千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《四川概況的導(dǎo)游詞》，但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《四川概況的導(dǎo)游詞》。
第一篇：四川導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客：
大家好!歡迎大家來(lái)到瀘沽湖景區(qū)游覽，我是景區(qū)導(dǎo)游曉霞。今天我們將會(huì)安排游覽瀘沽湖的草海，情人橋，喇叭寺，晚上入住摩梭民居，舉行篝火晚會(huì)。提醒大家注意一下，在游覽過(guò)程中，請(qǐng)尊重當(dāng)?shù)氐拿褡屣L(fēng)俗。
我們現(xiàn)在所處的位置是草海。在這里，我先為大家講解一下瀘沽湖的概況。瀘沽湖位于四川省涼山州鹽源縣與云南省寧蒗縣的交界處，距西昌258公里，是省級(jí)的著名風(fēng)景區(qū)，并素有“東方女兒國(guó)”的美稱。另外它作為四川的第一大天然淡水湖，也被譽(yù)為“高原明珠”。
在瀘沽湖畔居住著一個(gè)古老的民族―C摩梭族?；蛟S有朋友會(huì)問(wèn)“中國(guó)的56個(gè)民族中有摩梭族嗎?”其實(shí)嚴(yán)格來(lái)講，摩梭族不是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的民族，它是屬于蒙古族和納西族的一個(gè)支系?？墒瞧У纳瞽h(huán)境使他們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)和文化上都逐漸形成一些獨(dú)特之處;因而，人們便習(xí)慣地稱他們?yōu)槟λ笕?，作為一個(gè)單獨(dú)的民族來(lái)看待。摩梭人世世代代住在這群山環(huán)繞的瀘沽湖畔，以母系社會(huì)的婚姻家庭繁衍生息，過(guò)著與世無(wú)爭(zhēng)的“世外桃源”生活。
好啦，朋友們!一路走來(lái)，現(xiàn)在大家面前有一坐木橋，橫跨草海的兩岸。這橋有個(gè)十分浪漫的名字―情人橋。據(jù)說(shuō)呢，在這個(gè)橋修建之前，草海兩岸的年輕男女要走婚是非常困難的，為了方便兩岸男女走婚，便有了這坐橋。這座橋也可以稱之為“天下第一愛(ài)情鵲橋”。所以在這里，祝愿天下有情人終成眷屬!大家可以在這兒拍下照留個(gè)影。
說(shuō)到情人橋，就不能不提到我們?yōu)o沽湖畔摩梭人所特有的婚姻習(xí)俗了。相信大家都知道，就是我們的“走婚制”，即“男不娶，女不嫁”的婚姻。在這里，男性稱女情人為“阿夏”，女性稱男情人為“阿注”。白天，成年男女在聚會(huì)上以舞蹈、歌唱的方式對(duì)意中人表達(dá)心意;晚上，男子就可以前往心儀女子的花樓。前來(lái)赴約的“阿注”們不能從正門進(jìn)入“阿夏”的房間，而要爬窗進(jìn)入。由于女子家中成年姐妹較多，前來(lái)約會(huì)的“阿注”也多。因此，摩梭男女們之間有約定見(jiàn)面的暗號(hào)，只有對(duì)上了暗號(hào)，“阿夏”才會(huì)讓“阿注”進(jìn)入自己的花房。此時(shí)，須把帽子之類的.物品掛在門外，表示兩人正在約會(huì)，讓其他人不要打擾。“阿注”必須于第二清晨離開(kāi)花樓，回到自己母親家去，這時(shí)可選擇從正門出去。如果呆到女方長(zhǎng)輩起床后才離開(kāi)，就會(huì)被視為無(wú)禮。
摩梭男女婚后仍各自居住母親家，雙方所生的子女屬于女方，采用母親的姓氏，由女方家庭撫養(yǎng)。此外男女雙方的婚姻關(guān)系不是固定不變的。在結(jié)交往的過(guò)程中，女方的意愿會(huì)受到最大限度的尊重，一般都是以女方的愛(ài)憎為取舍的?！鞍⒆ⅰ被榈慕⑹呛茏杂傻?，要解除這種關(guān)系也比較的方便。一旦感情破裂，男方不走訪或女方在閨房門口放雙男鞋即可離散，無(wú)怨恨，無(wú)忌妒，隨緣而行，外人更不可有異議。但是和我們有點(diǎn)相同的是：男女之間在配偶的選擇上要避開(kāi)家庭中母系血緣的關(guān)系。
這種婚姻與現(xiàn)代都市婚姻不同，它不受金錢及各種社會(huì)關(guān)系的限制。夫妻之間只要相愛(ài)就可以結(jié)合，是一種讓年輕人自由放飛情感的婚姻。解除家庭關(guān)系也很和平，不涉及財(cái)產(chǎn)的分割，也沒(méi)有小孩撫養(yǎng)權(quán)的爭(zhēng)奪，對(duì)下一代的成長(zhǎng)也不會(huì)造成太大的不良影響。
或許朋友們對(duì)“走婚”習(xí)俗，對(duì)摩梭人，還有許許多多的疑問(wèn)，不急!晚些時(shí)候我將帶大家走進(jìn)摩梭人家一探究竟。現(xiàn)在我們先到喇叭寺進(jìn)行參觀。
第二篇：四川導(dǎo)游詞
相信在座的各位中大部份或全部人都是次來(lái)成都吧，那么你是否對(duì)現(xiàn)在所看到的一切感到陌生，對(duì)即將看到和聽(tīng)到的一切充滿好奇呢?那么，首先讓我來(lái)為大家介紹一下今后幾天的行程以及成都市的概況吧(行程略)。記得剛才歡迎大家時(shí)我提到一個(gè)詞――蓉城。為什么我不是歡迎大家來(lái)成都，而是說(shuō)蓉城呢，因?yàn)槿爻鞘浅啥际械囊粋€(gè)別名。那么，這個(gè)別名是怎么得來(lái)的呢?先不要急，讓我們從四川省的概況一步步來(lái)了解吧。
四川省面積近48.5萬(wàn)平方公里，占全國(guó)總面積的百分之五，居全國(guó)第5位。其中耕地面積約6萬(wàn)平方公里，占土地總面積的百分之十二，居全國(guó)第4位。四川不僅是祖國(guó)西南的大糧倉(cāng)，還是全國(guó)四大林區(qū)之一，四大藥材生產(chǎn)基地之一，五大畜牧區(qū)之一。農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品中，蠶繭，柑桔，油菜和中藥材的產(chǎn)量居全國(guó)首位。四川人口8329萬(wàn)，占全國(guó)總?cè)丝诘慕种?，是中?guó)人口多的省。四川還是一個(gè)多民族的省份，除漢族外，還有藏、彝、羌、苗、回、壯、白、滿、土家、納西、布依等14個(gè)少數(shù)民族。
四川地處內(nèi)陸腹地，地勢(shì)險(xiǎn)要，西邊是青藏高原，北邊有秦嶺和大巴山，南面是云貴高原，唯有長(zhǎng)江水將西邊的巫山?jīng)_開(kāi)一道缺口。四川由東部的盆地和西面的高原山區(qū)組成，成都處于盆地中心，盆地面積約17萬(wàn)平方面軍公里，是我國(guó)四大盆地之一。四川西部的高原山地平均海拔4000米，是我國(guó)級(jí)階梯的組成部份，其峰貢嘎山達(dá)7556米，是我國(guó)第二高峰，世界第八高峰。
四川盆地的`氣候特征可以用12個(gè)字來(lái)形容：氣溫高，雨水多，濕度大，日照少。年平均氣溫17度左右，夏季一般為35度，七八月時(shí)可達(dá)39度。夏季雨水較多，年降雨量在1100毫米左右。四川盆地是全國(guó)日照少的地區(qū)之一，全年日照數(shù)1000――1400小時(shí)，平均每天只有3小時(shí)左右。
四川由于它特殊的地理位置和自然條件，加上勞動(dòng)人民的辛勤耕耘，使之自古便有了“水旱從人，不知饑謹(jǐn)”的美譽(yù)。
綜上所述，四川自古被稱為“天府之國(guó)”。那么，天府之國(guó)的名稱是怎么得來(lái)的呢?據(jù)史書《華陽(yáng)國(guó)志》記載，“天府”一詞早本是一種官名，其職責(zé)是專門管理國(guó)家的珍寶、寶藏，由于天府一詞有了上述一層含義，后人便借來(lái)比喻土地肥沃、物產(chǎn)豐富的地域。歷史上早稱四川為天府出自諸葛亮的隆中對(duì)，當(dāng)年劉備三顧茅廬請(qǐng)諸葛亮出山時(shí)，諸葛亮曾說(shuō)“益州險(xiǎn)塞，沃野千里，天府之土，高祖因之，以成帝業(yè)”。在這段話中，諸葛亮分析指出，四川雖然地勢(shì)險(xiǎn)要，但盆地內(nèi)部卻全是肥沃的土地，是一塊好地方，假如劉備能占領(lǐng)此地，便能促成帝業(yè)。在這之后，“天府”一詞便成了歷代文人學(xué)者筆下四川盆地的代名詞，進(jìn)而譽(yù)稱四川為“天府之國(guó)”。
另外四川還被稱為“蜀”，關(guān)于蜀的來(lái)歷，史料中記載：蜀就是蠶，因?yàn)閭髡f(shuō)中蜀國(guó)早稱王的人叫蠶從，再聯(lián)系到四川養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)發(fā)展早，所以，現(xiàn)在也稱四川為“蜀”。那么“四川”這個(gè)名字又是從哪兒來(lái)的呢，它又是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始用的呢?在宋朝時(shí)，宋真宗對(duì)行政區(qū)作調(diào)整，將川陜路一分為四：益州路、梓州路、利州路和夔州路，合稱為“川陜四路”，簡(jiǎn)稱“四川路”，這就是“四川”一名的由來(lái)。
成都，作為四川省的省會(huì)，是全省政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化和科技交通的中心。成都位于四川盆地中西部的岷江中游，面積12.39萬(wàn)平方公里，城區(qū)面積近50平方公里，人口1100多萬(wàn)，轄8區(qū)12市縣。
至今為止，在史料中有所記載的成都，已是一座具有2300多年歷史的文化名城。據(jù)史書記載，早在成都建城的是春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)前期的開(kāi)明王朝，當(dāng)時(shí)的開(kāi)明氏九世將國(guó)都由樊鄉(xiāng)(雙流)遷到還只是一片荒地的成都，并借用西周建都的經(jīng)過(guò)，以“周太王從梁山到岐山，一年成聚，二年成邑，三年成都”而定名為成都。
公元311年，秦國(guó)丞相張儀率大軍消滅了開(kāi)明氏的蜀國(guó)。秦惠王改蜀國(guó)為郡，命張若為蜀郡守，并在此建城。據(jù)《華陽(yáng)國(guó)志》記載，當(dāng)時(shí)張若、張儀所筑的秦城，周圍十二里，高七丈，城下修有倉(cāng)庫(kù)，城墻上筑有哨所、箭樓，城內(nèi)建有街坊和府衙。秦城分太城和少城兩部分，太城在東，少城在西。秦城又有龜城的別稱，早源于揚(yáng)雄的《蜀本記》，本中記載：“秦相張公子所筑成都，屢有頹壞，有龜行于此，巫師言依龜行跡筑之，而城果就”。然而，宋代時(shí)趙汴做出了科學(xué)的解釋，指出張若所筑城墻亦順江之勢(shì)，因成都地勢(shì)偏東北，所以所修建筑都為順勢(shì)而建。從今天的成都也可以看出，大部分街道還是偏向東北方的。
西漢時(shí)，成都織綿業(yè)相當(dāng)發(fā)達(dá)，成為官府稅收中的重要來(lái)源，為了便于管理，漢王朝特在此設(shè)立官員專門管理織綿，所以成都又被稱之為“錦官城”，簡(jiǎn)稱“錦城”。
五代后期，蜀國(guó)皇帝孟昶(chang)偏愛(ài)芙蓉，命百姓在城內(nèi)遍植芙蓉，每年九月芙蓉花開(kāi)之際，孟昶便率文武百官登城觀賞，有一年在賞花時(shí)曾感嘆地說(shuō)：“自古以蜀為錦城，今日觀之，真錦城也”。因此，成都又留下了“芙蓉城”的美名，簡(jiǎn)稱“蓉城”。至今，芙蓉花仍是成都市花，市樹(shù)為植物三在活化石之一的銀杏樹(shù)。
除以上所說(shuō)的龜城、錦城、蓉城外，成都?xì)v史上還被稱為“車官城、羊馬城和羅城”，這些別名都與成都當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)發(fā)展有所聯(lián)系。而成都街道的命名也與行業(yè)有著緊密的聯(lián)系。從街道的名字便可以看出在這條街上哪種行業(yè)居多。比如：打金街、鑼鍋巷、金絲街、棉花街、署襪街、染房街、漿洗街、煙袋巷、石灰街、鹽市口、牛市口、羊市街、草市街、騾馬市等等。像這樣的街產(chǎn)數(shù)不勝數(shù)。
成都，自古民風(fēng)淳樸，一年四季時(shí)節(jié)不斷，民間的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日很多，如元宵節(jié)的燈會(huì)，二月的青羊?qū)m花會(huì)，三月的龍泉桃花會(huì)，四月的彭洲牡丹會(huì)，八月的新都桂花會(huì)和十月的菊展等等。這些盛會(huì)，物資交流，名小吃展銷和民間戲曲演出結(jié)合起來(lái)，充分體現(xiàn)了古老蜀文化的魅力。成都，自古便商業(yè)繁華，二十一世紀(jì)到來(lái)后的今天，成都更是在國(guó)家的西部大開(kāi)發(fā)中起著重要的作用，未來(lái)的成都，必將更加美麗，更加繁華。
第三篇：四川導(dǎo)游詞
