古”。
您看這六合門,可裝可卸,方便靈活,開則為門,閉則為窗。
平時(shí)只開中間兩扇,如遇家中有紅、白事客人較多,行走不方便時(shí),則六扇門均可卸下。
六合門上所雕的窗蕊稱為“四季博古”,構(gòu)圖上用名花異卉,吉鳥瑞獸、美好典故,以此寄托納西人民四季吉祥、福祿壽喜、耕讀傳家的美好意愿。
大家看到這六扇門上都有各自不同的圖案,這是“松鶴同春”、寓“春”和“壽”,這是“喜鵲爭(zhēng)梅”、寓“冬”和“喜”,這是“鷹立菊叢”、寓“秋”和“?!?,這是“鷺鷥天蓮”、寓“夏”和“祿”,這是“孔雀玉蘭”、“錦雞牡丹”,請(qǐng)大家都想想看它們都分別代表了什么寓意。
穿過了五一街便看到了許多小橋,在我們腳下這座小石橋大家不防坐下來休息一下,看到橋旁“百歲坊”字樣,不難猜測(cè)這就是百歲坊,試想一下百歲坊的由來,一般人都會(huì)想百歲坊老人有關(guān),這就對(duì)了。
第四篇:云南麗江英文導(dǎo)游詞
How do you do! Today we are going to visit the ancient city of Lijiang. I hope you can leave a good memory in the ancient city of Lijiang!
Dear tourists, we are walking around Lijiang ancient city. Look, we are surrounded by numerous Naxi style houses, clear stream country lane, small bridges like rainbow across the stream, and rows of weeping willows swaying in the breeze. Whats better! Lets go ahead with me and look at the ancient city on both sides. There are many kinds of goods in the shops, especially the bright copper wares, which are always praised by the tourists. OK, lets enjoy it slowly. Dont fall behind!
Tourists, do you know that Lijiang has been an important political and economic center since ancient times? The Mufu of Lijiang on Sifang street is a witness of Lijiangs history. When it comes to Mufu, it is said that Lijiangs hereditary chieftain is the surname of Mufu. If the word "Mufu" is framed, it will be trapped. Because of taboos, Mufu will not set up walls. Xu Xiake, a Chinese traveler in Ming Dynasty, once wrote in his travels to Lijiang that "the palace is beautiful, and it is intended to be the king" and "the community of private houses and the rows of tile houses" are the portraits of the prosperous landscape of Lijiangs old capital in those days.
Dear tourists, todays one-day tour of Lijiang ancient capital is coming to an end. Do you have a good time? Also pay attention to environmental protection, do not litter. Hope to be a tour guide for you next time!
第五篇:云南麗江導(dǎo)游詞
麗江古城是一座具有較高綜合價(jià)值和整體價(jià)值的歷史文化名城,集中體現(xiàn)了地方歷史文化和民族風(fēng)俗風(fēng)情,體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的本質(zhì)特征。麗江古城是具有重要意義的少數(shù)民族傳統(tǒng)聚居地,它的存在為人類城市建設(shè)史的研究、人類民族發(fā)展史的研究提供了寶貴資料。
1.麗江古城歷史悠久,兼有水鄉(xiāng)之容、山城之貌,作為有悠久歷史的少數(shù)民族城市,從城市總體布局到工程、建筑融漢、白、彝、藏各民族精華,自具納西族獨(dú)特風(fēng)采。古城多元文化相互融合的文化價(jià)值是研究中國(guó)城市建設(shè)史、建筑史、文化史不可多得的重要遺產(chǎn),體現(xiàn)了特定歷史條件下的城鎮(zhèn)建筑中所特有的人類創(chuàng)造精神和進(jìn)步意義
2.麗江古城體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)古代城市建設(shè)的成就,建筑物的依山就水、錯(cuò)落有致的設(shè)計(jì)藝術(shù)在中國(guó)現(xiàn)存古城中為罕見的,是納西族先民根據(jù)民族傳統(tǒng)和環(huán)境再創(chuàng)造的結(jié)果。
3.麗江古城民居是中國(guó)民居中具有鮮明特色和風(fēng)格的類型之一,麗江古城民居在布局、結(jié)構(gòu)和造型方面按自身的具體條件和傳統(tǒng)生活習(xí)慣,在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間和特定的區(qū)域里對(duì)納西民族的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。部分遺產(chǎn)價(jià)值為人類己消逝的文明或文化傳統(tǒng)提供著獨(dú)特的歷史見證。
4.麗江古城是自然美與人工美,藝術(shù)與適用經(jīng)濟(jì)的有機(jī)統(tǒng)一體,麗江古城是古城風(fēng)貌整體保存完好的典范。古城所包涵的藝術(shù)來源于納西人民對(duì)生活的深刻理解,是地方民族文化技術(shù)交流融匯的產(chǎn)物,是中華民族寶貴建筑遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。為傳統(tǒng)人類居住地、土地使用提供了杰出范例,為人類社會(huì)文明進(jìn)程中處理人類與環(huán)境的相互作用提供了研究參考。
5.麗江古城是研究人類文化發(fā)展的重要史料,麗江古城包容著豐富的民族傳統(tǒng)文化,集中體現(xiàn)納西民族的興旺與發(fā)展,是研究人類文化發(fā)展的重要史料。