千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞(優(yōu)秀范文五篇)》,但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞(優(yōu)秀范文五篇)》。
第一篇:麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞3
Dear visitors, everybody is good, very glad to be your tour guide, my name is dai, you can call me wear guide, today we're visiting place ─ ─ of lijiang.
You come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. Lijiang has the dual nature and culture charm known as forget time, also known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is China's famous historical and cultural city not only in the ancient city wall. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers. Now we came to the tiger leaping gorge.
There is a legend. Nu river, lancang river and jinsha river is the three sisters, sister nujiang love angry, two elder sister love try so hard, the lancang river three younger sister jinshajiang wanxian. Parents would send three sisters marry to the west, jinsha river dark about two sisters fled to south. Came to the town of lijiang, shek kwu, two sisters would continue to head south, jinsha river is determined to go to the east of the sun, just say goodbye to my sister, and turned toward the east, and formed the "Yangtze river first bay". Parents send yulong, khabarov brothers pursuit of the three sisters. Sit face to face two brothers came to lijiang white sands, blocking the way to the east. Run tired, two people take turns to wait agreement, who as French WenZhan let sisters. Turn khabarov waiting, yulong fell asleep.
Jinsha river before, put light footsteps, singing beautiful hypnosis. Her a gift for 18 teams, khabarov listen also fell asleep. Jinsha river from their feet slipped between the past. Yulong wake up and see the jinsha river ran to the east, early and khabarov still in a deep sleep, so we have to according to the French cut down khabarov head, turns back and wept bitterly. Two brothers turned to jade dragon snow mountain and haba snow mountain, khabarov head into a boulder fell into the river, tiger leaping gorge, and jinsha river sing eighteen song into 18 beach, tiger leaping gorge.
第二篇:麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞
Hello everyone! Welcome everyone to visit and play in the ancient city of Lijiang known as the "World Heritage".
With the lingering jade spring water, we came to the ancient city of Lijiang known as "Plateau Gusu" and "Oriental Venice". The ancient city of Lijiang is also called Dayan Town. It is one of the four best preserved ancient cities and the only one without walls. why? It is said that the oldest surname of the ruler in Lijiang was "wood". If the "wood" was framed, it became "sleepy", so no wall was built for the ancient city.
An ancient city was formed in the late Southern Song Dynasty. It has a long cultural history of more than 800 years. It covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers and has a resident population of about 30,000 people. It became a national historical and cultural city in 1986, and was included in the world cultural heritage in 1997. In addition to the characteristics of "little bridges, flowing water, and others" in the ancient city of Lijiang, the ancient city of Lijiang is also unique in the location of the ancient city, the layout of streets and houses, and the Naxi houses.
Look! This is a pair of waterwheels. Some people call it a "son-mother waterwheel" and some people call it a "lover waterwheel". At the bottom right of it is President Jiang Zemins inscription.
Look! The old Naxi man, wearing a traditional blue national costume and a red army cap, was taking a leisurely walk! Waving to us.
Cool! It turned out to be the spring water sprayed from the water dragon column behind him. The dragon is a pipe of water. The wooden buildings in the ancient city are most afraid of fire, but water can overcome the fire. This water dragon column indicates that the ancient city is not allowed to catch fire. For thousands of years, people here have guarded this beautiful ancient city. Visitors are also invited to take care of the ancient city, do not throw litter, and protect the environment.
There is also a special custom in the ancient city of Lijiang, that is to put river lights. It is said that the river lantern is an ancient custom. It is said that every night, the dragon king of Heilongtan will tour the ancient city along the river and put a river lantern, which not only protects the safety of the ancient city, but also enables himself and his family to be protected by the dragon king, and In the coming days, good luck and wishful thinking come true. After listening to this legend, lets quickly put a river lantern on and make a wish!
Now, we have come to the most famous street in Lijiang Old Town-Sifang Street. This square street is staggered like a cobweb, with one exit for each of southeast, northwest. The ground of the street is paved with colorful stones, and it is very strong. When you step on it with your feet, you will make a very clear sound. Sifang Street is very prosperous, and the inns on the street are not the same. If you go around the inn a few times, you will definitely know the difference between these inns.
Visitors, there are beautiful sceneries everywhere in Lijiang Old Town. I can’t say enough, I hope you will like these sceneries. Everyone is welcome to come again next time! Goodbye!
第三篇:麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞范文
Everybody is good! I am your tour of lijiang tour guide. I am very glad to be with you the happy time together! My name is zhang. You can call me a guide.