眾所周知，都江堰水利工程是由李冰父子于公元前256年修建的，它位于四川盆地邊緣的岷江中游，今都江堰市城西，距成都60公里左右。它是集防洪、航運(yùn)、灌溉為一體的水利工程。距今已有2200多年的歷史。它不僅是我國(guó)最古老、最偉大的水利工程，也是全世界迄今為止，年代最久遠(yuǎn)、唯一留存下來(lái)并以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程。都江堰的灌溉面積超過(guò)1000萬(wàn)畝。2200多年來(lái)，都江堰仍在正常發(fā)揮著它的各項(xiàng)社會(huì)功用，而與其同時(shí)代修建的鄭國(guó)渠、靈渠的社會(huì)功用卻已經(jīng)早早的廢弛了，大家就不禁要問(wèn)，都江堰為什么能數(shù)十年、數(shù)百年、甚至數(shù)千年如一日的灌溉著成都平原，這樣歷久不衰。這其中到底有什么奧秘呢?
其實(shí)啊。原因就在于都江堰水利工程修建的科學(xué)性，可能大家都知道都江堰水利工程是有魚嘴分水堤、飛沙堰泄洪道、寶瓶口引水口三大主體工程構(gòu)成，它科學(xué)的解決了江水自動(dòng)分流、自動(dòng)排沙、控制水量等問(wèn)題，使成都平原成為“水旱從人，食無(wú)荒年，不知饑饉”的天府之國(guó)。都江堰之所以能穩(wěn)穩(wěn)當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)脑旄Ｇ?，還得益于這三大渠首工程。
首先，讓我們看看魚嘴分水堤的妙用，乃名思義，是該工程大堤前端形似魚嘴，故而得名，它的主要功能是分水，將上游奔流而下的江水一分為二，左邊稱為外江，俗稱金馬河，是岷江的主流，主要用于排洪，右邊沿山腳的是內(nèi)江，為人工引水渠道，主要用于灌溉。魚嘴的設(shè)置極為巧妙，它充分利用地形地勢(shì)巧妙地完成分流引水大的任務(wù)，并且在洪水枯水季節(jié)不同水位條件下，起著調(diào)節(jié)水量的作用。春天，也就是枯水季節(jié)時(shí)，岷江水量小，灌區(qū)正值春耕，需要用水，這時(shí)岷江主流直入內(nèi)江，水量約占六成，外江四成，這樣可以保證灌溉，夏季洪水季節(jié)時(shí)，在彎道動(dòng)力學(xué)原理的作用下，二者的比例會(huì)自動(dòng)的顛倒過(guò)來(lái)，內(nèi)江四成，外江六成，使灌區(qū)不受水災(zāi)。二王廟墻壁上刻的治水《三字經(jīng)》中說(shuō)的“分四六，平潦旱”就是說(shuō)的魚嘴這一天然調(diào)節(jié)分流比例的作用。
除了分水這個(gè)功用外，魚嘴還有排沙的重要功用，因其建在岷江大彎道的.下方，因而外江處于凸岸，內(nèi)江處于凹岸。當(dāng)洪水季節(jié)來(lái)臨時(shí)，水流夾帶的大量沙石到大彎道時(shí)，不可避免地形成巨大的漩渦，此時(shí)含沙量大，重而沉底的底層水被離心力甩出，與百分之六十的主流一起直沖外江，而含沙量小的表層水被離心力甩到凹岸，沖向內(nèi)江，魚嘴是二八排沙的，百分之八十外江，百分之二十內(nèi)江。
魚嘴說(shuō)完了，現(xiàn)在我們接著看看飛沙堰的功能，飛沙堰位于魚嘴下方1070米處，長(zhǎng)200米，高2.15米，是一個(gè)看似平凡的工程，其實(shí)它的功用卻非常的大，可以毫不夸張的說(shuō)，它是確保成都平原不受水旱災(zāi)害的關(guān)鍵，它的主要作用是泄洪，即當(dāng)內(nèi)江的水量超過(guò)寶瓶口流量上限時(shí)，把多余的水從這里排到外江，如果遇到特大洪水的情況，飛沙堰還會(huì)自動(dòng)潰堤，讓大量的江水岷江的主流，另一個(gè)作用是排沙，剛才說(shuō)道在魚嘴處已經(jīng)江百分之八十的沙石排到了外江，剩下的百分之二十到了內(nèi)江，這些沙石進(jìn)入內(nèi)江后并不會(huì)全部的流入成都平原。因?yàn)轱w沙堰在這里起到了排沙的關(guān)鍵作用。它會(huì)將這百分之二十中的百分之十五的沙石排到外江，這樣就只有百分之五的沙石才從寶瓶口進(jìn)到成都平原，一般情況下，洪水越大，飛沙堰的排沙功能越強(qiáng)，最高可以達(dá)到百分之九十八。這樣就保證了內(nèi)江水流的通暢?？梢?jiàn)飛沙堰的確不簡(jiǎn)單。
寶瓶口，是玉壘山伸向岷江的長(zhǎng)脊上開(kāi)的一個(gè)口子，是人工鑿成控制內(nèi)江進(jìn)水的咽喉。因形如瓶口而得名。寶瓶口是內(nèi)江水流進(jìn)入成都平原的通道，它有固定的進(jìn)水量，不管有多少水流入內(nèi)江，只要超過(guò)了寶瓶口的接納量，它都會(huì)一律的拒之口外。從而保證成都平原有足夠的水用于灌溉，同時(shí)也不至于遭受洪水災(zāi)害。說(shuō)道寶瓶口，就不得不說(shuō)它的開(kāi)鑿過(guò)程，玉壘山山石堅(jiān)硬，當(dāng)時(shí)生產(chǎn)工具落后，民工們是用鐵具鑿?fù)诘模こ踢M(jìn)度及其緩慢，挖通估計(jì)得30年，后來(lái)，有個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老民工建議，應(yīng)當(dāng)在巖石上開(kāi)一些溝槽，然后放上柴火，點(diǎn)燃燃燒，這樣巖石會(huì)爆裂開(kāi)，再用冰冷的岷江水澆灌，在熱脹冷縮的原理作用下，堅(jiān)硬的玉壘山就不再堅(jiān)硬了。最后，李冰用了8年的時(shí)間打通了玉壘山。在寶瓶口的一側(cè)，大家可以看到離堆。因?yàn)榕c玉壘山山體相離而得名。
都江堰的三大主體工程就是這樣工作的。其中不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，魚嘴、飛沙堰、寶瓶口的功用是相輔相成的。正是有了這樣的相互作用，都江堰才如此的偉大，它是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的?！耙騽?shì)利導(dǎo)”是它治水哲學(xué)的精髓，它和現(xiàn)在司空見(jiàn)慣的攔河大壩，一橫一縱，一堵一導(dǎo)代表了截然不同的治水哲學(xué)。一個(gè)是征服自然，一個(gè)是順應(yīng)自然。都江堰以它不可思議的水利哲學(xué)頻頻受到國(guó)內(nèi)外專家的高度贊揚(yáng)。有關(guān)部門統(tǒng)計(jì)，中國(guó)水庫(kù)的平均壽命只有50年，條件較好的美國(guó)水庫(kù)的平均壽命也不超過(guò)320年，相形之下，都江堰卻已經(jīng)存在了2200多年。難怪余秋雨先生會(huì)在它的著作中發(fā)出這樣的感嘆：我以為中國(guó)歷史上最激動(dòng)人心的工程不是長(zhǎng)城，而是都江堰。
第四篇：四川導(dǎo)游詞
各位佳賓，歡迎大家到我們這座著名的川北古城游覽。
閬中位于四川盆地北部、嘉陵江中游，城市建在巴山脈、劍門山脈與嘉陵江水系聚結(jié)交匯處，山圍四面、水繞三方，形勢(shì)十分險(xiǎn)要。前人說(shuō)它"前控六路之師，后據(jù)西蜀之粟，左通荊襄，右出秦隴"。自古就是一座軍事重鎮(zhèn)，1986年國(guó)務(wù)院公布為全國(guó)歷史文化名城之一。
我們今天的游程安排是:先去游覽張飛廟和錦屏山，然后參觀游覽極有特色的古城保護(hù)區(qū)?，F(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我先把閬中古城的特色，概略地作一介紹，以作為各位實(shí)地游覽前的引導(dǎo)。
閬中之古，首先是古城歷史悠久。閬中是古巴國(guó)的都城。據(jù)史料記載，周武王伐紂，得到巴人的大力協(xié)助?1?7"牧野之戰(zhàn)"就是由巴人組成的"虎賁"軍出戰(zhàn)，"凌殷人倒戈"，而取得勝利。周王朝建立后封巴人為子國(guó)，都江州(即今重慶)，因避楚國(guó)之逼，遷都閬中。公元前320_年秦惠文王滅巴后置巴西郡，設(shè)閬中縣。此后歷代皆為郡、州、府、道的治所，也是那時(shí)川北政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化的中心。僅以建縣的歷史計(jì)算，至今已有2300多年。
第二是對(duì)中國(guó)的歷史文化發(fā)展具有影響的名人輩出，古跡猶存。閬中這座山水秀麗的古城，不僅吸引了歷代眾多的名人賢士來(lái)此游覽居停，留下大量的文物古跡。而且古城本身就是一個(gè)地靈人杰，人才輩出的地方。漢武帝時(shí)，這里誕生了偉大的天文學(xué)家和歷算家落下閎，其后有東漢時(shí)期的大氣象學(xué)家任文孫父子和 "三國(guó)時(shí)期的周舒、周群、周巨祖孫三代天文學(xué)家。前后420_年間，閬中出了這么多成就卓著的天文學(xué)家實(shí)在了不起。此外，三國(guó)良將馬忠、謀士程畿、南宋抗金猛將張憲、元明花木蘭式女英雄韓娥，清代農(nóng)民起義領(lǐng)袖蘭廷瑞等都出生在這里。有人統(tǒng)計(jì)出:從晚唐到清朝1000多年間，閬中先后出了4個(gè)狀元，94個(gè)進(jìn)士，幾百個(gè)舉人。
閬中又是革命老區(qū)。1933年紅四方面軍建立川陜革命根據(jù)地，在閬中地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)戰(zhàn)3年之久，并建立了閬中、閬南蘇維埃政權(quán)，19000多閬中優(yōu)秀兒女參加了中國(guó)工農(nóng)紅軍。
第三是古城保存比較完整，文物價(jià)值很高。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，閬中的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展很快，城市建設(shè)也取得很大成績(jī)。與此同時(shí)，市政府十分重視對(duì)古城區(qū)和文物古跡的維修保護(hù)，特別是令現(xiàn)代建筑界十分關(guān)注的古城格局，古風(fēng)濃郁的上百條古街道和成群連片的四川古民后，更是十分珍貴的人文瑰寶。許多人參觀之后，總是贊嘆不已，連稱"別處少見(jiàn)"。
好，就說(shuō)到這里，張飛廟到了?；负铎裟埂獜堬w廟
各位佳賓，我們現(xiàn)在看到的就是名聞遐邇的桓侯祠，亦稱張飛廟。張飛，字益德(翼德)，東漢末年跟隨劉備起兵，情同手足。劉備定益州稱帝后，封張飛為司隸校尉、巴西太守鎮(zhèn)守閬中前后七年之久。公元220_年，張飛為急于報(bào)東吳殺害關(guān)羽之仇，逼迫部下趕制白盔白甲，被部將范強(qiáng)、張達(dá)殺害，葬于閬中，被追封為桓侯。閬中追慕張飛忠勇，于墓前建闕立廟，歲祀不缺。唐時(shí)廟叫:"張侯祠"，明代稱"雄威廟"，清代以來(lái)才叫 "桓侯祠"?，F(xiàn)存的張飛廟是一組唐代風(fēng)格的明、清建筑四合院，由山門、敵萬(wàn)樓、牌坊、大殿、廂房等組成，占地5000多平方米，規(guī)模宏大，建造精美。
山門為明代重建，正門上端懸掛的"漢桓侯祠"大匾為最近逝世的著名書法家趙樸初書寫?？邕M(jìn)八字形的大門，便是高聳的敵萬(wàn)樓。"敵萬(wàn)"是說(shuō)張飛有力敵萬(wàn)天之勇。樓為明初所建，重檐歇山式屋頂，四瓣鑲成的梅花方形柱，翹角連云、氣勢(shì)不凡。兩邊側(cè)殿為文物展覽室和群塑廳。文物展出有1000多件。請(qǐng)看這百碑文字:"漢將軍飛，率精兵萬(wàn)人大破賊首張都于八蒙，立馬勒銘"。據(jù)說(shuō)是張飛親筆書寫，足見(jiàn)張飛不僅是一員猛將，而且是一位造詣?lì)H深的書法家。世人說(shuō)張飛是粗中有細(xì)，這石碑算得一件證物。群塑館里根據(jù)《三國(guó)演義》描寫的張飛主要業(yè)績(jī)制作的六組雕塑，各位都熟悉《三國(guó)演義》，不用我再作解說(shuō)，就請(qǐng)一一看去。
走進(jìn)大殿，中間端坐一尊豎眉瞠目，狀貌威猛的張飛，卻怎么是頭戴王冠，身著錦袍，手捧玉笏的塑像呢?原來(lái)在清朝嘉慶年間，張飛被追封為"桓侯大帝"，殿上塑的是他的冠冕文身坐像。塑像兩邊是長(zhǎng)子張苞執(zhí)蛇矛、功曹馬齊捧丹書。左右兩壁是岳飛 草書的諸葛亮"前后出師表"，將大殿烘托出一派威嚴(yán)而儒雅的氣氛。
后殿實(shí)為墓亭，古雅簡(jiǎn)樸，肅然卓立。亭柱一副對(duì)聯(lián):
隨先主逐鹿中原，北征南戰(zhàn)，地只西川稱帝業(yè);
剩殘軀付諸荒冢，春去冬來(lái)，人猶千古吊忠魂。
上聯(lián)寫張飛追隨劉備一生征戰(zhàn)，但實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一全國(guó)的壯志未酬，英魂仍存遺憾。下聯(lián)說(shuō)他死后，此墓雖只埋了無(wú)頭之軀，但人們紀(jì)念其忠勇的情懷千古不衰。無(wú)頭之軀有一個(gè)民間傳說(shuō)，據(jù)說(shuō)張飛被殺后，兇手范強(qiáng)、張達(dá)二人割下頭顱，想拿到東吳獻(xiàn)給孫權(quán)，作為進(jìn)身之階，他們乘船順長(zhǎng)江東下時(shí)聽(tīng)說(shuō)孫權(quán)正向劉備求和，二人驚惶無(wú)措就把張飛的頭拋入江中，浮到云陽(yáng)地界被一位漁翁撈起，葬在云陽(yáng)鳳凰山麓。這就是張?1?7"頭葬云陽(yáng)，身葬閬中"的悲壯故事。
