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        鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞(推薦6篇)

        發(fā)布時(shí)間:2022-10-26 20:49:45

        千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞(推薦6篇)》,但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞(推薦6篇)》。

        第一篇:江蘇鎮(zhèn)江市的導(dǎo)游詞

        各位游客朋友:

        大家好!

        現(xiàn)在我們來到了古西津渡街。在大家參觀之前,我先簡要介紹一下這條古街?!斑b遠(yuǎn)的東方有一條龍,它的名字叫長江?!遍L江和古街究竟有什么關(guān)系呢?歷史上古西津渡街枕于長江之上,因此大家可以看到券門上刻有“枕江”二字。隨著長江北岸坍江,南岸淤積,主航道不斷北移,長江向東延伸。現(xiàn)在長江南岸已經(jīng)北移了數(shù)公里。從清代時(shí)候開始,這里便成了一條熱鬧的商業(yè)街。在“枕江”二字下面是53坡,大家猜一下,一共有多少級(jí)臺(tái)階?恩,張小姐說對(duì)了,一共53級(jí)。53坡的名稱源自于佛教53參圖的來歷,關(guān)于53參圖的傳說我在金山寺已和大家詳細(xì)介紹過了,53坡只是古西津渡街的一個(gè)開始,讓我們一起去開啟它那耐人尋味的歷史畫卷吧!

        在53坡的西面是鎮(zhèn)江博物館,原英國領(lǐng)事館,主樓為古印度建筑,在樓的頂端刻有“1890”的字樣。這個(gè)數(shù)字為什么會(huì)刻在上面呢?1857年英法發(fā)動(dòng)第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭,清政府屈服于外國列強(qiáng),被迫簽下不平等的《天津條約》,將鎮(zhèn)江開辟為通商口岸。1888年,英國巡捕打死鎮(zhèn)江的一個(gè)小販,激起了鎮(zhèn)江人民的憤怒,火燒英國領(lǐng)事館,由于清政府的軟弱無能,于1890年在此原址上重建英國領(lǐng)事館。

        “1890”這個(gè)數(shù)字是中國屈辱史的見證,將它高高的掛在樓頂是為了警戒善良的人們,歷史不能忘記。目前館內(nèi)珍藏有從原始社會(huì)到明清時(shí)期重要的歷史、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)文物3萬余件,其中還有國家一級(jí)文物。現(xiàn)在鎮(zhèn)江博物館是國家文物保護(hù)單位。

        順著古街向東望去,我們隱約看到一個(gè)石塔,這就是昭關(guān)石塔,該塔建于元代,是一座過街石塔,高5米,分塔座,塔身,塔頸,塔頂幾部分。呈亞字形,上刻有佛八寶。鎮(zhèn)江的昭關(guān)石塔是我國江南唯一的一座喇嘛式過街石塔,只要你穿過一次石塔,表示你誠心誠意拜一次佛。

        在石塔的旁邊是救生會(huì)。救生會(huì)建于清代光緒年間,是有錢人成立的善事機(jī)構(gòu),當(dāng)時(shí)長江經(jīng)常有險(xiǎn)情,為了鼓勵(lì)人們積極主動(dòng)的救護(hù)船只和渡江人,每救一人救生會(huì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)救人者一兩白金。無主安葬的人救生會(huì)買棺木安葬。

        這條街充滿著宗教色彩,在前面券門上可以看到“同登覺路,共渡慈航”這八個(gè)字。穿過券門和石塔就是觀音洞,繼續(xù)前進(jìn),就是唐代金陵渡。由此我們想起唐代大詩人張祜吟頌的千古絕唱《題金陵渡》:“金陵津渡小山樓,一宿行人自可愁。潮落夜江斜月里,兩三星火是瓜洲?!?/p>

        過了金陵渡,就是待渡亭,為當(dāng)時(shí)京江24景之一。待渡亭是元明清時(shí)期的過江碼頭。有這樣一句詩:“腰纏十萬貫,騎鶴下?lián)P州?!碑?dāng)時(shí)古西津渡街是人們?nèi)ソ鹕健P(yáng)州的必經(jīng)之路。意大利探險(xiǎn)家馬可波羅曾在次登船上岸。詩人陸游曾經(jīng)過古渡,記下:閑日同閱往來渡者,無慮千人,大抵多軍人也。西津古渡當(dāng)時(shí)不僅擔(dān)任普通客運(yùn),也擔(dān)負(fù)軍運(yùn)任務(wù),為重要的交通樞紐。

        “唐宋元明清,從古說到今”。人們是這樣總結(jié)古西津渡街的。我們在游覽過程中,看到了唐代碼頭,宋代街道,元代石塔,明代酒肆,清代救生會(huì)以及近代英國領(lǐng)事館。1982年英籍女作家韓素音來鎮(zhèn)江,漫步在這條古街石板上,贊嘆這條古街是一座天然的博物館,是鎮(zhèn)江旅游的金礦。

        歷史在不經(jīng)意間滑過了幾千年,時(shí)光的流逝并沒有模糊了人們的雙眼,“千年古渡,百年老街”的歷史風(fēng)貌如同昨日,風(fēng)雨依然清晰的呈現(xiàn)在人們的眼前。

        各位女士們,先生們,古西津渡街就給各位介紹到這里,請(qǐng)大家隨我一同在古街上去領(lǐng)略歷史沉淀下來的痕跡。

        第二篇:簡單的鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞

        Jinshan is located in the northwest of Zhenjiang City, 43.7 meters above sea level, covering an area of 41.6 hectares. Jinshan is one of the scenic spots in China since ancient times. In ancient times, Jinshan was originally an island standing in the middle of the Yangtze River, with the reputation of "a beautiful Hibiscus in the middle of the river". In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Hu described it as "seeing in the shadows of trees and hearing the bells on both sides of the river"; in the Northern Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo praised it as "the water on both sides of the building is connected, and the sky is in the mirror in the north and South of the river". It used to be an island in the Yangtze River. Due to the "great river flowing to the East", it was connected with the land around the end of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1903). There are many places of interest in Jinshan, such as lengjietai, miaogaotai, Guanyinge, Fahai cave, guxianren cave, gubailong cave, etc.

        There are many places of interest in Jinshan. The exquisite and beautiful cishou pagoda stands on the top of the mountain in the northwest of Jinshan mountain, 30 meters high. It matches the whole Jinshan mountain and the Jinshan Temple just right, as if it has lifted the mountain. The brick and wood structure of the tower, up and down traffic, each floor eight sides have corridors and railings, eight sides ventilation, there are scenery, different scenery layers, Song Dynasty Wang Anshi poem: "several towers pillow layers of stone, four wall windows open face wind, suddenly see the birds fly on the ground, start startled in mid air.". Another example is the lengjietai, miaogaotai, Guanyin Pavilion, Fahai cave, guxianren cave, ancient Bailong cave and other places of interest. They are all built on the basis of rock drilling by the side of the mountain. Their ingenious design makes people admire the magical wisdom and superb art of the builders. Zhang Chuanshan, a great poet and calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, said in his crossing the river in the snow on the 16th: "old friends, when they fold bamboo slips together, the road is not far from the river. The mellow wine steals away the snow in Jingkou, and the big sail presses the tide in Haimen. The lights in Yangzhou are hard to make the moon, and the Sheng song in Wu city is left with this flute. The wind and waves are thousands of miles away, and the two wonderful lotus flowers are Jinjiao. " Compare Jinshan to a beautiful lotus.

        Jinshan has many names since ancient times. The ancients compared the Yangtze River to the perfume sea, comparing the mountain to the seven Jinshan in Huayan Jing, so it is called Jinshan. There is another saying in the book of nine regions written by Wang Cun of the Song Dynasty: Fa Hai, an eminent monk of the Tang Dynasty, came here to repair the temple for his son. He cut through thorns and thorns in the mountains every day and dug gold one day. Li Qi, a local official, rebelled against the emperor. The emperor ordered that gold be handed over to Fahai for temple restoration, and the mountain was named Jinshan. In addition, Jinshan was once called Zexin mountain, Fuyu mountain, Huofu mountain, Longyou mountain, Zijin Mountain, etc. The name of Jinshan is related to Jinshan Temple, which is built cleverly according to the mountain and has a unique architectural style. There are many buildings in the back of the temple, and the pavilions and pavilions are connected layer by layer. The mountain and the temple are integrated to form a group of ancient buildings. The scenery is spectacular and magnificent, forming a unique style of "temple wrapped mountain". Since the Song Dynasty, there has been a saying in Beijing that "Jinshan Temple wraps the mountain, Jiaoshan mountain wraps the temple.".