Please come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. I'll give you a brief introduction of lijiang. Lijiang also known as dayan town, is located in the middle of lijiang dam, known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is the only ancient city without walls in China's famous historical and cultural city. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers, the ancient times is known fairs and towns. The ancient city of existing residents 6200 households, 25000 people. Among them, the naxi nationality for the vast majority of the population, 30% of the residents are still engaged in produced with copper, silver, fur, leather, textiles, brewing traditional handicraft industry and business activities.
Ok, now you give me into the city to see.
Lijiang is an ancient city without walls, dayan ancient city is a strong cultural atmosphere of the town.
Lijiang ancient and the street of the city of mountain was built, mostly covered with red breccia, the rainy season will not muddy, also won't fly ash of the dry season, the stone patterns of natural elegance. Look, smooth and clean green flag road, completely hand-built civil housing structure, ubiquitous Bridges.
第四篇:麗江古城英文導(dǎo)游詞
Dear visitors. Everybody is good! I am your tour of lijiang tour guide. I am very glad to be with you the happy time together! My name is zhang. You can call me a guide.
Please come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. I'll give you a brief introduction of lijiang. Lijiang also known as dayan town, is located in the middle of lijiang dam, known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is the only ancient city without walls in China's famous historical and cultural city. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers, the ancient times is known fairs and towns. The ancient city of existing residents 6200 households, 25000 people. Among them, the naxi nationality for the vast majority of the population, 30% of the residents are still engaged in produced with copper, silver, fur, leather, textiles, brewing traditional handicraft industry and business activities.
Ok, now you give me into the city to see.
Lijiang is an ancient city without walls, dayan ancient city is a strong cultural atmosphere of the town.
Lijiang ancient and the street of the city of mountain was built, mostly covered with red breccia, the rainy season will not muddy, also won't fly ash of the dry season, the stone patterns of natural elegance. Look, smooth and clean green flag road, completely hand-built civil housing structure, ubiquitous Bridges.
Is in front of the old city center square street. Full of beautiful things in this arts and crafts. Sentiment towards prosperity. Shouldn't have come to city square street. Large water wheel on the border between ancient city and new city is the symbol of the ancient city of lijiang, near the ancient city of large water wheel has a large screen, daily broadcast songs is the special features of the most popular songs, including "naxi net to" is one of the more famous songs. Now let's take a picture give you ten minutes, you must feel good!
In lijiang ancient city, built 354 Bridges, the density of the average per 93 square kilometers. Shape, a variety of Bridges, a famous cui bridge, a lock in...
Lijiang ancient town of mu's residence was hereditary wood's yamen toast. Five phoenix tower was built in the Ming dynasty wanli twenty-nine years (AD 1601), the building of which was 20 metres high. Because of its architectural form like five flying colourful feng, so the name "the five-phoenix towers". There is white sand local-style dwelling houses building, a group of beam river residential buildings... For a moment you free for a visit.
Lijiang has a long history, natural style. City layout strewn at random have send, already have mountain view, and abound of lasting appeal. Lijiang residence is harmony the han, bai, yi, Tibetan ethnic essence, and has a unique style of the naxi nationality, is very unique!!!!
Today it is the end of the journey, I wish you all a pleasant journey.
各位游客們。大家好!我是你們游覽麗江古城 的導(dǎo)游。我很高興能與大家共渡這快樂時(shí)光!我姓張。大家可以叫我張導(dǎo)游。
請(qǐng)大家跟我來。這里是麗江古城 。我先給大家簡單介紹一下麗江古城 。麗江古城 又名大研鎮(zhèn),坐落在麗江壩中部,稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”之一。它是中國歷史文化名城中唯一沒有城墻的古城。麗江古城 地處云貴高原,海拔2400余米,全城面積達(dá)3。8平方公里,自古就是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的集市和重鎮(zhèn)。古城現(xiàn)有居民6200多戶,25000余人。其中,納西族占總?cè)丝诮^大多數(shù),有30%的居民仍在從事以銅銀器制作、皮毛皮革、紡織、釀造業(yè)為主的傳統(tǒng)手工業(yè)和商業(yè)活動(dòng)。
好了,現(xiàn)在大家跟我進(jìn)古城看看。
麗江古城 是一座沒有城墻的古城,大研古城是一座具有濃烈人文氣息的小城。
麗江古城 內(nèi)的街道依山傍水修建,鋪的大多都是紅色角礫巖,雨季不會(huì)泥濘、旱季也不會(huì)飛灰,石上花紋圖案自然雅致???,光滑潔凈的青石板路、完全手工建造的土木結(jié)構(gòu)的房屋、無處不在的小橋流水。
前面就是古城中心的四方街了。這里工藝品琳瑯滿目。人氣興旺。來古城沒有不來四方街的。位于古城與新城交界處的大水車是麗江古城 的標(biāo)志,古城大水車旁有一塊大屏幕,每日播放的歌曲即是古城最受歡迎最有特色的歌曲,其中《納西凈地》是較為出名的歌曲之一?,F(xiàn)在給大家十分鐘拍個(gè)照吧,你一定感覺很好的!