墓亭下窩廬形約有拱穴內(nèi)，端坐著張飛的武身像。請(qǐng)看，這像真是"豹頭環(huán)眼，燕頜虎須的猛張飛了吧!像前擺的盤龍石斗窩叫"長(zhǎng)明燈"。據(jù)說(shuō)，張飛駐守閬中時(shí)，曹魏大將張梆帶領(lǐng)5 萬(wàn)大軍進(jìn)攻巴西首府閬中，當(dāng)時(shí)張飛守卒不過(guò)萬(wàn)人，在宕渠與張合相拒，前后50日，張飛依靠當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦闹С郑瑥蔫麂叫÷分比埡洗蟊緺I(yíng)——瓦口隘，大敗張合，取得保境安民的勝利，閬中人感戴他在他死后，特意選取最好的石頭精工雕成這座"長(zhǎng)明燈"。千百年來(lái)，每到清明節(jié)，人們都要為張飛掃墓，給長(zhǎng)明燈獻(xiàn)油。
張飛墓高約6米，方圓100多平方米，全用黃土壘成，宛如一個(gè)橢圓形的小山巒，歲月滄桑，墓穴無(wú)恙。墓上古木森森，碧草茵茵，似乎印證出千百年來(lái)無(wú)數(shù)后人對(duì)這位勇猛剛強(qiáng)、嫉惡如仇的"張三爺"的敬愛(ài)。閬苑仙境——錦屏山
來(lái)此就是閬中市有"嘉陵第一江山"之你的錦屏山風(fēng)景區(qū)。請(qǐng)看這錦屏山山勢(shì)起伏，峰巒相連，山上林木蔥郁，鳥語(yǔ)花香，山下水流湍急的嘉陵江象一條碧玉帶從山腳蜿蜒而過(guò)，山水相融，組成一幅秀麗清雅的天然圖畫，吸引了歷代多少的文人名士來(lái)此留連。比如大家熟知的唐代詩(shī)人杜甫、李商隱，大畫家吳道子，宋代文豪蘇東坡、詩(shī)人黃庭堅(jiān)、陸游等，都曾為錦屏山風(fēng)光所傾倒。杜甫的詩(shī)中稱為"閬中城南天下稀"。近幾年景區(qū)進(jìn)行了一番修葺整治，更添新的風(fēng)采，特別是自然美景與歷史文化的交相輝映，充分展現(xiàn)了閬中游覽的古雅品位，使我們感悟到它既是觀光之旅，又是知識(shí)之旅?，F(xiàn)在就讓我們以景區(qū)內(nèi)的古跡名勝作為標(biāo)志，一路游覽下去。
這里是閬中杜少陵祠，紀(jì)念杜甫的祠廟。杜甫曾在唐代宗廣德元年(公元763年)八月和廣德二年兩次來(lái)到閬中，并舉家在此居住半年之久，其間寫下了60多首詩(shī)歌。他在《閬山歌》和《閬水歌》中，贊美閬中的山"己覺(jué)氣與嵩華敵"，閬中的水"石黛碧玉相因依"。 杜少陵祠依山而筑，保持了唐宋時(shí)代肅穆典雅的風(fēng)格，祠堂前廳懸掛的70多幅詩(shī)詞木刻和字畫，寄托了對(duì)詩(shī)人的懷念;兩旁廂房陳列有古文物、古木漆家具等，增添了祠堂的古意。正殿是漢白玉的杜甫立像，正在揮筆凝神，推敲詞句，構(gòu)思新章。這尊雕塑，己非古物，但我們從南宋愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人陸游在乾道八年兩次到閬中瞻仰少陵祠后，在《游錦屏謁少陵祠堂》一詩(shī)中寫他當(dāng)時(shí)看到的杜甫塑像的情景，可得到一些印象。詩(shī)說(shuō):"虛堂奉祀子杜子，眉宇高寒照江水，古來(lái)磨滅知幾人，此老至今原不死。" 眉宇高寒的杜甫，孤獨(dú)地但卻長(zhǎng)久地留在祠中，受后人憑吊，也就是留芳百世了。
一路觀景而行，己到宋烈文侯祠，也就是張憲祠了。說(shuō)張憲，可能有的人感到陌生，但只要說(shuō)是岳飛身邊的愛(ài)將，知道的就多了。張憲是錦屏山這一帶的人，南宋時(shí)岳飛領(lǐng)兵抗金，張憲投入岳飛帳下為將。他驍善戰(zhàn)，赤膽忠心，功授副都統(tǒng)制，深受岳飛的器重，并招之為婿。在岳家軍直搗朱仙鎮(zhèn)，即將"痛飲黃龍"時(shí)，以宋高宗為首的投降派害怕岳飛迎回徽、欽二帝后，自己?jiǎn)适Щ饰?，連發(fā)12道金牌召岳飛班師，奸臣秦檜以"莫須有"的罪名謀害岳飛。紹興十一年十二月二十九日(公元1142 年1月27日)，年僅27歲的張憲同岳飛父子一同被害于杭州風(fēng)波亭，葬于離岳墓不遠(yuǎn)的東山港口。20_年后，金兵再次南侵，剛剛登基的孝宗皇帝為了激勵(lì)臣民抗金，對(duì)岳家軍來(lái)了個(gè)"平反加封"，張憲被追封為龍神衛(wèi)士廂都指揮使，閬州觀察使，又贈(zèng)寧遠(yuǎn)承宣使。明代，再追封為烈文侯，在家鄉(xiāng)閬州建祠紀(jì)念。
張憲祠占地約30畝，座西向東，三面環(huán)山，地形象一把圈椅，前人把祠堂選在錦屏山腰的這個(gè)地段，可算是一塊"風(fēng)水寶地"。再加上那蒼勁傲岸的青松翠柏，剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)的香樟綠楊，把祠廟圍得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)，更顯得莊重靜穆。張憲的塑像放在院中而不在殿內(nèi)，也是一種"匠心獨(dú)具"的表現(xiàn):張憲功高蒙冤，壯志未酬，人雖死，心不甘，所以塑像不穩(wěn)坐殿中而是立在陛下。你看他身披金甲，左手按劍，右手撫腰，威嚴(yán)挺立。再看他的神情，園睜怒目，仿佛在問(wèn):抗金保國(guó)，何罪之有?緊蹙雙眉，似乎對(duì)未能勸住岳飛班師回朝而痛心疾首?？吹竭@里，聯(lián)想西子湖畔那流芳千古的岳王墳和遺臭萬(wàn)年的秦檜跪像，我們都會(huì)感受到"歷史是最公正的""民心是最公道的"。
現(xiàn)在看到的是觀星樓，觀星樓是閬中古城的驕傲。我們開(kāi)始說(shuō)過(guò)，在祖國(guó)古代天文學(xué)研究的燦瀾星空中，閬中出現(xiàn)過(guò)群星爭(zhēng)耀的壯麗圖景。他孕育和誕生了偉大的天文學(xué)家落下閎、任文孫父子和周舒祖孫三代等，為我國(guó)天文、氣象學(xué)做出卓越貢獻(xiàn)的英才，使閬中成為我國(guó)漢唐時(shí)期最大的天文研究中心。特別是世界天文史上有劃時(shí)代意義的《太初歷》作者，偉大的天文學(xué)家和歷算學(xué)家落下閎。落下閎(公元前156年——公元前87年)，字長(zhǎng)公，閬中市人，精通天文，擅長(zhǎng)歷算，受漢武帝征聘，官至太史待詔。一生中對(duì)天文科學(xué)的最大貢獻(xiàn)有三個(gè):一是創(chuàng)立了"渾天說(shuō)"，認(rèn)為宇宙是變化的，而且變化是有規(guī)律的;二是創(chuàng)制"渾天儀"，是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最科學(xué)、最精密的天體觀察儀，并建立了觀星樓; 三是制"太初歷"，為歷史上第一部有文字記載的歷法。落下閎的天文研究成就對(duì)中國(guó)乃至世界的天文研究都有較大的影響。英國(guó)的李約瑟在《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)史》中說(shuō)他是世界天文學(xué)領(lǐng)域里"燦爛的星座"。
在落下閎的影響之下，漢末又誕生了任文孫、任文公父子天文學(xué)家，任氏父子在繼承落下閎天文研究的基礎(chǔ)上，在氣象方面有獨(dú)到的見(jiàn)解，能夠預(yù)報(bào)風(fēng)雨、旱災(zāi)、洪災(zāi)，對(duì)天文氣象的發(fā)展作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。
三國(guó)時(shí)，閬中的周舒、周群、周巨祖孫三代獻(xiàn)身于天文事業(yè)，成為繼任氏父子之后的又一天文世家。他們?cè)谧约旱耐ピ褐薪ㄖ藴y(cè)天臺(tái)，不避寒暑，長(zhǎng)年觀察，辛勤地積累資料，加以判斷，從而得出十分準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)論。
由于閬中天文研究人才輩出，故歷代諸多天文研究行家被吸引來(lái)此。唐初，著名天文學(xué)家袁天罡在高宗時(shí)(650年)遷于現(xiàn)卸ň櫻?隗戳?澆?⒐坌翹ㄒ圓馓煜蟆T?祛桿籃笤嵊阢現(xiàn)小=艚幼糯筇煳難Ъ搖⑹?Ъ依畬痙紓?捌湫兇伲?詮64年也來(lái)到閬中，繼續(xù)天文數(shù)學(xué)研究，李淳風(fēng)死后亦葬于閬中。
前面那座古樸的大殿是錦屏碑林，里面收藏著歷代名人書畫墨跡260多件，刻工精美，內(nèi)容豐富。其中的張飛"立馬勒銘" 漢隸碑，杜甫的"詩(shī)篇"，吳道子的"觀音"，鄭板橋的"竹"，張善子的"虎"，最受稱道。
來(lái)此是"八仙洞"，相傳八仙之一的呂洞賓曾在此修道。洞深孔多米，寬約17米，塑有八仙神像，洞外"飛仙閣"檐牙高聳，古樹(shù)濃蔭遮地，真有鐘靈毓秀的味道，難怪唐代星象學(xué)家袁天罡在山壁上大書"此山磨滅，英靈乃絕"八個(gè)大字。
也許正由于呂洞賓在此修道的傳說(shuō)，后人在山上修起一座群體建筑構(gòu)成的宮觀，定名為呂祖閣。建筑依山勢(shì)走向，以中心閣樓為主體，配以偏殿，長(zhǎng)廊，面積達(dá)20_多平方米。
有人說(shuō)，站在錦屏山八仙洞口看閬中古城，最能看出古城的佳妙風(fēng)水和前人建城的高超構(gòu)思。你看，嘉陵江在山下繞了一個(gè)大彎，把對(duì)岸形成一?1?7"半島"，江水澄碧，就像一條玉帶束腰，而古城就建在半島上，盤龍山有如一條巨龍繞伏其后，錦屏山似一道畫屏遮護(hù)在前，左右群山扶持，城中街市如花開(kāi)葉布，與山水相照應(yīng)，使古城奠基于同自然和諧共存的環(huán)境之上，體現(xiàn)了 "天人合一"，生生不息的思想，很有科考價(jià)值。我是不懂風(fēng)水之學(xué)的，只覺(jué)得從錦屏山看古城，那山水城樓交相輝映的美景，真是令人陶醉。還是陸游的詩(shī)說(shuō)得好:"城中飛閣連危亭，處處城廓如錦屏。涉江親到錦屏山，卻望城廓如丹青"。也難怪杜甫寫詩(shī)稱贊錦屏山"來(lái)游此地不知還"了。各位佳賓，是否也有同感呢! 古城民居
我們現(xiàn)在去游覽閬中古城保護(hù)區(qū)，觀賞的方式是自由組合，步行游覽，_的時(shí)候返回住地。
閬中的古城保護(hù)區(qū)，多系明清建筑，也有些在風(fēng)格上還保留著唐末時(shí)期特色。古城以巍峨高聳的華光樓為軸心，成扇形面展開(kāi)，大街寬不過(guò)8米、小巷則僅兩三米，一色青瓦平房，樸素淡雅。街巷布滿民居古院，推開(kāi)院門，多有照壁，轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)照壁方能入院。進(jìn)得一院，還有二院三院，大院套小院，天井連天井，池臺(tái)花木，回廊亭榭，古色古香。再仔細(xì)觀看，長(zhǎng)檐遮街，上面的瓦當(dāng)?shù)蹰?，下面的木質(zhì)門窗，都有花紋雕飾，特別是那些木條花格窗，其圖案千姿百態(tài)，爭(zhēng)奇斗巧，每一件都是精美的藝術(shù)品。門窗的上抹板、隔板、腰華板、下抹板，又各有雕刻，或?yàn)榍蔌B，或?yàn)榛ɑ?，或鐫?福、祿、壽、喜"，除象征吉祥如意外，還有濃郁的審美情趣。各個(gè)民居古院，其建筑風(fēng)格也各不相同，或?yàn)樯碳胰A麗型，或?yàn)槲娜说溲判?，還有官家宏大氣派的和呈 "多"字形的大院。如果住在一個(gè)大院賓館里，透過(guò)花窗觀看院中花木池臺(tái)，禁不住一股思古之幽情油然而生，真有味道。
好了，我只說(shuō)這些，個(gè)中意趣，各位在游覽中自能體會(huì)，我們回頭再相互交流?，F(xiàn)在我愿意參加一組同去觀光，誰(shuí)歡迎我? 好，我們一起出發(fā)......
第五篇：川景點(diǎn)英文導(dǎo)游詞
都江堰--英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞系列5 2010-01-31 goer 都江堰中文介紹：
著名的古代水利工程都江堰，位于四川都江堰市城西，古時(shí)屬都安縣境而名為都安堰，宋元后稱都江被譽(yù)為“獨(dú)奇千古”的“鎮(zhèn)川之寶”。建于公元前三世紀(jì)，是中國(guó)戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期秦國(guó)蜀郡太守李冰及其子率眾修建的一座大型水利工程，是全世界至今為止，年代最久、唯一留存、以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程。２２００多年來(lái)，至今仍發(fā)揮巨大效益，李冰治水，功在當(dāng)代，利在千秋，不愧為文明世界的偉大杰作，造福人民的偉大水利工程。是全世界至今為止年代最久、唯一留存、以無(wú)壩引水為特征的宏大水利工程。是我國(guó)科技史上的一座豐碑。
（都江堰導(dǎo)游圖）
都江堰英文導(dǎo)游詞：