        Jinshan is also known as "myth mountain". Every historic site on the mountain has charming myths, legends and stories. This is the origin of the well-known Chinese classical myth "the legend of the White Snake", which is widely spread among the people and adds a very charming color to this famous city. In the novel Shuo Yue Quan Zhuan, Yue Fei visited the Jinshan historic site "Qifeng Pavilion", which has a pleasant scenery. In the chapter novel water margin, Zhang Shun lies in Jinshan Temple in the night, and Song Jiang takes Runzhou city (that is, today's Zhenjiang City) wisely. Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty visited Jinshan many times and left many "imperial" cultural relics. There are many folk tales about Qianlong in Jinshan, which makes Jinshan more famous. Poets, calligraphers, celebrities and scholars of all ages, such as Bai Juyi, Li Bai, Zhang Hu, sun bream, Su Dongpo, Wang Anshi, Shen Tuo, Fan Zhongyan, Zhao Mengfu and Wang Yangming, visited the scenic spots and left many precious relics and popular chants. Since the Tang Dynasty, there has been an endless stream of international friends and tourists. Yang xuezhou, a Japanese painting monk in the Ming Dynasty, lived in Jinshan for two and a half years. He painted "the picture of Jinshan Longyou temple in the middle of Yangtze River in the Tang Dynasty" and other paintings about Jinshan, which are now preserved in the temple.

        Jinshan, a green snail like hill, contains a lot of romantic past events and has infinite charm, attracting numerous Chinese and foreign poets and tourists. Some people say that "if you don't go to Jinshan in Zhenjiang, you've never been to Zhenjiang". This has its own truth. When you visit Jinshan, you will understand the mystery. Jinshan tour route

        Jiangtian Temple -- sunset Pavilion -- Guanyin Pavilion -- lengjiatai -- foyinshanfang -- Jinshan Sibao -- cishita -- gufahai Cave -- Liuyun Pavilion -- miaogaotai -- Qifeng Pavilion -- Bailong Cave -- Chaoyang Cave -- guxianren Cave -- Yudai bridge -- yudock -- GuoPu tomb -- Jiangtian temple, the first spring in the world

        第三篇:鎮(zhèn)江金山寺導(dǎo)游詞100字

        白娘子水漫金山寺的神話故事可謂家喻戶曉,許多人正是從水漫金山開始認(rèn)識(shí)金山、了解鎮(zhèn)江的。

        金山位于鎮(zhèn)江市的西北,海拔44米,繞山一周約520米。它原是屹立在長江中的一個(gè)島嶼,號(hào)稱“江心一朵芙蓉”。唐朝詩人張祜(Hù)的詩句“樹影中流見,鐘聲兩岸聞”就是當(dāng)時(shí)金山的寫照。后來滄桑變遷,長江改道,光緒年間金山逐漸與南岸相連,“騎驢上金山”風(fēng)行一時(shí),成為清末民初朝山觀光者的一種奇妙享受。 現(xiàn)在的金山,整個(gè)景區(qū)共有30余處景點(diǎn)和古跡,每一處都有一段動(dòng)人的神話和傳說:如白娘子水漫金山寺,梁紅玉擊鼓抗金兵,岳飛金山寺詳夢等等,令人回味無窮。

        第四篇:簡單的鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞

        Dear tourists, at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal, there is a shining pearl, Zhenjiang, a beautiful historical and cultural city.

        Zhenjiang city is located in the middle of Jiangsu Province, on the South Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is located at the intersection of the two golden waterways of the motherland. The Beijing Shanghai railway runs across the East and West, surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing water on one side. Since ancient times, Zhenjiang City has been an important commercial port and military strategist in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In Song Dynasty, it was named "Zhenjiang" because of its strong spirit and dangerous situation, which was enough to control the north and south of the river and defend the river. Since 1985, Zhenjiang has been listed as an open coastal city, an important tourist city, a national health city and a famous historical and cultural city. In 1987, Zhenjiang port, one of the top ten ports in China and the third largest port in the Yangtze River, was officially opened to foreign ships.

        Zhenjiang is an ancient cultural city with a long history. According to historical records, it has a history of more than 3000 years. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was called Yihou fiefdom. In the spring and Autumn period, it was named Zhufang. In the Warring States period, it was called Guyang. In the Qin Dynasty, it was changed to Dantu. In the Three Kingdoms, it was also called Jingkou. In the Southern Dynasties, it was called Southern Xuzhou. In the Sui Dynasty, it was changed to Yanling County and set up Runzhou. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty (1113), Runzhou was promoted to Zhenjiang Prefecture, the name of which is still used today.

        Zhenjiang has a unique geographical location and is deeply affected by the marine climate. It is warm and humid all the year round, with an average annual temperature of 15. The annual average precipitation is more than 1000 mm. The annual average sunshine rate is 47%, and the annual sunshine hours are more than 2000 hours. The climate features are: mild and humid throughout the year, four distinct seasons; sunny and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, crisp and crisp in autumn, dry and slightly cold in winter; moderate precipitation throughout the year, relatively uniform seasonal distribution. This typical climate in the south of the Yangtze River is very beneficial to agricultural production and tourism.

        Zhenjiang is a famous ancient city with mountains in the East, West and South and picturesque rivers in the north. "City in the mountains, mountains in the city", known as the "city forest". Zhenjiang is one of the key tourist cities in China. The city has two national key cultural relics protection units, Jiaoshan stele forest and Danyang tombs of the Southern Dynasties. The "three mountains" scenic spot in the urban area and the southern suburb scenic spot are provincial scenic spots. There are also Maoshan provincial scenic spot and Baohua Mountain Provincial mountain forest natural resources reserve near the urban area.

        Zhenjiang scenic spots are rich in beauty, with the unique features of real mountains, water, ancient, cave, harbor and spring.

        Mountain refers to the magnificent Jinshan, the majestic Jiaoshan, and the precipitous Beigu mountain. The three mountains have different styles and are called "the southeast of the three mountains in Jingkou";

        Water refers to the water tour features composed of the Yangtze River and the ancient canal;

        Ancient, refers to the ancient city style and long history and cultural relics;

        Cave refers to Penggong crystal cave, Maoshan Huayang cave and other cave wonders in the suburbs;

        Port refers to Xijin ancient ferry, Zhenjiang port and other ports;

        Spring refers to a series of spring sites such as "the best spring in the world" in Jinshan.

        There are four "world No.1" scenic spots in the urban area: Beigu mountain, the "world No.1 River and mountain", Zhongling spring, the "world No.1 River and mountain building", multi view building, and Lingyun Pavilion.

        ·Hanshan Temple tour guide, Zhouzhuang tour guide, Yangzhou Slender West Lake tour guide, Huai'an tour guide, Confucius temple tour guide

        There are "four pagodas" with different styles: cishou Wooden Pagoda of jiangtianchan temple, Weigong iron tower of Ganlu temple, Zhaoguan stone pagoda of Xijin ancient ferry, and sengjia brick pagoda of dingshishan.

        There are "four caves" full of magical colors: Jinshan Bailong cave, Fahai cave, Jiaoshan Sanzhao cave and southern suburb lotus cave.

        Zhenjiang, located in the "dragon neck" position of the Yangtze River economic open belt with Shanghai as the "leader", is a central city in the Shanghai Nanjing Economic Corridor of the Yangtze River Delta. With the deepening of reform and opening up, the comprehensive green economy strength of Zhenjiang City has entered the top 50 in China. Now it has jurisdiction over Jingkou, Runzhou, Dantu County and Yangzhong, Jurong and Danyang. The city has a total area of 3779 square kilometers and a total population of over 2.63 million. The urban area is 247 square kilometers and the population is about 520000.

        Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhenjiang has dredged the Grand Canal, built 10000 ton berths and wharves, and is navigable to 50 countries and regions including Japan, Singapore, the United States and Canada. Railways and highways are crisscrossed into a network, extending in all directions. Nanjing airport and Changzhou airport are on the East and West wings respectively, forming a three-dimensional transportation network connecting rivers, rivers and seas, and connecting sea, land and air.

        Zhenjiang's pleasant climate makes it the best season for tourism throughout the year. With convenient transportation and complete modern communication facilities and service facilities, it has created excellent conditions for tourism development.

        Tourists: Zhenjiang, a pearl inlaid in the South Bank of the Yangtze River, will greet guests from all over the world with a more charming attitude!

        第五篇:簡單的鎮(zhèn)江英語導(dǎo)游詞

        Dear tourists, at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal, there is a shining pearl, Zhenjiang, a beautiful historical and cultural city.

        Zhenjiang city is located in the middle of Jiangsu Province, on the South Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is located at the intersection of the two golden waterways of the motherland. The Beijing Shanghai railway runs across the East and West, surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing water on one side. Since ancient times, Zhenjiang City has been an important commercial port and military strategist in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In Song Dynasty, it was named "Zhenjiang" because of its strong spirit and dangerous situation, which was enough to control the north and south of the river and defend the river. Since 1985, Zhenjiang has been listed as an open coastal city, an important tourist city, a national health city and a famous historical and cultural city. In 1987, Zhenjiang port, one of the top ten ports in China and the third largest port in the Yangtze River, was officially opened to foreign ships.

        Zhenjiang is an ancient cultural city with a long history. According to historical records, it has a history of more than 3000 years. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was called Yihou fiefdom. In the spring and Autumn period, it was named Zhufang. In the Warring States period, it was called Guyang. In the Qin Dynasty, it was changed to Dantu. In the Three Kingdoms, it was also called Jingkou. In the Southern Dynasties, it was called Southern Xuzhou. In the Sui Dynasty, it was changed to Yanling County and set up Runzhou. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty (1113), Runzhou was promoted to Zhenjiang Prefecture, the name of which is still used today.