在麗江古城 區(qū),修建有橋梁354座,其密度為平均每平方公里93座。橋梁的形制多種多樣,較著名的有鎖翠橋、大石橋……
古城內(nèi)的木府原為麗江世襲土司木氏的衙署。五鳳樓始建于明代萬歷二十九年(公元1601年),樓高20米。因其建筑形制酷似五只飛來的彩鳳,故名“五鳳樓”。這里還有白沙民居建筑、群束河民居建筑群……一會(huì)大家自由參觀吧。
麗江古城 歷史悠久,古樸自然。城市布局錯(cuò)落有致,既具有山城風(fēng)貌,又富于水鄉(xiāng)韻味。麗江民居既融和了漢、白、彝、藏各民族精華,又有納西族的獨(dú)特風(fēng)采,很獨(dú)特吧!
今天的旅途到此結(jié)束了,祝大家旅途愉快。
第五篇:河南開封府導(dǎo)游詞
開封府,位于河南省開封市包公東湖北岸,是北宋京都官吏行政、司法的衙署,被譽(yù)為天下首府,是國家AAAA級(jí)旅游景區(qū)。以下是小編整理的導(dǎo)游詞,希望對(duì)大家有幫助!河南開封府導(dǎo)游詞1
游客朋友們:大家好!歡迎大家來到七朝古都開封參觀旅游,我是xx旅行社的導(dǎo)游員小陳。旁邊這位是我們的安全大使,也姓陳,大家可以親切的稱呼他老陳。那接下來大家在開封的旅行就由我們大小二陳為大家服務(wù)了,有什么需要盡管提出來,我們會(huì)盡力做好。您的滿意就是對(duì)我們工作的最大肯定。在此,我們預(yù)祝大家游得盡興,玩得開心。
下面我們簡單了解一下古都開封;開封市位于河南省中部偏東北。古稱大梁、汴京。春秋鄭莊公派人在此筑“倉城”,定名啟封。漢代為避景帝劉啟諱,改啟為開這就是開封得名的由來。戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期魏國、五代時(shí)期后梁、后晉、后漢、后周和北宋、金七個(gè)朝代在此建都,有“七朝都會(huì)”之稱。明、清稱開封府?,F(xiàn)為地級(jí)市,是國務(wù)院首批公布的24座歷史文化名城之一,是河南省的糧、棉生產(chǎn)基地。手工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá),尤以汴繡和汴綢著名。旅游資源豐富,古剎名寺、文物古跡遍布境內(nèi)。風(fēng)味小吃,品種繁多,是豫菜的正宗發(fā)源地。
在開封市風(fēng)光秀麗的包公東胡北岸,有一片紅墻碧瓦的宋式建筑群,它氣勢恢弘,巍峨壯觀,十分引人注目,這就是我們今天的目的地、當(dāng)年包龍圖治理京師的地方是北宋開封府。開封府又稱南衙,初建于五代后梁開平元年,距今已有1000多年的歷史。在歷代的官府中以北宋開封府規(guī)模最為宏大,是北宋管理國都及京畿地區(qū)的重要機(jī)構(gòu),相當(dāng)于今天的北京市政府,地位非常顯赫。
開封府作為位居首都的”天下首府”,曾有過160余年的輝煌,宋太宗、宋真宗、宋欽宗三位皇帝當(dāng)皇帝之前都曾在這里當(dāng)過府尹,并且先后有寇準(zhǔn)。包拯、歐陽修、范仲淹、蘇軾、司馬光等一大批杰出人物在此任職,不僅樹立了”公生明”“清、慎、勤”的道德正氣,也形成了以”廉政剛毅”為鮮明特色的開封府官衙文化。開封府也以此深得民心,名垂青史。成為四海文明的中國古代官衙。我們現(xiàn)在所看到的開封府,是以開封府為原形重新修建的主題文化景區(qū),占地60余畝,建筑面積1。4萬平方米,與位于包公西湖的包公祠遙相呼應(yīng),形成了”東府西祠”樓閣碧水的壯麗景觀,
在建筑形式上開封府依照李誡的《營造法式》修建,布局歸整,莊重典雅,高挑的屋脊,精細(xì)的彩繪,處處體現(xiàn)了宋代的建筑風(fēng)格。它以府門、正廳、議事廳、梅花堂為中軸線,輔以天慶觀。明禮院。潛龍宮。清心樓。牢獄。英武樓。
迎賓館等五十余座大小殿堂。樓宇。根據(jù)陳展內(nèi)容的不同,分九個(gè)展區(qū):1、以鳴冤鼓,戒石銘,大堂為主題的府衙文化區(qū)。
2、以梅花堂包拯倒坐南衙為主題的包拯傳說文化區(qū)。