The Dujiangyan Dam, 45km north of Chengdu, is an ancient technological wonder of the country.More than 2000 yers ago, Li Bing(250-200BC), as a local governor of the Shu State, designed this water control and irrigation dam and organized thousands of local people to complete the project to check the Mingjiang River.For many years the river,flooded the Chengdu agricultural area and local farmers suffered a lot from the water disaster.Due to the succe of the project, the dam automatically diverts the Mingjiang River and channels it into irrigation canals.For many years the dam has continued to make the most of the water conservancy works.Expansion has been undertaken since 1949 and at present the system does a good job of irrigating farming land acro 33counties of the western part of Sichuan Province.Local people feel proud of the system becaude it has supported a large amount of people in their daily life.What makes this system so good? The system is a large hydraulic water project which consists of three main parts: the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Fence, and the Bottle-Neck Channel.The Fish mouth functions to divide the flow of water into an inner river and an outer river.Long ago, when Li Bing worked as the local governor of the Shu State, he found the old river canal was too narrow to hold much water, which often overflowed the banks and caused disastrous flood.Based on natural geographic conditions, he organized the people to build a man-made dam.The whole dam looks like a fish, and the front dam has a circular cone shaped like a fish mouth.It is the dam that channels water into an outer canal and an inner canal.The outer water canal functions as the main stream and holds sixty percent of water in the river.The extra water goes through the inner canal for irrigation in Chengdu areas.The Flying Sand Fence joins the inner and outer canals.The fence functions to controll the flow of water and discharge exce into the inner canal from the main stream.During the dry season the fence doesn't work much, but when floods occur, the river rushes forward along the outer canal.As it approaches the fence, the fence,the river begins to turn round fast and soon many whirlpools are formed.The volatile whirlpools sweep away sand and pebbles and, throw them into the outer canal.For many years huge bamboo baskets were used as the fence.They were filled with stones and pebbles.However,at present, reinforced concrete weir has replaced the ancient fence.So now, let's discu the Bottle-Neck Channel.A trunk canal was cut through the mountain into two parts which link up the inner canal for irrigation.The small part is later called Li Dui, which means an isolated hill.Chengdu looks like a large bottle and the trunk canal between the mountain and the hill takes shape of the bottleneck.The trunk canal technically has two functions: First, it leads the water to irrigate the farming land in western Sichujan;Secondly, the trunk casnal works together with the Flying Sand Weir to keep the flow below a certain point in the inner canal during flood season.Some stone tablets, which stand on the isolated hill, are engraved in Buddhist Sanskrit.The local people hope that the Buddhist tablets can exert the Buddhist superpower to harne flood disaster.For over two thousand years, in fact, the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Weir, and the Bottle-neck Channel automatically work together to control foods and sweep away sand and stones in the main stram.The local people benefit a lot from this project.Not far from the Dujiang Dam, a Daoist temple complex was wrwcted was erected to commemorate the benevolent rule of Li Bing and his son who succeeded him.Li Bing and his son were granted the posthumous title of Wang.The folk story says that July 24of the Chinese Lunar Calendar is Li Bing' birthday.On the day many local people visit the temple where they prostrate themselges before the image of Li Bing and his son and burn incense to honor them.The larger-than-life painted statues of father and son overlook the rushing river below.Nearby a stone tablet os engraved with a famous six-character quotation from Li Bing,"when the river flows in zigzags, cut a straight channel.When the riverbeb is wide and shallow, dig it deeper." The temple which is built near the mountaintop, is a popular stopping place for sightseers.There one can enjoy a unique view of the most modern parts of the water conservation project.People appreciate the ancient wonder, which still works to benefit people today.武侯祠--英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞系列4
2010-01-31 goer 武侯祠中文概況：
武侯祠（Temple of Marquis）是紀(jì)念中國(guó)古代三國(guó)時(shí)期蜀漢丞相諸葛亮的祠宇。公元二三四年八月，諸葛亮因積勞成疾，病卒于北伐前線的五丈原，時(shí)年五十四歲。諸葛亮為蜀漢丞相，生前曾被封為“武鄉(xiāng)侯”（鄉(xiāng)侯為漢時(shí)爵位，自下而上，分別是亭侯，鄉(xiāng)侯，縣侯，關(guān)羽授封壽亭侯），死后又被蜀漢后主劉禪追謚為“忠武侯”，因此歷史上尊稱其祠廟為“武侯祠”。全國(guó)最早的武侯祠在陜西省漢中的勉縣。勉縣武侯祠乃天下第一武侯祠。勉縣武侯祠建于景耀六年（公元二六三年）春。勉縣武侯祠所在地乃諸葛亮當(dāng)年赴漢中屯軍北伐的“行轅相府”故址。
目前最有影響的是成都武侯祠，成都武侯祠為首批全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位（1961年），也是首批一級(jí)博物館，每年吸引上百萬(wàn)游客參觀游覽，享有三國(guó)圣地的美譽(yù)。此外，還有陜西勉縣武侯祠、有南陽(yáng)武侯祠、襄樊古隆中武侯祠、重慶奉節(jié)白帝城武侯祠、云南保山武侯祠和甘肅禮縣祁山武侯祠等。此外，還有建于唐代前的陜西岐山五丈原諸葛廟，建于明代的武侯宮（湖北蒲圻），建于建安時(shí)期的黃陵廟（湖北宜昌）等。浙江蘭溪的諸葛鎮(zhèn)，因諸葛亮子孫世代群居此地而得名。明萬(wàn)歷年間始建丞相祠堂，丞相祠堂有古建筑五十二間，內(nèi)設(shè)諸葛亮靈位。近些年，蘭溪丞相祠堂漸負(fù)盛名，影響日盛。
（導(dǎo)游地圖）
武侯祠英文導(dǎo)游詞：