        Zhenjiang has a unique geographical location and is deeply affected by the marine climate. It is warm and humid all the year round, with an average annual temperature of 15. The annual average precipitation is more than 1000 mm. The annual average sunshine rate is 47%, and the annual sunshine hours are more than 20xx hours. The climate features are: mild and humid throughout the year, four distinct seasons; sunny and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, crisp and crisp in autumn, dry and slightly cold in winter; moderate precipitation throughout the year, relatively uniform seasonal distribution. This typical climate in the south of the Yangtze River is very beneficial to agricultural production and tourism.

        Zhenjiang is a famous ancient city with mountains in the East, West and South and picturesque rivers in the north. "City in the mountains, mountains in the city", known as the "city forest". Zhenjiang is one of the key tourist cities in China. The city has two national key cultural relics protection units, Jiaoshan stele forest and Danyang tombs of the Southern Dynasties. The "three mountains" scenic spot in the urban area and the southern suburb scenic spot are provincial scenic spots. There are also Maoshan provincial scenic spot and Baohua Mountain Provincial mountain forest natural resources reserve near the urban area.

        Zhenjiang scenic spots are rich in beauty, with the unique features of real mountains, water, ancient, cave, harbor and spring.

        Mountain refers to the magnificent Jinshan, the majestic Jiaoshan, and the precipitous Beigu mountain. The three mountains have different styles and are called "the southeast of the three mountains in Jingkou";

        Water refers to the water tour features composed of the Yangtze River and the ancient canal;

        Ancient, refers to the ancient city style and long history and cultural relics;

        Cave refers to Penggong crystal cave, Maoshan Huayang cave and other cave wonders in the suburbs;

        Port refers to Xijin ancient ferry, Zhenjiang port and other ports;

        Spring refers to a series of spring sites such as "the best spring in the world" in Jinshan.

        There are four "world No.1" scenic spots in the urban area: Beigu mountain, the "world No.1 River and mountain", Zhongling spring, the "world No.1 River and mountain building", multi view building, and Lingyun Pavilion.

        ?Hanshan Temple tour guide, Zhouzhuang tour guide, Yangzhou Slender West Lake tour guide, Huai'an tour guide, Confucius temple tour guide

        There are "four pagodas" with different styles: cishou Wooden Pagoda of jiangtianchan temple, Weigong iron tower of Ganlu temple, Zhaoguan stone pagoda of Xijin ancient ferry, and sengjia brick pagoda of dingshishan.

        There are "four caves" full of magical colors: Jinshan Bailong cave, Fahai cave, Jiaoshan Sanzhao cave and southern suburb lotus cave.

        Zhenjiang, located in the "dragon neck" position of the Yangtze River economic open belt with Shanghai as the "leader", is a central city in the Shanghai Nanjing Economic Corridor of the Yangtze River Delta. With the deepening of reform and opening up, the comprehensive green economy strength of Zhenjiang City has entered the top 50 in China. Now it has jurisdiction over Jingkou, Runzhou, Dantu County and Yangzhong, Jurong and Danyang. The city has a total area of 3779 square kilometers and a total population of over 2.63 million. The urban area is 247 square kilometers and the population is about 520000.

        Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhenjiang has dredged the Grand Canal, built 10000 ton berths and wharves, and is navigable to 50 countries and regions including Japan, Singapore, the United States and Canada. Railways and highways are crisscrossed into a network, extending in all directions. Nanjing airport and Changzhou airport are on the East and West wings respectively, forming a three-dimensional transportation network connecting rivers, rivers and seas, and connecting sea, land and air.

        Zhenjiang's pleasant climate makes it the best season for tourism throughout the year. With convenient transportation and complete modern communication facilities and service facilities, it has created excellent conditions for tourism development.

        Tourists: Zhenjiang, a pearl inlaid in the South Bank of the Yangtze River, will greet guests from all over the world with a more charming attitude!

        第六篇:導(dǎo)游導(dǎo)游詞

        天子山

        各位朋友:

        大家好!

        歡迎各位來到武陵源觀光游覽,很高興能為大家導(dǎo)游,接下來我們將要游覽的地方是武陵源中心景區(qū)之一,被譽(yù)為“峰林之王”的天子山自然保護(hù)區(qū)。天子山風(fēng)景秀麗,氣候宜人,舉目遠(yuǎn)眺,千山萬壑是盡收眼底。大家眼前看到的這種奇特的地貌叫做石英砂巖峰林地貌。根據(jù)科學(xué)論證:3億多年以前,這里曾是一片汪洋大海。大約在1億年前左右,由于海浪的沖擊,石英砂巖在海底沉積了500多米厚。后來,經(jīng)過新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈抬升,這里成為了陸地。地面抬升后,在流水深切的作用下,一些細(xì)小的沙石被沖走,加上在重力作用下巖石崩塌,又被雨水、溪流慢慢地沖刷等綜合作用,使武陵源地區(qū)在漫長的歲月中逐漸形成了這種奇特的石英砂巖峰林地貌??吹酱饲榇司?,我想沒有人不會(huì)為這大自然的鬼斧神工而驚嘆!那么下面就請(qǐng)大家跟我一起徒步漫游,用心去體會(huì)這“擴(kuò)大的盆景,縮小的仙境”,欣賞那“峰林之王”的無窮魅力。

        好了,現(xiàn)在我們來到的地方是神堂灣。神堂灣是武陵源景區(qū)最為神秘的地方。為什么說它神秘呢?神堂灣共有巖墩九級(jí),曾經(jīng)有人想進(jìn)山探險(xiǎn),可他才下到四五十丈深的第四級(jí),就是一片漆黑,陰風(fēng)怒號(hào),還伴著各種凄厲的叫聲,使人毛骨悚然,魂飛天外。1968年解放軍某部為采靈芝等貴重藥材,帶上槍,利用繩索等工具,也只下到第六墩就不敢再下去了,因?yàn)閺牧胀驴矗€是陰森恐怖、深不見底。因此,“神堂灣”這個(gè)地方從此以后便成為了無人涉足的神秘世界。

        大家現(xiàn)在所處的地方是“點(diǎn)將臺(tái)”,相傳向王天子當(dāng)年就是在這個(gè)地方操練軍隊(duì),發(fā)號(hào)施令,那是何等的威風(fēng)!請(qǐng)大家仔細(xì)觀察山下的一座座石峰,粗看是雜亂無章,細(xì)看則是井然有序,它們一個(gè)個(gè)氣宇軒昂,精神抖擻,威武壯觀,整齊嚴(yán)肅,不正像是即將出征的將士嗎?這不禁令人想起了宋代著名的詞人蘇軾的《題西林寺壁》∶“橫看成嶺側(cè)成峰,遠(yuǎn)近高低各不同,不識(shí)廬山真面目,只緣身在此山中?!?/p>

        現(xiàn)在我們到達(dá)的景點(diǎn)是整個(gè)武陵源唯一的一處大型人文景觀賀龍公園,進(jìn)人公園,我們首先看到的就是這尊賀龍銅像,銅像高6.5米,包括戰(zhàn)馬一起重達(dá)9噸多,是中國近百年來的偉人中最大最重的一尊銅像。

        在銅像背后的不遠(yuǎn)處,便是“云青巖”觀景臺(tái),從這里可以觀賞到著名的“西海石林”。西海啊是名副其實(shí)的山的海洋,我們可以看到上千座山峰風(fēng)起云涌般展現(xiàn)在我們的眼底。

        請(qǐng)大家看前方的不遠(yuǎn)處,有一排秀麗精致的石峰,形如筆桿。這就是武陵源“十大絕景”之一的“御筆峰”,相傳向王天子兵敗以后,曾經(jīng)焚毀所有文稿,可當(dāng)他看到這幾支御筆時(shí),想到曾經(jīng)用它們批閱公文,指揮過千軍萬馬,如今卻功敗垂成,自己又有何顏面面對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)父老,于是悲憤地將幾支御筆擲落于山谷之中。然而筆通靈氣,落地成峰,形成了大家眼前看到的“御筆峰”。如果在紅霞滿天的時(shí)候來看,御筆熠熠生輝,筆尖還殘留著幾點(diǎn)朱紅墨跡。1994年,國家郵電部發(fā)行的“武陵源”郵票和首日封,以及大家手中的武陵源Ic卡門票上的圖案,都是用“御筆峰”作背景的。

        各位朋友,接下來請(qǐng)大家來欣賞“天女獻(xiàn)花”的秀麗吧。請(qǐng)大家順著我手指的方向看到對(duì)面山嶺的中部,在朦朧的云霧中是不是有一個(gè)美女的倩影在云霧中亭亭玉立呢。你們看,她懷抱花籃,嘴含微笑,正深情地把朵朵鮮花撒向人間,因而稱之為“天女獻(xiàn)花”。

        天子山的風(fēng)景是迷人的,這里的民風(fēng)也是淳樸的,這里有看不完的風(fēng)景,講不完的故事,因此有人評(píng)價(jià)天子山為“誰人識(shí)得天子面,歸來不看天下山”。但愿天子山的景色留給大家的是永遠(yuǎn)美好的回憶,希望大家下次再來天子山觀光旅游。謝謝大家!