3、以太極八卦臺(tái)。三清殿為主題的道教文化區(qū)。
4、以典獄房。牢房為主題的刑獄文化區(qū)。
5、以桂籍堂。拱奎樓為主題的教育科舉文化區(qū)。
6、以英武樓,校場為主題的游藝文化區(qū)。
7、以清心樓歷任府尹事跡為主題的府尹人文文化區(qū)。
8、以宋太宗。宋真宗為主題的潛龍宮帝王文化區(qū)。
9、以范公閣。曲橋。明凈湖。弦月山為主題的休閑文化區(qū)。
好了,朋友們,開封府就要到了,請(qǐng)大家關(guān)好車窗,帶上隨身物品,準(zhǔn)備隨我下車。
【景區(qū)講解】
在開封府府門廣場前有一方照壁,南面是”開封府”三個(gè)大字,北面是一只似鹿非鹿。似羊非羊的怪獸,目光炯炯,拭目以待,名叫獬豸(xie zhi),這是傳說中的神獸,據(jù)說能辨別是非曲直,善惡忠奸。在這里刻上獬豸圖案,是為了警示官員要秉公執(zhí)法,依法行政。假若徇私枉法,這個(gè)獬豸就會(huì)把他抵到十八層地獄。
開封府的城門樓充分顯示出宋代的開封府作為天下首府的非凡氣派,從這里看開封府衙,巍峨壯觀。您除了能看到報(bào)時(shí)鼓,報(bào)時(shí)鐘,日晷,高表,漏壺等我國古代計(jì)時(shí)計(jì)日的設(shè)施,每天上午九時(shí)還能在府門城樓上欣賞莊重而嚴(yán)肅的開衙儀式,別有一番風(fēng)景。
登上城門樓,我們腳下的文城墻是開封府的一奇。說它奇主要是一般的城墻都是馬道和防衛(wèi)設(shè)施,而這里的城墻卻是文縐縐的,既無馬道,也無防衛(wèi)設(shè)施,為什么呢?這里面還有一個(gè)小故事:據(jù)說宋代的開國皇帝趙匡胤的弟弟趙光義(也就是后來的宋太宗)做開封府府尹時(shí),為掩蓋他想當(dāng)皇帝的念頭,故意不在城墻上設(shè)置防衛(wèi)。所以城墻也就有了天下獨(dú)一無二的名字叫文城墻,至于趙光義后來當(dāng)上皇帝那就是后話了。
進(jìn)入開封府大門,可以看到左右兩邊各有一個(gè)碑亭,分別立有和。東邊的是開封府的鎮(zhèn)府之寶,碑上記載著從公元960年至1105年這145年間183任知府的名字。官職。上離任等情況,其中就包括包拯。找來找去怎么不見包拯的名字呢?瞧!在這兒呢!原來在碑正中偏右的位置有處淺淺的凹痕,上面的自己已經(jīng)磨光,隱約能看到包拯兩字的筆畫,幾百年來,老百姓每到碑前都要用手指觸摸他的名字,天長日久便留下了這道深深的指痕。
豎立在正廳院里的巨石是”戒石銘”銘石南面鐫刻”公生明”三個(gè)大字,意在提醒官員只有公正,才能明察秋毫,清正廉明,北面刻的是”爾奉爾祿,民脂民膏;下民易虐,上天難欺”。意在告戒官員要潔身自好,為官一任,造福一方。把戒石銘作為官簽豎立在府衙之內(nèi),始于北宋,也是我國政治制度史的首例。
經(jīng)過戒石銘,便是開封府的正廳,又稱大堂,廳事。是開封府長官發(fā)布政令,處理政務(wù)以及舉行重大活動(dòng),審理要案的地方。大堂莊嚴(yán)肅穆,”清政廉明”的匾額昭然天下,”肅靜””回避”虎頭牌列在公案兩側(cè)。特別是大堂前擺放的龍頭、虎頭、狗頭三口銅鍘讓人望而生畏。
梅花堂坐落在一個(gè)梅花飄香的四合小院之中。包拯每天處理完訴訟案件后,就下令打開府衙后門,允許百姓直入府內(nèi)訴說冤情,這樣一來,老百姓告狀從后門要比從府門進(jìn)入大堂要方便的多,因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)開的是后門,所以人們都稱包公”倒坐南衙”,堂內(nèi)有一組蠟像,真實(shí)再現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)包拯倒坐南衙。聽民訴訟。為民伸冤的場景。
我們現(xiàn)在看到的是潛龍宮,是宋仁宗為紀(jì)念他的父親宋真宗曾任開封府尹而建造的。潛龍宮前身為射堂,是太宗為真宗修建的習(xí)箭之地。后來,仁宗將真宗任開封府尹時(shí)辦公居住的廨舍修成了潛龍宮。府衙內(nèi)設(shè)宮,開封府是全國唯一。