China has a recorded history of some 3,600 years, beginning with the Shang Dynasty(16th——12th century BC).The first stage is the primitive society.The history was much aociated with the supposed pre-Xia Dynasty(21th-16th centuy BC).The second major periob lasted from about 2,000 to 200 BC.The history dated the beginning of the slave society from the Xia Dynasty, which constituted the first Chinese state.The third stage extended all the way from 221BC, when Qin Shihuang united China, to the Opium War of 1840.Historical docments name the third period as the Feusal Imperial Rule.The feudal society in China paed through a period of disunity beginning at the Three Kingdom Period, and ending in shoet-lived Sui Dynasty(581—618), Western Jin(265—316)via Eastern Jin(317—439)and the Southern and Northern Dynasties(386—589).The following story occurred in the three Kingdom Period.At the rnd of the Eastern Han Dynasty(25——220)a gtrat peasant revolt happened.Many local officials developed into warlords to aisty the Han Emperor in suppreing the rebellion.During this period the watlotds took the opportunity to build uyp their own political and military strengty and made themselves into autonomous regional warlords.Finally the warlords carved the Han Empire into three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu.The populous episodic novel,The Romance of the Three Kingdoms traces the rise and fall of the three kingdoms and vividly depicts the turbulent social conditions at that time.The rulers of the three independent kingdoms struggled for supremacy.Cao Cao and his son established the kingdom of Wei at Loyang.He was in actual control of only the North China homeland.Two rivals soon proclaimed emperors themselves elsewhere.The kingdom of Wu with its capital in Nanjing occupied dChangjiang Valley, The kingdom of Shu was created with its capital in Chengdu.Ti was in the control of Sichuan and parts ojf the highland of south China.Wuhou Temple is much aociated with the kingdom of Shu.It is the place to commemorate Zhu Geliang, Prime Minister of the kingdom.Wuhou was a top official title conferred upon Zhu Geliang after his death.It is unfortunate that no historical documents have recorded the time of its establishment.However, Du Fu, a top Tang Dynasty poet wrote a poem of kwhich two lines say as below:"Where would I find the Prime Minister's shrine?Somewhere outside Jinguan, in a dense cypre glade." This poem helps us infer that Zhu Geliang Temple was already in ezistence in the Tang Dynadty.During the Tang and Song Dynasties Zhu Geliang and Emperor Liu Bei had their independent temples in Chengdu, At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty the two temples merged into one.Towards the end of the Ming Dynasty the merged tempke was destroyed during war chaos.The present buildings date from the Qing Dynasty in 1672.The main entrance gate hangs a horizontal inscribed board.It says, "Han Zhaolie Temple".Han refers to the kingdom of Shui;zhaolie was Liu Bei's posthumous title.The board indicates that the whole temple was built in honor of Liu Bei.But why do all the people call it Zhu Geliang Tempke instead of Han Zhaolie Temple? It is due to Zhu Geliang's invaluable historical contribution, and his political and military strategies to the development of the kingdom.In the view of the local peopoe his prestige far gan to call it Zhu Grliang Temple regardle of the emperor's dignity and the temple's original name.Gtadually more and more people accepted the new name of the temple through common practice.The temple compound consists of five mainbuildings: the Front Gate, the Second Gate, Kiu Bei's Hall, Zhu Geliang's Hall and Liu Bei's Tomb.The buildings are all located aling an imaginative axis line in a regular shape.Six huge stone tablets are flanked in the yard between the front and the second gates.Four of them were of the Qing Dynasty, one of the Ming and one opf the Tang.The tablets of the Qing state the storise about the reestablishment of the temple;the one of the Ming describes the development of the temple.The one of the Tang is far more famous than the other five.It was set up soon after Wu Yuanhen, a local top military commander in west Sichuan and his 27aistants worshiped Zhu Grliang in the temple in 809 during the Tang Dynasty.Pei Du,who served as a prime minister for his three Tang emperors ijn different times, composed an ray aociated with the worship.In the eay he eulogized Zhu Geliang for his great contribution to and his spare-no-efforts in unifying the whole China and the development of Sichuan, Liu Gingchuo, a well-known Tang calligrahist, copied the eay on the tablet according to the pattern of Liu's handwriting.The three well-known persons joined hands to perfect the tablet, so later in people called it "The Three Perfecdstion Tablet".Inside the Second Gate is Liu Bei's hall.His statue stands behind the front altar, flanked by his son snd gtandson.To the right of the main shrine is a red faced image called Guan Yu;the left is General Zhang Fei, represented with a black face.Liu,Guan and Zhang are sworn brothers as prescribed in the novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.There are two galleries in the yard, which contain terracotta figures of the Qing Dynasty, 28 in all, generals on the right and minisiters on the lelt.During the Three Kingdom Period the rulers of the independent kingdoms fought each other for supremacy.This period was regarded as a romantic epoch of knightly dering-do.The site is just about holy to thousands of Three Kingdom enthusiasts.The well-loved figures in the temple are the historical source from which later novels and dramas have captured the imaginations of generations of Chinese readers and audience.Behind Liu Bei's hall is the second yard where Zhu Geliang's hall is located.Zhu Geliang's hallis obviously lower than Liu Bei's.Visitors bave to walk down several steps before they can get into the second yard.The disparity in the construction height displays the traditional Chinese hierarchical social system.Emperor is the son of Heaven.He is superior;and other people are inferior.On the top of the entrance gate of Zhu Geliang's hall hangs a horizontal wooden board,which says,"Eternal Glory All Over the World(名垂宇宙)."Many ancient couplets hang inside the hall, but the most famous one is right in the middle of the hall.It says,“能攻心則反側(cè)自消，從古知兵非好戰(zhàn)；不審勢(shì)即寬嚴(yán)皆誤，后來(lái)治蜀要深思?！?/p>