        金鞭溪

        各位朋友:

        大家好!

        今天我們將要參觀的是有著“千年長旱不斷流,萬年連雨水碧青”美譽(yù)的金鞭溪。金鞭溪是世界上最美麗的峽谷之一,整個(gè)峽谷全長大約

        7、5千米。金鞭溪就好比是張家界這位“絕代佳麗”身上的一條藍(lán)色絲巾,它把“奇峰三千、秀水八百”的山水美發(fā)揮到了極致!那么金鞭溪究竟是一條什么樣的峽谷呢?著名文學(xué)家沈從文先生贊譽(yù)它是“張家界的少女”,當(dāng)年張家界的宣傳者——著名畫家吳冠中先生在此曾贊嘆它是“一片童話般的世界”,現(xiàn)在就請(qǐng)大家跟隨我沿著吳老和沈老先生當(dāng)年的足跡去揭開金鞭溪神秘的面紗吧!

        請(qǐng)大家注意看左邊這些奇特的植物,它就是國家一級(jí)保護(hù)植物——珙桐。珙桐是多年生木本花卉,通常在春末夏初時(shí)節(jié)開花,花呈白色,柱頭上略帶-點(diǎn)紫紅,很像鴿子的頭和嘴,花身有兩片又大又長的苞片,像是一對(duì)翅膀。整個(gè)花朵的形狀就像一只放飛的鴿子,這是我國特有的珍貴樹種,因而外國人親切地稱它為“中國鴿子花”。

        現(xiàn)在大家請(qǐng)看眼前峽谷的兩旁,這種高大而華貴的塔形樹,這也是國家一級(jí)保護(hù)植物——水杉。水杉是一種非常古老的樹種,人們曾經(jīng)以為已經(jīng)在第四紀(jì)冰川襲擊時(shí)期絕跡了。然而1941年我國的植物學(xué)家在四川省萬縣的磨刀溝發(fā)現(xiàn)了它。1982年開發(fā)張家界時(shí),人們發(fā)現(xiàn)這里生長著大面積的水杉及3000多種珍奇植物,這真是大自然賜予的一筆巨大的財(cái)富。

        大家請(qǐng)往右前方看,前面這座高聳如云的石柱就是聞名遐爾的金鞭巖,而金鞭溪就是因?yàn)殚L年流經(jīng)此巖而得名的。它高378米,方方正正,上細(xì)下粗,棱角分明,如同一支高舉的鋼鞭,直指云霄,令人望而生畏。加上其巖石結(jié)構(gòu)為紅色石英砂巖和石灰?guī)r,在陽光照射下,金光閃閃,故名金鞭巖。金鞭巖是整個(gè)張家界景區(qū)最高、最陡、最壯觀的石峰,人們稱贊它是“名山大川處處有,惟有金鞭奇上奇”!更為奇特的還有呢,再請(qǐng)大家看緊緊依偎著神鞭左邊的巨峰,它好像一只雄鷹,鷹頭高昂,凌空展翅.一只翅膀還有力地半抱金鞭巖,氣勢雄偉,所以叫做“神鷹護(hù)鞭”,這也是金鞭溪的王牌景點(diǎn)之一。

        看了金鞭巖的雄姿,大家可能會(huì)奇怪:大自然為何如此神奇?據(jù)科學(xué)論證:

        3億8千萬年以前,這里曾是一片汪洋大海。大約1億年前左右,由于海浪的沖擊,石英砂巖在海底沉積了500多米厚,后來,經(jīng)新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈抬升,這里成為陸地。地面抬升后,在流水深切的作用下,一些細(xì)小的沙石被沖走,加上在重力作用下巖石崩塌,又被雨水、溪流慢慢地沖刷等綜合作用,使張家界地區(qū)在漫長的歲月中經(jīng)風(fēng)化、流水切割,逐漸形成了由一系列柱峰、方山、峽谷組合而成的這種奇特的石英砂巖峰林地貌??吹酱饲榇司?,沒有人不為大自然的鬼斧神工而驚嘆!

        峰回路轉(zhuǎn),鳥語花香,不知道大家注意到?jīng)]有,沿溪遍布著一種形狀怪異的花,它的形狀特別像龍蝦,不錯(cuò),這就是龍蝦花。龍蝦花是一種珍貴的草本植物,它春天發(fā)芽,夏天開花,秋天結(jié)實(shí),冬天落葉。根據(jù)花形大小不同,一般可分為三種,當(dāng)?shù)厝朔Q花小的為“米蝦花”,花大的叫“龍蝦花”,介于中間的就是我們現(xiàn)在看到的這種叫“河蝦花”。

        人們都說武陵源有兩只明亮的眼睛,現(xiàn)在看到的就是其中之一的——紫草潭。據(jù)說以前潭壁上長年攀生著一種紫色的草,因而得名“紫草潭”。在這里,河道陡然變寬,從砂刀溝直瀉而下的水經(jīng)過長約15米的層層阻滯已變得沒有多少波紋和漣漪了,水平如鏡,紫草潭寬4米,水深約5米,是國家二級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物娃娃魚生活的溫床,也曾經(jīng)是著名的金鞭魚產(chǎn)地。

        黃石寨

        各位朋友:

        大家好!

        歡迎來到張家界,非常高興能同大家一起游覽張家界最大的凌空觀景臺(tái)——黃石寨。人們常說“不到黃石寨,枉來張家界”,可見黃石寨是整個(gè)張家界風(fēng)景的精華,一位著名詩人曾經(jīng)這樣評(píng)價(jià)黃石寨:“五步稱奇,七步叫絕,十步之外,目瞪口呆?!标P(guān)于黃石寨的名稱有兩種說法:第一種說法是,漢留侯張良曾在此山居住,為紀(jì)念師傅黃石公,修廟祭祀,取名黃石寨;另一種說法是從遠(yuǎn)處眺望,此山像一頭威猛的雄獅,所以又稱“黃獅寨”。

        下面就請(qǐng)大家跟隨我一起沿著這條“杉林幽徑”來欣賞兩旁讓人目不暇接的風(fēng)景吧。這是一排排陡峭而又曲折的石級(jí),自古登黃石寨只有后山一條路,今天走的這條路,是十多年前人工開鑿的。

        大家請(qǐng)注意聽,前面?zhèn)鱽砹岁囮嚫杪?。這是悅耳動(dòng)聽的土家山歌,前面便是土家姑娘的點(diǎn)歌臺(tái)。一個(gè)個(gè)衣著秀麗的土家姑娘正在載歌載舞地歡迎著各位來賓,她們優(yōu)美的歌聲是否會(huì)喚起您對(duì)土家民風(fēng)的無限向往呢?她們的熱情好客、淳樸善良是否帶給您一種從未有過的輕松和快樂?此時(shí)此刻,您是否已經(jīng)感悟到張家界“山美、水美、人更美”的真諦呢?

        大家請(qǐng)看右邊對(duì)面的山上,有一個(gè)約20米高的圓形石柱,上面還有一塊長約3米、寬1.5米的石匣,石匣上有一個(gè)石蓋,這石蓋一半凌空,一半蓋于匣上,周圍環(huán)繞著五棵翠綠的松柏。傳說張良曾將黃石公的三卷天書藏于匣內(nèi),后因戰(zhàn)事平息,張良又取出天書放置在其他地方,但他卻忘記合上抽蓋,至今留下一只半掩半開的石匣。由于石匣內(nèi)曾藏過天書,因而被人譽(yù)稱為“天書寶匣”。

        好了,我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到半山腰了,離“會(huì)當(dāng)凌絕頂”的寨頂只差一半的路程了。大家請(qǐng)看前方,兩山相擠,中間僅有一條通道,大有“一夫當(dāng)關(guān),萬夫莫開”的氣勢,這里就是“南天門”。

        大家請(qǐng)看這邊,順著我手指方向的便是“定海神針”。它高大挺拔,巍然屹立,似乎在用強(qiáng)硬的身軀支撐著整座大山?!岸êI襻槨迸c“金鞭巖”遙遙相對(duì),形成了一幅十分壯觀的“天然壯景”。那前面這座孤立的柱峰又是什么景點(diǎn)呢?它拔地而起,直插云霄,高達(dá)300余米,這就是張家界有名的“南天一柱”了,因?yàn)榱⒃谀咸扉T下面而得名?!澳咸煲恢笔钦麄€(gè)“武陵源”風(fēng)景的特寫,它拔地而起,上大下小。在它身上有一種歷經(jīng)萬年滄桑卻仍然堅(jiān)韌不拔的精神,是整個(gè)“武陵源”石英砂巖峰林地貌景觀的縮影,也是“張家界國際森林保護(hù)節(jié)”的節(jié)徽和標(biāo)志。