現(xiàn)在我們看到的是天慶觀。也許有人會(huì)問,一個(gè)衙門內(nèi)怎么會(huì)有道觀呢?這也是開封府的一奇。大家知道,北宋幾位皇帝都崇信道教。宋真宗當(dāng)政時(shí)曾下令全國所有的州縣都要建立天慶觀。當(dāng)時(shí)開封府兼管全國的佛、道教事宜,既然是“圣上有旨”,當(dāng)然更得率先垂范。但因京城人口稠密,一時(shí)找不到合適的地方,就在開封府內(nèi)辟出一塊地方建起了這座道觀,既把它作為本府崇奉道教的圣地,又把它作為開封府管理全國佛、道兩教事務(wù)的管理機(jī)構(gòu)和官員辦公場所,其功能,地位大概與今天的全國佛教協(xié)會(huì)、道教協(xié)會(huì)相仿。
在開封府游覽,不僅能看到宏偉的宋式建筑,大批珍貴史料以及有關(guān)軼事的陳展還能欣賞到精彩的文藝表演。府門前的《開衙儀式》是迎賓節(jié)目。通過開衙來表示開封府的威嚴(yán)肅穆,表演以皇帝下旨的形式贊揚(yáng)包公的豐功偉績,而包公的出場亮相則將該表演推向了高潮。
演武場迎賓是精心為游客準(zhǔn)備的又一演出節(jié)目,每日上午和下午在演武場表演:“破陣金鼓”“豪邁奔放,聲震中天”“兵器演練”“龍騰虎躍,刀光劍影”“變臉噴火”精彩絕倫,令人目不暇接,“旗陣演練”變幻莫測,暗藏玄機(jī),宮廷舞蹈“踏歌”更始鶯歌燕舞,飄逸瀟灑……整個(gè)演出精彩紛呈,令人嘆為觀止。展現(xiàn)了大宋王朝鼎盛時(shí)期“萬國咸通,八荒爭湊”的繁榮昌盛景象,在演出場地還為游客安排了同包大人合影的機(jī)會(huì)。
朋友們。開封府的講解就到這里,給大家30分鐘時(shí)間自由游覽和攝影留念。11:40我們將在大門口集合。謝謝!
河南開封府導(dǎo)游詞2各位游客,大家好!
現(xiàn)在您所看到的開封府,是以宋代的開封府衙為原型修建的文化游覽區(qū),占地四公頃,樓堂五十余。其中有以梅花堂為主體的包公傳說文化區(qū)、有以府司西獄為主體的刑獄文化區(qū)、有以明禮院為主體的科舉文化區(qū)還有號(hào)稱天下獨(dú)一無二的文城墻景區(qū)和以潛龍宮為主體的帝王生活文化區(qū),在挺拔的清心樓上,您還能指點(diǎn)評(píng)說當(dāng)年200余位北宋開封府知府、府尹的雄才大略和歷史功過。
各位朋友,我們現(xiàn)在看到的就是開封府的城墻了,說道城墻大家就會(huì)想到它的為了防御敵人攻擊而修筑的,因而它應(yīng)該是以武備、軍事為特色,可是宋代的開封府衙的城墻,卻是叫做“文城墻”,這是因?yàn)楸彼螘r(shí),宋王朝極力推行“重文抑武”政策,努力強(qiáng)化中央集權(quán),嚴(yán)禁地方官府修筑城墻,以免地方政權(quán)恃武抗上。什么叫做“重文抑武”政策呢?就是盡量重用文人,嚴(yán)密控制、限制武人的意思??邕^府門,我們就來到了大廳。俗稱“廳事”,這里是北宋開封府衙的核心,也是歷任各級(jí)開封府官吏的主要場所。北宋開封府機(jī)構(gòu)龐大,官員眾多。府尹一人總領(lǐng)府事,掌管京師的民政、司法、捕捉盜賊、賦役、戶口等政務(wù)。
從大堂出來我們看到的這座典雅的建筑是齊民堂。據(jù)文獻(xiàn)記載,齊民,就是平民的意思。北宋開封府齊民堂,取“以民為本”之意。穿過齊民堂,我們來到了這座臘梅飄香的四合小院。正廳的建筑為梅花堂,說起梅花堂,還有一段典故!包拯一生為官清廉,執(zhí)法嚴(yán)明,但卻與“開后門”有著不解之緣。
相傳,包拯在實(shí)行廢“牌司”、開正門改革之后京城百姓紛紛拍手稱快,告狀的人越來越多,每天上班處理不完訴訟案件,包拯于是下令,打開府衙的后門,允許百姓任何時(shí)間,都可以直入府內(nèi)訴說冤情。而我們面前的梅花堂相傳就是包拯當(dāng)年打開的后門,便服問案的地方了!