It means that try to persuade an enemy to stop his attack during a war and the war will then disappear.No soldier wants to fight since ancient times.Try not to forget to weigh the conditions and situation, ogherwise leniency and strict punishment will all fail.Those,who come to manage Sichuan,should think it over again.This couplet contains two stories.Once as Zhu Geliang was the general commander of the shu Kingdom, he was scheduled to attack the Wei Kingdom in north China.However, he was worried that the troops of the minorities might take a chance to hara the Shu Kingdom in southwest China.He came to tealize that the good relationship with the minorities was very important.So he went the southwestern area with his troops.Meng Huo(孟獲),the top leader of the minorities didn't accept Zhu Geliang's good-wish.He used his soldiers to fight against the groops from the kingdom.Zhu Geliang succefully defeated his attack and caught Meng Huo.Instead of punishing him,Zhu Geliang set him free.Then Meng Huo launched another attack and he met with the same defeat.Zhu Geliang set him a free again.On the seventh time after Meng Huo was caught,he prostrated himself before Zhu Geliang saying ghat he and his soldiers had given rp any atrelationship with the Shui Kingdoh.From then on the minority people and lf the Shui Kingdon lived in amity.The other story tells how Zhu Geliang streng-thened discipline.Once Zhu Gelian Launched another military campaign against the Wei Kingdom.In order to make the campaign succeful Zhu Geliang ordered Ma Shu，his close aistant to garrison the Shu army troops in Jie Ting,a vital strategic place to fight the coming soldiers from the Wei.Ma Shu thought of himself highly and placed his troops on the top of a hill near Jie Ting.As result,the Wei army soldiers occupied the strategic place.Ma Shu and his soldiers were defeated.Zhu Geliang had to withdraw his troops back to ghe Shu Kingdom.His carefully arranged campaign thus failed.Ma Shu had a close relationship with Zhu Geliang due to his hardworking and his contribution to the development shui's army.Tears ran down Zhu Geliang's face when he ordered to execute Ma Shu for his error.The two storied displayed Zhu Geliang's flexible tactics in accordance with different occasions.More-over,Zhu Geliang used the same method to manage his government and the kingdom for the social stability and economic prosperity.The second yard,dedicated Zhu Geliang, has a bell tower on the right and a drum tower on the left of the entrance.A most unusual casting iron incense burner is in the imddle of the path, which leads to the hall.Zhu Geliang's statue,accompainied by his son on the right and his grandson on the left, stands in the middle of the hall.The statue is 2m high.Zhu Geliang is dreed in a golden overcoat with a feather fan in his hand.He looks as if he was still concerned about his kingdom and his local people.On the left side of Zhu Geliang's statue is a bronze drum, a relic dated back to the 5th century.Originally ancient minority groups in souhest China often used it as a cooket.Later it became a sort of music instrument for some special occasions.It was said that during Zhu Geliang's southwest expedition his soldiers used it as a cooker during the day and struck it at night as emergency approached.Zhu Geliang was renowned military strategist and statesman in the early three Kingdom period.A native of Shandong Province,he was living in Long Zhong,Hubei when Liu Bei went to his house three times.Liu Bei sincerely invited Zhu Geliang to join in reconquest of the Han Empire,but for the first two times it was said that Zhu Geliang was not at home.On the third time when Liu Bei met Zhu Geliang in his house,he agreed to aist Liu Bei.It was in his house that Zhu Geliangand Liu Bei had a dialogue relating to the current situation and reconquest of the Han Empire, In Liu Bei's hall hangs Zhu Geliang's ambitious "Long Zhong dialogue(隆中對(duì)）"and his "Letter To The Throne Before An Expedition".Zhu Geliang served as Prime minister of the Shu Kingdom for twenty years.During his administration Zhu Geliang brought peace to the kingdom due to his northern and southern xepeditions.The local farming production and water conservancy has advanced.He died of his hard word conservancy has advanced.He died of his hard work at the age of 54.After his death people set up temples one after another to commemorate him in the areas where Zhu Geliang worked.He was generally regarded as an excellent example of administrators in Chinese feudal dynasties.To the west of the Zhu Geliang's hall is the site of ghe Liu Bei's tomb.It is 80m in circumference and 12m high,surrounded by a circular wall.For 1700 years the tomb has remained untouched, but what is inside is unknown.樂(lè)山大佛--英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞系列3
2010-01-31 goer 樂(lè)山大佛中文簡(jiǎn)介：
樂(lè)山大佛景區(qū)位于樂(lè)山市郊，岷江、青衣江、大渡河三江匯流處，與樂(lè)山城隔江相望。景區(qū)由凌云山、麻浩巖墓、烏尤山、巨形臥佛等組成，游覽面積約8平方公里。景區(qū)集聚了樂(lè)山山水人文景觀的精華，屬峨眉山國(guó)家級(jí)風(fēng)景區(qū)范圍，是聞名遐邇的風(fēng)景旅游勝地。
凌云山緊傍岷江，上有凌云寺，建于唐代。依山開(kāi)鑿大佛一座，通高71米，腳背寬8.5米，為當(dāng)今世界第一大佛。大佛為唐代開(kāi)元名僧海通和尚創(chuàng)建，歷時(shí) 90載完成。大佛為一尊彌勒座像，雍容大度，氣魄雄偉，被詩(shī)人譽(yù)為“山是一尊佛，佛是一座山”。麻浩巖墓系漢代墓葬，麻浩一帶較為集中，為全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。已開(kāi)放的是一個(gè)“前堂三穴”的大型墓。墓門上均有精工雕刻，飛檐、瓦當(dāng)、斗拱，花紋圖案，無(wú)一雷同，墓壁上還有許多歷史故事和動(dòng)物浮雕。是研究古代建筑雕刻、民俗、宗教極為珍貴的實(shí)物資料。
烏尤山與凌云山并肩立于岷江之濱，四面環(huán)水，如一堆碧玉浮于江水之中。山上有創(chuàng)建于盛唐的烏尤寺，寺內(nèi)現(xiàn)存七座殿堂，寺周林木蔥籠，尤顯幽雅謐靜。寺內(nèi)爾雅臺(tái)是漢代文字家郭舍人注釋《爾雅》的地方。近年，發(fā)現(xiàn)了以烏尤山、凌云山、龜城山構(gòu)成的樂(lè)山巨形睡佛景觀，隔江望去，酷似一巨大佛像仰臥于三江之上，臥佛直線長(zhǎng)1300多米。巨型臥佛的發(fā)現(xiàn)，為大佛景區(qū)更添魅力。
（樂(lè)山大佛導(dǎo)游圖）
樂(lè)山大佛英文導(dǎo)游詞：