        說起石英砂巖峰林地貌,大家一定會(huì)覺得奇怪,大自然為何如此神奇?根據(jù)科學(xué)論證:3億多年以前,這里曾是一片汪洋大海。大約在1億年前左右,由于海浪的沖擊,石英砂巖在海底沉積了500多米厚。后來,經(jīng)過新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈抬升,這里成為了陸地。地面抬升后,在流水深切的作用下,一些細(xì)小的沙石被沖走,加上在重力作用下巖石崩塌,又被雨水、溪流慢慢地沖刷等綜合作用,使武陵源地區(qū)在漫長的歲月中逐漸形成了這種奇特的石英砂巖峰林地貌。

        好了,現(xiàn)在我要告訴大家,我們已經(jīng)順利登上黃石寨寨頂了。我?guī)Т蠹业健罢桥_(tái)”來看看吧。站在這兒,使人油然產(chǎn)生“一覽眾山小”的感慨!特別是到了晚上,有一種與星星近在咫尺的感覺,似乎一伸手,就能將天上的星星給“摘下來”。

        眼前的這個(gè)人工景點(diǎn)就是“六奇閣”。“六奇”準(zhǔn)確地說是指山奇、水奇、云奇、石奇、動(dòng)物奇、植物奇。這是公園內(nèi)唯一的人造景觀,它是采用大理石和鋼筋混凝土等材料建成,、高四層,是一座集民俗、書法、自然景觀于一體的特殊樓閣。站在樓上,可以盡情飽覽張家界的壯麗風(fēng)光。好了,我們的游覽也要結(jié)束了,有機(jī)會(huì)歡迎大家再來黃石寨旅游,謝謝大家!

        崀山

        各位朋友:

        大家好!歡迎到國家地質(zhì)公園、國家風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)崀山觀光旅游。

        崀山位于湘西南邊陲的新寧縣境內(nèi),它是繼張家界后發(fā)現(xiàn)的又一顆璀璨的風(fēng)景明珠。相傳舜帝南巡時(shí)途經(jīng)新寧,看到這秀美的奇山秀水,駐足贊嘆:“此山良好,可謂崀山。”崀山由此而得名。大家知道,從地質(zhì)地貌上來看,張家界屬石英砂巖峰林地貌,桂林屬喀斯特地貌,而崀山則是典型的丹霞地貌。在數(shù)千萬年前這里是一片內(nèi)陸湖,由于地殼的變動(dòng),內(nèi)陸湖底突出,從而形成了現(xiàn)在的紅色砂粒巖結(jié)構(gòu)的丹霞地貌。其丹霞地貌的形態(tài)和規(guī)模在全國同類地貌之中均達(dá)到了極限:象我們將要看到的八角寨之高、天下第一巷之長、亞洲第一橋之險(xiǎn)、紅華赤壁之絕、將軍石之峻,都令人嘆為觀止。整個(gè)崀山風(fēng)景區(qū)占地108平方千米,聚集了牛鼻寨、駱駝峰、八角寨、紫霞峒和扶夷江等五大景區(qū)。

        各位朋友,現(xiàn)在我們來到了牛鼻寨景區(qū)。為什么叫牛鼻寨呢?原來在東面那塊大石的右側(cè)可以看到許許多多成對(duì)出現(xiàn)的“牛鼻孔”,當(dāng)?shù)乩习傩辗Q為牛鼻山,后來因?yàn)檗r(nóng)民領(lǐng)袖雷再浩、李源發(fā)先后在這里聚眾起義,太平天國翼王石達(dá)開也在這里屯兵扎寨而改稱為牛鼻寨。眼前大家看到的“天下第一巷”幾個(gè)大字是丹霞地貌命名者、著名地質(zhì)學(xué)家、中科院院士陳國達(dá)教授1993年來崀山時(shí)親筆題寫的。天下第一巷最寬的地方也只有0、8米,最窄處僅0.3米。置身在這天下第一巷,后不見來處,前無有盡頭,只能看見頭頂一線青天,絕壁對(duì)峙,鬼斧神工,大有“天光一線,人生如縫”的感覺,堪稱天下一絕。

        我們現(xiàn)在進(jìn)入的是八角寨景區(qū),八角寨景區(qū)是位于崀山最南端的湘桂邊境,因?yàn)樯巾斢邪俗椒逑噙B,這八座山峰互為犄角,像一朵八角蓮花而得名。大家請(qǐng)看這個(gè)叫“天生橋”的景點(diǎn),它被譽(yù)為是“亞洲第一橋”,它是丹霞地貌中很獨(dú)特的自然景觀。整個(gè)橋呈半圓拱形,就象是人工砌筑,氣勢磅礴,令人嘆為觀

        止。登臨八角寨要走1708個(gè)臺(tái)階,走過1708個(gè)臺(tái)階,來到這個(gè)平臺(tái),站在這里,我們現(xiàn)在可是一腳跨兩省,一邊是廣西,一邊是湖南。

        現(xiàn)在我們進(jìn)入了駱駝峰景區(qū),駱駝峰景區(qū)是丹霞地貌地形中典型的象形景區(qū)。大家請(qǐng)看正前方的駱駝峰,像不像是一只從沙漠遠(yuǎn)足來此的駱駝呢?這可是世界上最長、最大、最重的駱駝了。大家再看這邊,有一座倒立的辣椒峰,它高180米,上周長約100米,下周長才40米,這通體赤紅、分外奪目的辣椒正是我們湖南人熱情的象征。2002年9月,法國“蜘蛛人”阿蘭.羅伯特徒手攀巖挑戰(zhàn)吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄的活動(dòng)就是在此舉行的。

        各位朋友,呈現(xiàn)在大家面前的是有碧綠的青山、清澈的江水、低垂的翠柳的紫霞峒景區(qū),它包括萬景槽、玉泉山、象鼻石、烏云寨、劉華軒墓等景點(diǎn),以幽為它的主要特色。大家不要以為紫霞峒是一個(gè)洞,其實(shí)啊,紫霞峒并不是一個(gè)洞,峒者沖也,它是少數(shù)民族村和寨的意思。傳說有一位高僧云游至此,相中此地,每天早上起來,點(diǎn)燃香燭,迎著彩霞把袈裟鋪在紅瓦山上,然后打坐修煉,袈裟經(jīng)陽光一照,是霞光萬道,香火繚繞,故稱“紫霞峒”。來到這里,我們可以感受到“疏影橫斜水清淺,暗香浮動(dòng)月黃昏”的意境。這里也是佛教和道教的圣地。

        剛剛我們見識(shí)了崀山的偉岸,現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家再來感受一下扶夷江的溫柔。美麗的扶夷江碧流澄清,兩岸奇峰異石就象一條飄帶貫穿全景。扶夷江與漓江同發(fā)源于廣西資源縣的貓兒山,因?yàn)樾聦幙h古為“扶夷侯國”,故稱扶夷江。

        不知不覺,我們來到了崀山六大絕景之一的將軍石。將軍石原是一座山體,丹霞地貌發(fā)育到晚期形成了石柱,它高400米,周長40米,頂部略小,上下等粗,5千米外仍可見其獨(dú)立天外的偉岸英姿。

        馬王堆

        各位朋友:

        大家好,歡迎參觀長沙馬王堆漢墓出土文物陳列館。馬王堆漢墓呢是位于長沙市東部地區(qū)原來的馬王堆鄉(xiāng),距離市中心約4千米。1971年底,我們對(duì)此進(jìn)行了考古發(fā)掘,這才揭開了這座千年地宮的神秘面紗。

        經(jīng)過考古發(fā)掘,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)馬王堆是西漢初期轪侯家族的墓地。馬王堆共有三座墓。其中一號(hào)墓中共出土各類文物1800余件以及一具保存十分完整的女尸。一號(hào)墓之所以保存得如此完整,主要的原因在于采取了深埋密封的筑墓方式,加上2000多年來長沙地區(qū)沒有發(fā)生過大的地震,因此,一號(hào)墓的尸體及大量隨葬器物才能夠完整地保存下來。

        大家看到的這件衣服可是我們陳列館的鎮(zhèn)館之寶了,它的名字叫素紗禪衣。素紗呢是指沒有染色的紗!禪衣就是沒有襯里的衣服.從墓中一共出土了兩件素紗禪衣,它們的重量分別為48克和49克,也就是說還不到1兩,那如果除去袖口和領(lǐng)口較重的緣邊,它的重量就只有半兩多一點(diǎn)兒了,真可謂是“輕若煙霧,薄如蟬翼”啊。那么這樣輕薄的衣物,漢代的婦女又是怎樣穿的呢?當(dāng)時(shí)啊人們是罩在色澤艷麗的綿袍上穿,使繡袍上華麗的紋飾若隱若現(xiàn),給人一種非常朦朧的美感。

        大家看到的這幅從一號(hào)墓中出土的T型帛畫也是陳列館的鎮(zhèn)館之寶。因?yàn)檫@幅帛畫的外形和英文字母大寫的“T”非常相似,因此把它稱之為“T”形帛畫。據(jù)考證這是出葬時(shí),由人高舉著走在儀仗的最前面,用以“引魂升天”。

        大家可以看到,整幅畫的內(nèi)容從上至下可分為天上、人間、地獄三個(gè)部分。華蓋以上為天上部分。正上方有一人首蛇身的神。根據(jù)“山海經(jīng)”的記載,它是威力巨大的燭龍神。在它的右邊畫有九個(gè)紅色的太陽半隱半藏在藍(lán)色的扶桑樹