宋代實(shí)行“重文輕武”政策,教育和科舉管理,是開封府的一項(xiàng)重要職責(zé)。為了便于處理京城學(xué)子的教育、科舉、集會(huì)、慶典等事務(wù),根據(jù)“禮義明則家國興”的傳統(tǒng)理論,專門在開封府內(nèi)建立了明禮院,作為舉子進(jìn)行科舉解試和臨時(shí)性講學(xué)、集會(huì)的場所。
我們進(jìn)入明禮院首先會(huì)看到一座拱奎樓,它的上層供奉的是主管科舉考試的天神“魁星”,而且這個(gè)四合院其它建筑都比“拱奎樓”要低,顯出眾星拱月之勢,那麼咱各位再來看說明牌:狀元及第,金榜奪魁,是宋朝人的美好愿望,因而開封府特別把這座用于解試的考場稱為拱奎樓。各位朋友家里如果有正在求學(xué)的人,您可以代他拜拜魁星,會(huì)給他帶來好運(yùn)的。相當(dāng)年,北宋的開封府,因?yàn)橛羞@個(gè)魁星保佑,曾經(jīng)出過二十多名狀元呢!
各位朋友下面咱們?nèi)⒂^開封府內(nèi)最高的一座建筑—清心樓,這是一座外四內(nèi)七的建筑層。里邊一樓大廳供奉的是一尊包大人的銅站像,他是國內(nèi)最高最大的銅站像了,他重5.8噸。東墻上刻著一首五言銘志詩:清心為治本,直道是身謀,秀干終成棟,精鋼不做鉤,倉充鼠雀喜,草盡兔狐愁,史冊(cè)有遺訓(xùn),無貽來者羞!這首詩表明了包公的愿望和理想,包拯在做開封府長官時(shí)也確實(shí)是按照這首詩來做的,所以被百姓稱為包青天。好了各位朋友接下來有興趣的話可以到樓上參觀一下,上面有歷代的開封府長官的簡介和北宋的服裝。
在開封府的西北角有一個(gè)道觀天慶觀。請(qǐng)大家首先來看一下這個(gè)宏大的“五岳真形圖”。這是根據(jù)中華五岳的山脈縱橫、高低盤曲、云林流水之像繪制而成的,是道觀中必備的經(jīng)典圖案?,F(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入天慶觀去了解道教的三清尊神,首先映入我們眼簾的是太極八卦臺(tái),它幾乎占滿整個(gè)庭院。太極八卦是道教表現(xiàn)宇宙、哲學(xué)、社會(huì)思想的經(jīng)典圖案,具有非常豐富的文化內(nèi)涵。本臺(tái)中間為代表演化不止的混遠(yuǎn)太極(時(shí)間和兩儀),其次是代表空間四象,外圍是代表世界萬物的八卦,構(gòu)成了一副宇宙圖景。道士們認(rèn)為在圖上連內(nèi)丹之功,能迅速使自己融入宇宙浩氣之中,達(dá)到天人合一、超凡脫俗的境界。咱們?cè)倏吹澜虒m觀的主體建筑—三清殿,里邊供奉的是三清尊神:中間這位是元始天尊,左手虛拈,右手虛捧。象征著“無極”,即天地未形、萬象未生時(shí)。他左邊的靈寶天尊,雙手斜捧一個(gè)陰陽魚圓鏡。象征從無極中剛衍生出“太極”。右邊的道德天尊,雙手執(zhí)一把繪有變型陰陽魚圖案和八卦紋飾的宮扇。象征著太極化生世界萬物萬靈。
最后我們要游覽北宋開封府的一個(gè)非常特別的文化區(qū),府司西獄文化區(qū)。
低矮的牢房內(nèi)部,上有鐵絲網(wǎng),墻是流沙墻,犯人如果想挖墻逃跑,會(huì)被墻壁里的流沙淹沒致死。“府司西獄”是開封府的刑獄文化區(qū),坐落在開封府的西南角。它主要包括:獄神廟、典獄房、男牢、女牢、男死牢、女死牢。宋代的開封府的府司西獄只是臨時(shí)關(guān)押犯罪嫌疑人和證人以便提審的地方,相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在的拘留所,嫌犯在這里關(guān)押最長不能超過40天,一旦判過刑之后,除了死刑犯會(huì)在這里關(guān)幾天,等待皇帝的審批之外,其他犯人一般都會(huì)立即送走服刑。據(jù)說北宋的司法制度要比歐洲早500多年呢。府司西獄中,設(shè)有獄神廟,供奉獄神皋陶。傳說他是古代具有神力的刑獄官,執(zhí)法公正,揚(yáng)善懲惡。無論是犯罪嫌疑人、證人、典獄官、獄吏以及其他各色人等,只要一進(jìn)牢獄這個(gè)院,都要先拜一下獄神,就是大宋皇帝來視察,也得先給皋陶拱拱手。需要說明的是從明朝開始,獄神由漢代的名相蕭何接任,所以,明朝以后的監(jiān)獄里,獄神就變成了蕭何。
好了咱各位朋友,開封府已經(jīng)講解完,給大家留出三十分鐘的自由活動(dòng)時(shí)間,三十分鐘后我們?cè)诼糜诬嚿弦姡覍Т蠹胰サ谝粯瞧穱L灌湯包子。祝愿大家玩得開心愉快!