The city of Leshan is le than one hour's ride from the Baoguosi Monastery at the foot of Mt.Emei.Leshan is the home of the Giant Buddha at the conflueence of the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers.It qualifies as the largest Buddha in a sitting posture in the world.You must board a riverboat for the best view of the Giant Buddha.The maive Buddha was carved out of a cliff face more than a thousand years ago, but now it is still well preserved in good shape, with his full and serene face.The Buddha is the largest Buddha in China,towering to 71m,with his 14.7m head,and 24m shoulders.The Buddha's ears are 6.72m long, insteps 8.5m broad, and a picnic could be conducted on the nail of his big toe, which is 1.5m long.This carving project was begun in 713.Each summer at that time the Min,Dadu and Qingyi rivers flowed down.As the ghree rivers met,turbu-lent waves strucd each other hard,boats capsized and boatmen vanished.There was a Buddhist monkby the name of Haitong in Lingyun Hill,who saw the situation and was determined to carve a giant Buddha out of the cliff face, hoping that the Buddha's presence would subdue the swift currents and protect the boatmen.Haitong started travelling along the Changjiang river and other areas in China to collect funds for the gigantic carving.Once an evil official attempted to obtain by force the money collected by Haitong.The monk refused him in strong terms.He said,"I'd rather gouge out my eyes than give a penny to you,"The official shouted in anger,"gouge your eye out now!"Haitong resolutely dug out one of his eyes.The monk's behavior in protecting the funding so greatly encouraged sculptors and other construction workers that the carving work went on smoothly.Unfortunately Haitong died before the completion of his life's work.However, this work continued due to the support of the local people as well as Weigao and Zhangchou Jianqing,the local top military commanders.The word took up 90 years until 803 when it was completed.Since then the Buddha has watched over the river traffic for more than a thousand years to offset the large number of serious accidents in the river.Modern Chinese question whether safer boat gravel is due to his presence or to sime later-day dredging.As you get close to the Buddha,we can find out some scattered holes im rows around the Buddha.They are remains of so Called the Giant Buddha Pavilion.It was a nine-storied building set up during the Tang Dynasty to shelter the Buddha.It was renamed as the Lingyun Pavilion with 13 stories during the Song Dynasty.Unfortunately it was destroyed by a war during the Ming Dynasty.Since then the Buddha remains outside in the open space.The Giant Buddha has lasted over a thousand years, and still survives in good shape.Why? First of all, according to the studies on the ancient construction of the Buddha,the cliff face the Buddha occupies enjoys topographical advantages.It is on the southern side of the hill,where verdant trees grow so well as to protect rocks and slope from erosion.Secondly although the Buddha seats bordering on the confluence of the three rivers, the immense statue is carved into the cliff face inside the hill,which alleviate the severe damage by wind and water erosion.Finally there is a water-drainage system,hidden from view.The system starts with 1021 fastened hairs, which conect one another at the bace of the bead.The end of the hairs inter-links the shoulders,joining the simple-patterned robe pleats carved on the body.The hairs,shoulders and pleats naturally reveal a complete system that carries away the entire surface water on the body, where the water disappears underground.It is worth making several paes at the Buddha.From the ferry pier on the island,you climba steep road and through Lingyun Temple to a vantage point for viewing the buddha.You can go to the top,opposite the head, and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the top,oppoosite the head,and then descend a short zigzag stairway carved into the cliff to the feet for the different perspective viwepoints.A local boat paes by for a frontal view, which reveals two guardians in the cliff side, not visible from land,Wuyou Buddhist Monastery can be reached in 15 minutes by footpath from the Buddha,which is also from the Tang Dynasty with Ming and Qing renovations,Its layout is very similar to the other monasteries as we mentioned before.Walking along up Wuyou Hill,you can enjoy the quiet and beartiful scenery, The top of Wuyou Hill affords you a vision of an emerald-green tree forest, glazed golden tiles of the monastery roofs and the distant rivers.It would be a mistake to thind of Leshan as ome big Buddha, but it is wouth making a trip to Leshan,which will provide you with a pleasant picture made by the ancient Chinese sites and the beautiful nature being combined into a whole.九寨溝--英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞系列2
2010-01-31 goer 九寨溝中文件簡(jiǎn)介：
九寨溝風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)位于四川省阿壩藏族羌族自治州南坪縣境內(nèi)，距離成都市400多公里，是一條縱深40余公里的山溝谷地，因周圍有9 個(gè)藏族村寨而得名，總面積約620平方公里，大約有52％的面積被茂密的原始森林所覆蓋。林中夾生的箭竹和各種奇花異草，使舉世聞名的大熊貓、金絲猴、白唇鹿等珍稀動(dòng)物樂(lè)于棲息在此。自然景色兼有湖泊、瀑布、雪山、森林之美。溝中地僻人稀，景物特異，富于原始自然風(fēng)貌，有“童話世界”之譽(yù)。有長(zhǎng)海、劍巖、諾日朗、樹(shù)正、扎如、黑海六大景區(qū)，以翠海、疊瀑、彩林、雪峰、藏情這五絕而馳名中外。
（九寨溝導(dǎo)游地圖）九寨溝英文導(dǎo)游詞：