        中。不知道大家有沒有注意,在最大的太陽當(dāng)中還畫著一只黑色的鳥,古人把它稱為“金烏”,其實(shí)啊這是古人對(duì)太陽黑子的觀測結(jié)果。人間部分以華蓋作屋頂,華蓋以下是三個(gè)貼身的奴婢緊跟轪侯夫人,兩位煉丹的方士正向她獻(xiàn)上長生不老的丹藥。下面的圖畫可能是老夫人去世以后他的家人守靈祭祀的場景。你們看,他們都神色肅穆,盡顯哀傷之態(tài)。畫面的下部分就是地獄部分,地獄里赤身裸體的地神——鯀正平托著白色的大地,腳下踩踏著兩條意欲興風(fēng)作浪的鰲魚,制止地震山崩的發(fā)生。這是一幅把神話、想象和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活完美統(tǒng)一的杰作,它體現(xiàn)了古人對(duì)天國的想象和追求永生的幻想。因此,“T”形帛畫是中國古代繪畫史上難得一見的杰作,堪稱中華民族的藝術(shù)瑰寶。

        大家現(xiàn)在看到的就是出土于長沙馬王堆一號(hào)漢墓,距今有2100多年的馬王堆女尸。她是西漢初年長沙國丞相、第一代轪侯利蒼的夫人,她的名字叫“辛追”。辛追夫人出土?xí)r身高為

        1、54米,體重為34.3公斤,她的血型為A型,我們可以看到,辛追夫人的頭部、頸部、軀干和四肢均保存了完整的外形,她出土的時(shí)候皮膚濕潤而且覆蓋完整,呈淡黃褐色,手摸上去還有油膩感。大家看到的這具尸體有眼球脫出、口張開、舌頭稍微挺出、直腸脫垂的現(xiàn)象,這是尸體的早期腐敗現(xiàn)象。但是因?yàn)橐惶?hào)墓密封良好,尸體的腐敗現(xiàn)象在下葬后不久就停止了。這具女尸保存的年代之久、保存程度之好,在世界尸體保存記錄當(dāng)中都是十分罕見的。由于它明顯不同于呈干癟狀的“木乃伊”和表面似蠟制模型軀殼的“尸蠟”,也不同于骨骼脫鈣軟化而易于折斷的“泥炭鞣尸”,因此國際上已經(jīng)認(rèn)同,在尸體的分類上,應(yīng)該把馬王堆這類歷史悠久、軟組織仍有彈性、內(nèi)臟俱在的“濕尸”,命名為“馬王堆尸”。

        經(jīng)過尸體解剖,推斷辛追夫人是在吃過甜瓜后由于膽絞痛的急性發(fā)作,引起冠狀動(dòng)脈痙攣,由此導(dǎo)致急性心肌缺血而造成猝死的可能性為最大,死亡年齡約為50歲。好了,我為大家就講解到這兒了,謝謝大家!

        毛澤東故居

        各位游客:

        大家好!歡迎來到毛澤東故居參觀。

        現(xiàn)在呈現(xiàn)在大家面前的這棟古樸的農(nóng)舍叫“上屋場”。1893年12月26日,中國人民的偉大領(lǐng)袖毛澤東同志就誕生在這里。大家可以看到毛澤東同志故居,是一棟坐南朝北、土木結(jié)構(gòu)的典型南方農(nóng)舍,它面臨綠水,背依青山,成凹字形結(jié)構(gòu),這里的老百姓稱它為“一擔(dān)柴”。當(dāng)年這里居住著兩戶人家,東邊13間小青瓦房是毛澤東家里的!西邊四間茅草屋是鄰居家的,中間的堂屋為兩家共用。大門頂端掛著的這塊“毛澤東同志故居”金字紅木匾,是鄧小平同志在1983年4月2日親筆題寫的。

        現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家和我一起進(jìn)堂屋參觀。這里就是前面提到的兩家共用的堂屋,它在南方是擺酒席、宴請(qǐng)客人的地方,這里的方桌和板凳都是原物。這個(gè)叫神龕,是供奉神佛、祖宗用的。

        穿過堂屋這扇小門往后便是“退堂屋”。毛澤東小時(shí)候經(jīng)常在此幫助父母勞動(dòng),用水桶挑水,這個(gè)大水桶是原物。

        這里是廚房。請(qǐng)大家看這口爐灶,過去農(nóng)家的灶多用泥磚砌成。這口灶是在故居復(fù)原陳列時(shí),根據(jù)老人的回憶復(fù)制的。

        這里是火堂。南方農(nóng)家一般都有這間冬天架柴燒火取暖的房子,你們看這上面有個(gè)掛鉤,俗稱“爐膛鉤”,它是用來掛壺?zé)模?dāng)然也可用來煮飯菜,冬天全家團(tuán)團(tuán)圍坐邊吃邊聊,那可是熱氣騰騰的呢!1921年春天,毛澤東在籌建共產(chǎn)黨的過程中,回到韶山。他邀弟妹們圍爐烤火、拉家常。弟弟毛澤民一口氣講了這幾年遭受的災(zāi)難。毛澤東說,是的,這些不只是我們一家發(fā)生的事,天下

        大多數(shù)人都這樣,這叫國亂民不得安生,所以我們要舍小家為大家,出去做一些有利于大多數(shù)人的工作。后來在毛澤東的諄諄教導(dǎo)下,全家人相繼離開家鄉(xiāng)走上革命道路。在長期的革命斗爭中毛澤東一家先后有6位親人英勇獻(xiàn)身。

        這一間是橫屋。橫屋通常是一家人用餐的地方,但在這里也發(fā)生過不同尋常的故事。他所寫的《農(nóng)民運(yùn)動(dòng)考察報(bào)告》這篇重要著作,其中一部分資料就是在這兒收集的。這張桌子和這里的凳子是當(dāng)時(shí)使用的原物。

        我們現(xiàn)在進(jìn)入的是毛澤東父母臥室。1893年12月26日,毛澤東同志就誕生在這間房里。墻上掛的這是毛澤東同志父母的遺照。他的父親毛順生生于1870年10月,是一位非常勤勞節(jié)儉、精明能干的農(nóng)民,1920年因患急性傷寒病去世,享年50歲。應(yīng)該說父親的勤勞節(jié)儉和善于持家理財(cái)為早年毛澤東外出讀書提供了一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)。這是他的母親文氏,他的母親生于1867年,是一位勤勞善良、聰明賢惠的農(nóng)家婦女。她性情溫和,富有愛心,經(jīng)常接濟(jì)周圍的鄉(xiāng)親。父母親所具有的勞動(dòng)人民的優(yōu)良品德對(duì)少年時(shí)代的毛澤東影響很大。1959年毛澤東看到母親這張照片時(shí)還說:“我還是挺像我母親的。”大家現(xiàn)在看到的這張陳舊的木床也是當(dāng)年的原物。

        這里是毛澤東的臥室。墻上的這張照片是毛澤東和母親及兩個(gè)弟弟于1919年春在長沙的合影。當(dāng)時(shí)的毛澤東同志在長沙工作,小弟毛澤覃呢在長沙讀書。因?yàn)槟赣H病重,大弟毛澤民送母親去省城長沙治病,所以他們母子四人才有機(jī)會(huì)留下這唯一的一張合影,也就是在這年的的10月,毛澤東的母親去世了,這張珍貴的照片由于在毛澤東外婆家珍藏而幸存下來。這里也是毛澤東小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)的地方。當(dāng)年的毛澤東晚上讀書就是用的這盞小油燈。毛澤東天資聰穎,又酷愛讀書,夏天的晚上蚊子特別多,他就在床邊放一張條凳,凳上放一盞燈,人躲到蚊帳里面,將頭伸到帳子外面來看書。冬天,他常常躺在被子里讀書到深夜。甚至在他13歲至15歲停學(xué)在家勞動(dòng)的時(shí)候,他也刻苦攻讀。請(qǐng)大家抬頭看,可能大家沒有注意,在這間房的上方還有一個(gè)小閣樓,也就是在這個(gè)小閣樓上建立了中共韶山支部。

        請(qǐng)大家跟我繼續(xù)參觀,這里呢是毛澤東家放農(nóng)具的地方,毛澤東從6歲開始參加勞動(dòng)。13歲到15歲,因家里缺乏勞動(dòng)力,他便休學(xué)在家從事農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)。所以說毛澤東還正式當(dāng)過兩年農(nóng)民呢。這里放的水車、石磨等都是他當(dāng)年用過的原物。好了,我的講解就到這里了,希望毛澤東故居的參觀能給你留下美好的回憶。

        岳陽樓

        各位游客:

        大家好,歡迎到江南三大名樓之一的岳陽樓參觀游覽。

        岳陽樓是國家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位,首批國家4A級(jí)旅游區(qū)。岳陽樓的景觀特色可以概括為四個(gè)方面。一是歷史悠久,岳陽樓的前身為魯肅修建的閱軍樓,始建于東漢建安十九年即公元214年,唐肅宗乾元二年即公元759年開始被稱為岳陽樓,在江南三大名樓中啊岳陽樓的歷史最為悠久。二是風(fēng)景獨(dú)特,岳陽樓勝景由江、湖、山、城構(gòu)成?!鞍土陝贍睿诙赐ヒ缓?,銜遠(yuǎn)山,吞長江,浩浩蕩蕩,橫無際涯,朝暉夕陰,氣象萬千?!边@是對(duì)岳陽樓地理位置的絕妙贊美,岳陽樓是得水而壯,得山而妍,形勝江南。三是文化深厚。《岳陽樓詩文集》收錄了千余篇名篇佳作及大量的楹聯(lián)匾屏和書畫碑刻,大多數(shù)都貫穿著中華民族的“憂患意識(shí)”。如杜甫的《登岳陽樓》,其憂國憂民之情,溢于言表。范仲淹的《岳陽樓記》更是將這個(gè)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)發(fā)展到了巔峰。“不以物喜,不以己悲”的處世哲理,“先天下之憂而憂,后天下之樂而樂”的憂患意識(shí),融匯的精神使當(dāng)時(shí)蘇東坡發(fā)出了“雖圣人復(fù)起不易斯言”的感慨。劉少奇將它引為共產(chǎn)黨員修養(yǎng)的準(zhǔn)則,胡耀邦譽(yù)之為中華傳統(tǒng)美德的結(jié)晶,它確實(shí)是我中華精神文明之絕句!四是文物珍貴。江南三大名樓中,惟有岳陽樓是保持原址、原貌,具有歷史、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)價(jià)值的國家級(jí)文物。現(xiàn)在所見到的岳陽樓為純木結(jié)構(gòu),1983年按“整舊如舊”的原則落架大修而成,四柱、三層、飛檐、盔頂,全樓沒用一塊磚石,沒有一顆鐵釘,全用木料構(gòu)成,門縫對(duì)榫,工藝十分精巧。

        朋友們,現(xiàn)在各位面前的就是岳陽樓。橫匾上“岳陽樓”三字是由郭沫若先生題寫的,現(xiàn)已編入《中國名匾》一書。岳陽樓三層三檐,盔頂式木結(jié)構(gòu),蓋黃色琉璃瓦??斒窃狸枠墙ㄖ耐怀鎏厣?,大家請(qǐng)看,它形似古代將軍的頭盔,威武雄壯,配以飛檐,曲線流暢,給人勢欲凌空之感。大家再看盔頂下的如意斗拱,它形似蜂窩,層疊相襯,飾以龍頭、鳳頭、云頭紋飾,既承托盔頂重力,又

        使整個(gè)建筑更為精美、莊重、和諧。因此,岳陽樓的建筑在美學(xué)、力學(xué)、建筑學(xué)和工藝學(xué)方面都有著驚人的成就。

        進(jìn)入主樓,首先映入眼簾的是大家神馳已久的《岳陽樓記》的雕屏,雕屏由12塊紫檀木組成。岳陽樓開始真正名揚(yáng)天下是在北宋滕子京重修岳陽樓、范仲淹作《岳陽樓記》以后。慶歷四年,滕子京被貶為岳州知府,他上任后便重修岳陽樓,并請(qǐng)好友范仲淹寫下了千古名篇《岳陽樓記》。這篇文章全文雖然僅368個(gè)字,但是內(nèi)容博大,哲理精深,氣勢磅礴,語言鏗鏘,成為千秋絕唱,而“先天下之憂而憂,后天下之樂而樂”則更成為傳世名句,成為中華民族優(yōu)秀知識(shí)分子崇高人格文化的積淀?!对狸枠怯洝芬云渲粮咧辽系乃枷雰?nèi)容和藝術(shù)魅力,流傳千古而不朽,滋養(yǎng)著人們的心靈。

        整個(gè)大樓由四根楠木大柱支撐。自樓底直貫樓頂,再以12根金柱為內(nèi)圈,支撐二樓,周圍繞以20根木柱,彼此牽制,門縫對(duì)榫,連結(jié)為整體。一樓懸掛的是古今名家吟詠岳陽樓的楹聯(lián)。

        我們現(xiàn)在登上了岳陽樓的頂層三樓。站在這兒,憑窗遠(yuǎn)眺,可以領(lǐng)略“銜遠(yuǎn)山,吞長江”的磅礴氣勢,欣賞“朝暉夕陰,氣象萬千”的湖光山色,大家可以看到洞庭湖水天相接,渾成一色,清風(fēng)朗月,無邊無際,山色湖光薈萃一樓,得到的感覺不正是“水天一色.風(fēng)月無邊”嗎?

        中間是毛澤東手書杜甫《登岳陽樓》的條屏,你看它布局嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),筆意奔放,鐵畫銀鉤,雄健挺拔,深得懷素狂草遺風(fēng),且又自成一格。這是一件難得的藝術(shù)珍品,懸掛于此,使岳陽樓更是錦上添花。

        岳陽樓的介紹我就給諸位講解到這里,歡迎大家下次再到岳陽來。謝謝大家!

        鳳凰古城

        各位朋友:

        大家好!歡迎來鳳凰古城做客。鳳凰是個(gè)風(fēng)景秀麗的好地方,名勝古跡很多,歷來是人們游覽的勝地,城內(nèi)的古代城樓、明清古院和石板小街現(xiàn)在仍是風(fēng)采依然;城外有南華山國家森林公園、還有唐代修建的黃絲橋古城至今仍保存完好。鳳凰不但風(fēng)景秀美,而且人杰地靈。中華民國第一任內(nèi)閣總理熊希齡、著名作家沈從文和著名畫家黃永玉都是鳳凰人。《邊城》、《湘女蕭蕭》、《湘西剿匪記》等十多部影視劇也曾在這里拍攝。

        這里就是我國著名作家和考古學(xué)家沈從文先生的故居。

        沈從文故居是他的祖父沈洪富于清朝同治元年所建。1902年12月28日,沈從文先生就誕生在這一座具有明清建筑風(fēng)格的四合院里,并在這里度過了他的童年和少年時(shí)期。1919年,沈先生只身來到北京,開始了他從文的艱苦生涯,創(chuàng)作了《邊城》、《湘西》等一系列文學(xué)作品,不久就蜚聲中國文壇,幾乎與年長他20多歲的魯迅先生齊名。20世紀(jì)50年代之后,沈先生潛心于中國古代服飾的研究,寫出了驚世之作——《中國古代服飾研究》。沈先生的作品與人品表現(xiàn)出了強(qiáng)烈的一致:自然、厚樸、謙遜、勤奮、博大而凝重。沈先生一生所創(chuàng)作的500多萬字的作品,是世界的文學(xué)瑰寶,給后人研究舊中國和舊湘西留下了寶貴的歷史資料。

        這里是中華民國第一任內(nèi)閣總理熊希齡先生的故居。1870年7月23日熊希齡先生就出生在這間小平房里。熊先生少年時(shí)期就具有憂國憂民之心,9歲的時(shí)侯,他的私塾教師出了一副上聯(lián):“栽數(shù)盆花,探春秋消息;”熊先生立即對(duì)出了下聯(lián):“鑿一池水,窺天地盈虛?!币粫r(shí)被傳為佳話。熊先生成名以后,積極主張維新變法,曾創(chuàng)辦《湘報(bào)》、時(shí)務(wù)學(xué)堂和常德西路師范學(xué)校,是湖南與譚嗣同齊名的維新派中堅(jiān)。后來,熊先生出任東三省財(cái)政監(jiān)理官、熱河都統(tǒng)、財(cái)政總長等職務(wù),1913年就任中華民國第一任政府總理,當(dāng)時(shí)的這一任政府被輿論界稱為

        “才子內(nèi)閣”。后來,因?yàn)樾芟壬磳?duì)袁世凱獨(dú)裁,被袁世凱逼迫解散內(nèi)閣,辭去總理職務(wù)。1937年12月5日,熊希齡先生病故于香港,享年67歲。

        在這條旅游商品一條街上,有很多苗族的民間工藝品供大家選購和參觀,還有別具一格的扎染工藝品和蠟染。

        現(xiàn)在大家看到的是虹橋,這座橋始建于明朝洪武年間,清朝康熙九年又經(jīng)過加修,橋面上原有吊腳樓亭,1956年修公路的時(shí)候,原來的樓亭和兩側(cè)的牌坊均被拆除,就成了現(xiàn)在的這個(gè)樣子。橋下,可以看到一排有百年歷史的舊吊腳樓。吊腳樓下是鳳凰傳統(tǒng)體育節(jié)目——賽龍舟的地方。

        大家沿著當(dāng)年的官道,到達(dá)的這是沈從文的墓地。這里看到的是黃永玉先生為紀(jì)念表叔沈從文而題寫的銘文:“一個(gè)士兵要不戰(zhàn)死沙場,就是回到故鄉(xiāng)?!鄙蛳壬哪沟貨]有隆起的土堆,只有一塊原始狀態(tài)的五色石矗立其間;這里沒有雕欄玉砌的裝飾物,只有一條放牧、打柴的石板小路橫貫其間,象征著沈先生永遠(yuǎn)與普通民眾在一起。沈先生的骨灰一半撤在面前這條沱江里,一半就葬在這塊五色石下,他就像面前這條沱江,發(fā)源于大地又回歸大地;他像陪伴他的這塊五色石,來源于大地又回歸大地!