河南開封府導(dǎo)游詞3歡迎大家到我們開封來,我是大家次此開封行的導(dǎo)游。
我們開封古城汴梁、汴京、東京,簡稱忭,是我國七大古都之一,先后有戰(zhàn)國時(shí)候的魏,五代時(shí)期的后梁、后晉、后漢、后周以及北宋和金定都于此,所以開封素有七朝都會(huì)之城,下面我就用七個(gè)一給大家介紹一下開封。
一個(gè)名臣的歸宿:開封有個(gè)包青天,鐵面無私辨忠奸,我想許多人都聽過這首歌。大家到開封旅游,自然而然就會(huì)想到北宋名相包拯,他曾擔(dān)任過我們開封開封知府,,在人們的心中他就是中國古代清官的象征。我們?cè)趨⒂^完清明上河圓后將去參觀包公祠。
一個(gè)王朝的輝煌,在開封歷史上建都的七個(gè)朝代中,以北宋建都時(shí)間最長,從公元960年到1127年,長達(dá)168年,也最繁榮。漢唐時(shí)間的長安不過四五十萬人,唐代洛陽也不過一百多萬人,而開封卻達(dá)到150萬人。而當(dāng)時(shí)倫敦、巴黎也就十幾萬人,被歐洲人稱為世界最大城市的大馬士革也只有50萬,經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮,人口增多,商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,使各國商人、使節(jié)、宗教人士不絕于途,中國的各種文明,包裹火藥、印刷術(shù)、造紙等由此傳向世界各地。經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮也促進(jìn)了文化的大發(fā)展,蘇軾、歐陽修、王安石、司馬光、柳永、李清照、張擇端都在各自的領(lǐng)域里各領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷。
一條大河的歷史,開封的發(fā)展與黃河密切相關(guān),開封的發(fā)展史可以說就是黃河的泛濫史,黃河穩(wěn)則開封盛,黃河泛則開封衰?,F(xiàn)在我們的腳下有五大都城遺址疊壓在一起,然后我們開封人重新在廢墟上建就是黃河泛濫一次就淹沒開封一次。五大古都遺址在二十平方公里土地上分布,只有我們開封的五城疊壓和洛陽的五都薈洛?,F(xiàn)在開封和黃河之間還有一個(gè)世界奇觀,那就是黃河懸河奇觀,黃河的河床要高出開封地面七米。
一朵鮮花的芬芳。這朵鮮花自然就是開封市花菊花,早在北宋時(shí)期,開封菊花便已馳名全國。1983年菊花被定為開封市花,從那以后每年的10月18日到11月18日,開封都要舉辦菊花花會(huì),屆時(shí)走進(jìn)開封的任何一個(gè)景點(diǎn),你仿佛進(jìn)入了一個(gè)菊花的海洋?,F(xiàn)在開封菊花和洛陽牡丹一樣成了省級(jí)花會(huì)。開封人愛菊花,不僅因?yàn)樗榔G,還因?yàn)樗愿駝倧?qiáng)耐寒傲雪,氣質(zhì)高潔。同時(shí)菊花也是開封人民堅(jiān)強(qiáng)不屈的意志品質(zhì)象征。回顧歷史,開封屢經(jīng)戰(zhàn)火,然而開封人民生生不息,自強(qiáng)自立,重建家園,這不正是菊花獨(dú)有的品質(zhì)么!