Jiuzhaigou's entrance gate was built shortly after Jiuzhaigou was listed into the World Natural Heritage Catalog in 1992.The gate reflects the features of Tibetan remote areas.The bark of logs wraps round the whole gate that appears primitive, but also displays the flavor of thew modern arts.It seems to tell us that you will find yourselves in the world's most exciting and unspoiled nature.As you know, Jiuxhaigou has been crowned with several titles: The World Natural Heritage, The World Bio-sphere Reserve, the Green Globe 21 and The State 4A-Level Scenery.Besides,each site and each image shows something more-the true eence, the spirit, and the magic of Jiuxhaigou, Jiuxhaigou's wonders inspire the country's top photographers and artists because the best of their work is here.Others expre their feelings through words, and there are numerous quotes from writers or visitors.However, many others articulate this land that seems indescribable.As the saying goes, it is better to see once than hear a hundred times.I think Jiuzhaigou's reputation attracts all of you to come here for a vidit.I believe, whether you are a frequent visitr or someone who simply enjoys beautiful places, the visit to Jiuzhaigou will be a perfect way to remember the unique sites and beauty of jiuzhaigou in days to come.Jiuzhaigou scenery is licated in jiuzhaigou County, the ASbe Tibetan and Qiang Nationality Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province.Jiuzhaigou literally means nine Tibetan village gullies, which are all scattered in the scenic area.The names of the villages are Heye, Shuzheng, Zech awa, Heijiao, Panya, Yala, Jianpan, Rexi and Guodu.Jiuzhaigou scenery has taden shape due to the geographic movement in glaciations, earthquakes and calcification.However, there is some folklore that vividly describes the formation of Jiuzhaigou.Here is a story.A long tome ago, a male and female hilly deities fell in love with each other.The man is called Dage and woman Wonuosemo, who decided to reside in Jiuzhaigou because they deeply loved Jiuzhaigou's birds and animals, and forests and mountains.Unexpectedly a devil called Shemozha found out that the female deity was so beautiful that ho fool in love with her, too.Two devil didn't like the male deity to live here in Jiuzhaigou.Therefore the devil waged a war in orser to drive the male deity out and marry the female deity.A fiere battle occurred between the deity and the devil.During the battle, the female deity was snatched away by the devil.Bewildered, the female deity dropped down to the ground her precious mirror given by the male deity.The mirror was broken into over a hundred pieces, which immediately turned into over hundred high mountains and beautiful lakes.The battle continued, and the male deity and the devil fought all the way from inner Jiuzhaigou to the entrance.Despite that, there was no sign indicating who would win the battle.At this critical moment, Zhayizhaga, the king of multi-mountains arrived to join the fight on the side of the male deity.The king first put a huge screen-shaped cliff behind the devil and then crashed the devil beneath the cliff.The devil was buried there, eith his head off the cliff.Afterwards lical people called the cliff the Devil Cliff.Now ot os called the Precious Mirror Cliff.Since then Jiuzhaigou returned to peace and looked more beautiful due to the newly added over a hundred colorful lakes and mountains.The man and womand lived together in Jiuzhaigou forever as the important deities to safeguard jiuzhaigou.Jiuzhaigou is 47 km long from the south to the north, 29 km wide from the east to the west, covering an area of 720sq.km.In 1990 Jiuzhaigou became one of 40 best scenic spots in the country;in 2000 Jiuzhaigou was evaluated as one of the first atate 4A-level sceneries in China;in 1992 Jiuzhaigou was listed on the World Bio-sphere Reserve.In Jiuzhaigou scenic area there are three gullies that seem to be in the shape of y.There distributed 108 lakes, 47 splashed waterfalls, 12 tirbi;emt screa,s.5 shoals and 3 Tibetan villages.All these scenic sites create a unique landscape of jiuzhaigou, to China and the rest of the world.If you get closer to view the cliff that is over a thousand-ren cliff, you may see a bizarre figure image on the cliff.What does it look alike? It is a devil's face, and it is now called the Precilous Mirror Cliff.Down the cliff is a gully called Zharugou, where stands Zharu Monastery.In Sichuan Tibetan areas local Tibetan people believe in what can be properlyu described as "Lamaism", an ancient strain of Tantric Indian Buddhism, coupled with Tibetan Shamanism.It flourishes in regions inhabited by the Tibetan and Mongolian people.During the reign of Songzan Gapu in the 7th to 9th century, monks from India croed the Himalayas through Nepal and arrived at Tibet to spread Tantrism.Tantrism, Mahayana and Bon, the indigenous religion of Tibet, intermingled and developed into Lamaism that strongly believes in reincarnation.Lama means "teacher" or "superiorbeing".A lama must be a monk, but not all monks can become lamas.Lamaism has several sects: the Yellow, the Red, the Black and others.The YellowSect, founded by Tsong kha pa in the early 15th century, and rapidly grew into the dominant sect thanks to the support of the Qing government.The Yellow Sect perfected the Tibetan Buddhism and greatly promoted the evolution of the mergence of govetnment administration with religion the Tihetan a Buddha in your present lifetime.The monks in Zharu monastery believe in the Black Sect Buddhismthat is also called Bon.The religious activity of the Black Sect, much more influenced by the indigenous religilon, has centered on the primciplkes that everything has spirit;the Black Sect followers pray to gain happine and drive out disasters.Yoy may be aware of the dense forest growing along the sides of the road.it mirrors together thescenic sites of main plants in Jiuzhaigou.The evergreen plants consists of Chinese pine, hemlock, fir and dragon spruce;the red-leaf plants are maple, little tiller, smoke tree and others;the yellow-leaf plants are birchm, golden-rain tree, elm, larch, poplar mix together in harmony, offering a rainbow of natural pictures that easily please to our eyes, It is commonly believe that the colerful plant scenery is one of the main features manifested in Jiuzhaigou.As autumn arrives, the plants keep changing their colors.As colorful leaves and forests are mirrored on the lakes around, the stunning color images seem to allure viewers into