        作為墓碑的五色石正面,刻寫著沈先生的手跡:

        “照我思索,能理解我;照我思索,可認(rèn)識(shí)人?!?/p>

        是的,正是這樣一種信念,使沈先生舍棄升官發(fā)財(cái)?shù)膹能姷缆罚x擇了清苦的從文生涯;正是這樣一種信念,使沈先生揮動(dòng)了他那如椽巨筆,將他認(rèn)識(shí)的湘西人介紹給世界。

        墓碑的背面,刻寫著沈先生妻子張?jiān)屎团康你懳模?/p>

        “不折不從,星斗其文;亦慈亦讓,赤子其人。”

        這四句話,簡明扼要地總結(jié)了沈先生的一生。好了,我的講解就到這兒了,希望鳳凰能給大家留下一個(gè)美好的印象,有機(jī)會(huì)再相聚鳳凰,謝謝大家!

        炎帝陵

        各位游客:

        大家好!歡迎大家前來瞻仰炎帝陵。

        炎帝陵是舉世聞名的始祖三陵之一,也是海內(nèi)外炎黃子孫祭祖朝圣、旅游觀光的勝地。炎帝神農(nóng)氏是中華農(nóng)耕文化的創(chuàng)始者,他為中華民族的始興和繁衍作出了開創(chuàng)性的偉大貢獻(xiàn)。

        各位游客,我們大家現(xiàn)在來到的是祭祀廣場,一般祭祖都是在這里舉行。我們現(xiàn)在看到的是主體建筑——神農(nóng)大殿,神農(nóng)大殿是仿清古建筑,重檐歇山頂,看上去和北京故宮的建筑特色非常相似。

        好了,我們現(xiàn)在看到的是炎帝神農(nóng)氏的八大功績圖,神農(nóng)氏的第一大功績:“治麻為布,制作衣裳”,這使人類社會(huì)向文明發(fā)展邁出了重大的一步;現(xiàn)在看到的是第二大功績:“日中為市,首辟市場”,神農(nóng)氏提倡交易,互通有無,以滿足人民生活和生產(chǎn)需要?!跋夷緸榛?,剡木為矢”,這是指神農(nóng)氏創(chuàng)造的弓箭,改進(jìn)了狩獵工具,提高了生產(chǎn)力;第四大功績是“始作耒耜,教民耕種”,為了方便種植,提高效率,神農(nóng)氏發(fā)明了早期農(nóng)具,并教大家耕種,從而解決了“民以食為天”的大事;“遍嘗百草,發(fā)明醫(yī)學(xué)”是他的第五大功績,后人為了記住神農(nóng)氏的這一大功績,將我國醫(yī)藥史上的第一部醫(yī)藥書稱為《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》;這是“作陶為器,冶制斤斧”,他制造了最早的陶器,大大改善了人類的生活條件;這里看到的是第七大功績“削桐為琴,連絲為弦”,先民的物質(zhì)生活提高以后,對(duì)精神生活產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的追求,在勞動(dòng)實(shí)踐中發(fā)明了五弦琴又稱為神農(nóng)琴;最后一大功績是“建屋造房,臺(tái)榭而居”,明堂的建造源于鳥兒窩,鳥兒白天飛出去覓食,晚上又能飛回窩里憩息,神農(nóng)氏想:如果人們也有這么一個(gè)固定的“窩”,日出而作,日落而息,不再是鉆洞穴,那多好呀。從這八大功績圖中我們可以了解到,炎帝的創(chuàng)造發(fā)明跟我們的生活都息息相關(guān)。

        好了,我們現(xiàn)在的看到的炎帝陵大殿共分五進(jìn),第一進(jìn)是午門,穿過午門可以看到迎面豎立的這一塊高大漢白玉石碑,上面刻著“炎帝陵”三個(gè)大字,這是國家主席江澤民1993年9月4日為炎帝陵題的詞。在石碑的左邊臥著一只美麗溫馴的鹿,右邊則立著一只展翅欲飛的鷹,這就是傳說炎帝的另外兩位母親。

        第二進(jìn)是行禮亭。行禮亭上方懸掛的那塊“民族始祖,光照人間”的橫匾,是全國政協(xié)副主席周培源所手書的。我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的是主殿。主殿是炎帝陵最高大的建筑,這兩根大石柱上懸掛著一幅楹聯(lián):“制耒耜奠農(nóng)工基礎(chǔ),嘗百草開醫(yī)藥先河”,這幅對(duì)聯(lián)概括了炎帝一生中最重要的三大功績;大殿的門額上還懸掛著一塊橫匾:“炎黃子孫,不忘始祖”,這是陳云同志83歲高齡時(shí)題寫的。主殿是炎帝金身塑像所在地。你們看,老祖宗端坐在金碧輝煌的圣壇上,慈眉善眼,滿臉微笑,左手持一束稻穗,右手拿兩朵靈芝,兩腿之間放著一只竹筐,里面裝著的是他親手采回的藥草。這正是炎帝奠農(nóng)、工基礎(chǔ),開醫(yī)藥先河的三大功績的體現(xiàn)。

        現(xiàn)在我們到了第四進(jìn)——墓碑亭。在這漢白玉石碑上面刻著“炎帝神農(nóng)氏之墓”七個(gè)大字。各位也許會(huì)問:炎帝為什么又稱神農(nóng)氏呢?因?yàn)檠椎凼贾岂珩?,耒耜是一種原始農(nóng)具,他教民播種五谷而食之,所以稱之謂神農(nóng)氏,他是我國農(nóng)耕文化的開創(chuàng)者,被列人我國古代三皇五帝,稱為農(nóng)皇,幾千年來中國都是以農(nóng)業(yè)立國。這塊碑是當(dāng)時(shí)任中共中央總書記的胡耀邦于1985年5月15日為炎帝神農(nóng)氏題寫的。這后面是是炎帝神農(nóng)氏的陵墓,我們的老祖宗炎帝神農(nóng)氏就一直安息在這里,幾千年來這里一直香火不斷。

        好,接下來我們?nèi)タ纯从畧@,歷代皇帝每次祭祖完畢就會(huì)刻一塊御碑以作紀(jì)念。好了,今天我們的參觀就到這兒了,炎帝這種開拓創(chuàng)新、無私奉獻(xiàn)的精神,是中華民族的立足點(diǎn),經(jīng)過無數(shù)先輩的繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng),已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為今天的中華民族艱苦奮斗、自強(qiáng)不息的民族精神。謝謝大家!

        南岳衡山

        各位朋友:

        你們好!歡迎大家來南岳衡山做客!

        衡山是我國著名的五岳之一,素有“五岳獨(dú)秀”、“中華壽岳”之稱。南岳號(hào)稱“五岳獨(dú)秀”,以“秀”為主要景觀特色。大家可以看到,這里群巒疊翠,萬木爭榮,云霧繚繞,是“五里不同景,十里兩重天”!衡山的風(fēng)景美不勝收、數(shù)不勝數(shù),其中最著名的當(dāng)屬“衡山四絕”:藏經(jīng)殿之秀,方廣寺之深,祝融峰之高和水簾洞之奇。

        常言道:“天下名山僧占多?!焙馍讲粌H是風(fēng)景名山,也是宗教圣山。但衡山與其他宗教名山相比,其獨(dú)特之處是山上佛道并存,互彰互顯,同尊共榮。衡山自古為道教名山,據(jù)《南岳志》的記載,在歷史上曾經(jīng)有不少著名高道隱居湖南,如西晉時(shí)期的道教上清派開山宗師、中國第一位女道士魏華存修道于衡山黃庭觀等等。那如果說道教使衡山皎潔似月的話,佛教則令南岳如日中天。尤其是佛教禪宗,先后衍生出臨濟(jì)、曹洞、云門、法眼、溈仰等五大宗派,流傳全國甚至朝鮮、日本等海外地區(qū),佛教史上稱為“五葉一花”。

        現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在我們面前的就是我國南方最大的官殿式古建筑群——南岳大廟。南岳大廟是一組集民間祠廟、佛教寺院、道教宮觀和皇宮殿宇于一體的古建筑群,也是我國南方及五岳之中規(guī)模最大的廟宇。大廟現(xiàn)存建筑共有九進(jìn)、四院、八寺和八觀,前后縱深375米。它的中軸線上為儒家建筑風(fēng)格,東邊為八個(gè)道觀,西邊為八個(gè)佛寺,像這樣儒、道、佛三教共存一廟,在全國乃至全世界都是絕無僅有的。現(xiàn)在矗立在大家面前的是南岳大廟中軸線上的第一進(jìn)建筑——欞星門。以欞星來命門,寓意著希望人才興旺,國家昌盛。這里是南岳大廟中軸線上的第二進(jìn)建筑——魁星閣。閣內(nèi)原來

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