一池湖水的靈氣。北宋的楊家?guī)X大家都知道,是忠臣良將的代表。那么在開封有兩個(gè)湖,一個(gè)是楊家湖,一個(gè)是潘家湖,在民間流傳著這樣一個(gè)故事。楊湖清潘湖濁奸臣忠臣清濁分。說的是北宋一門英烈的揚(yáng)家將為國家立下汗馬功勞,但皇帝卻善惡不分,楊業(yè)被害后,佘老太君上金殿告御狀,但皇帝卻包庇奸臣,只免去潘仁美的三個(gè)虛職。佘老太君一怒之下,帶領(lǐng)全家罷官歸隱搬走后天降大雨將潘楊二府淹成一片汪洋。潘家所在地湖水渾濁惡臭,楊家湖水清澈,老百姓就認(rèn)為這是潘楊兩家對(duì)國忠奸寫照。所以一池湖水的靈氣,
一次艱難的復(fù)興。自北宋末年黃河淹沒開封以來,開封在也沒有昔日的繁榮,民國時(shí)期還是省會(huì)的開封,現(xiàn)在已被鄭州洛陽遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)拋在了身后。開封現(xiàn)轄五縣五區(qū),人口460萬,市區(qū)人口78萬。現(xiàn)在國家提出中部崛起戰(zhàn)略后省政府提出了發(fā)展中原城市群,實(shí)現(xiàn)鄭汴一體化。去年鄭汴大道的通車標(biāo)志著開封在鄭州的拉動(dòng)下,已經(jīng)踏上了重視昔日輝煌的快車。
一幅歷史的巨畫,就是張擇端的清明上河圖?,F(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)到達(dá)了清明上河園,請(qǐng)大家?guī)Ш秒S身攜帶物品隨我下車,一起領(lǐng)略這幅歷史的巨畫。
河南開封府導(dǎo)游詞4“開封府”為北宋時(shí)期天下首府,威名馳譽(yù)天下,包龍圖扶正祛邪、剛直不阿的美名傳于古今。一曲“包龍圖打坐在開封府”,令人蕩氣回腸,引起幾多瑕思神往。
“開封府”位于開封市包公湖東湖北岸,占地60余畝,建筑面積1.4萬平方米,氣勢恢弘,巍峨壯觀,與位于包公西湖的包公祠相互呼應(yīng),同碧波蕩漾的三池湖水相映襯,形成了“東府西祠”樓閣碧水的壯麗景觀。“開封府”依北宋>建造,以正廳(大堂)、議事廳、梅花堂為中軸線,輔以天慶觀、明禮院、潛龍宮、清心樓、牢獄、英武樓、寅賓館等五十余座大小殿堂。
根據(jù)陳展內(nèi)容的不同,大體可分為九個(gè)區(qū):一、以鳴冤鼓、戒石、大堂等為主體府衙文化區(qū);二、以梅花堂為主體的包拯傳說文化區(qū);三、以太極八卦臺(tái)、三清殿為主體的道教文化區(qū);四、以典獄房、牢獄為主體的刑獄文化區(qū);五、以拱奎樓、桂籍堂為主體的科舉教育文化區(qū);六、以英武樓、校場為主體的游藝文化區(qū);七、以清心樓歷任府尹事跡為主體的府尹人文文化區(qū);八、以潛龍宮宋太宗、宋真宗、宋欽宗的事跡為主體的帝王文化區(qū);九、以范公閣、曲橋、明鏡湖、弦月山為主體的休閑文化區(qū)。
作為主題景區(qū),“開封府”堅(jiān)持弘揚(yáng)中華民族創(chuàng)造的優(yōu)秀文化和歷史文明傳承,突出包公在府衙文化中的靈魂作用;堅(jiān)持動(dòng)靜結(jié)合、雅俗共賞、歷史與演義相映成趣的經(jīng)營理念。在開封府,不僅有宋太宗、宋真宗、宋欽宗由此登基,還有寇準(zhǔn)、包拯、歐陽修、范仲淹、蘇軾、司馬光、蘇頌、蔡襄、宗澤等一大批杰出的政治家、文學(xué)家、軍事家、書法家、科學(xué)家在此任職。
您除了能夠看到大批珍貴史料,軼事和陳展外,還能夠看到一身浩然正氣,清正剛毅,栩栩如生,目前世界上最大的包公銅像。根據(jù)專家考證,創(chuàng)編的再現(xiàn)宋代的開封府的“開衙儀式”、“包公斷案”、“包公演武場迎賓”和“榜前捉婿”、“噴火變臉”等豐富多彩并有游客參與的表演活動(dòng),讓您真切地體會(huì)到“游開封府,品味大宋文化;拜包龍圖,領(lǐng)略人間正氣”。