千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《沈陽故宮導游詞(范文5篇)》,但愿對你工作學習有幫助,當然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《沈陽故宮導游詞(范文5篇)》。
第一篇:沈陽故宮的導游詞
大家好!我是小吳,今天由我來帶領(lǐng)大家游覽沈陽故宮。沈陽故宮始建于后金天命十年(1625年),建成于清崇德元年(1636年),是清太祖努爾哈赤和清太宗皇太極營造和使用過的宮殿。清世祖福臨也曾在這里繼位,改元“順治”、并于當年入關(guān),統(tǒng)治全中國。沈陽故宮占地6萬多平方米,全部建筑計300多間,共組成20多個院落。按其布局,可分為東路、中路和西路三大部分。我們計劃游用三個小時的時間去游覽,現(xiàn)在我們已將到了,大家下車,先聽我說幾句。
首先,我告訴大家,注意的事項。第一,大家要緊跟我身后,不要走丟了。第二,要在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)集合,如果找不到了,請撥打我的手機。第三,不要亂扔東西,講衛(wèi)生。第四,保持安靜,不要大喊大叫。好了,出發(fā)了。
沈陽故宮是中國現(xiàn)存僅次于北京故宮的最完整的皇宮建筑。在建筑藝術(shù)上承襲了中國古代建筑的傳統(tǒng),集漢、滿、蒙族藝術(shù)為一體,具有很高的歷史和藝術(shù)價值。
大家看,這座占地六萬平方米的古建筑群始建于625年,建成于1636年,全部建筑90余所,300余間。清朝進關(guān)后對盛京皇宮又進行了保護和擴建,到乾隆時基本形成今日規(guī)模。
大家看,沈陽故宮那金龍蟠柱的太政殿、崇政殿,排如雁行的十王亭、萬宇炕口袋房的清寧宮,古樸典雅的文朔閣,以及鳳凰樓等高臺建筑。在中國宮殿建筑史上,絕無僅有;那機富滿族情調(diào)的“宮高殿低”的建筑風格,更是“別無分號”。
沈陽老城內(nèi)的大街號“井”字形,故宮就設在“井”字形大街的中心,占地6萬平方米,現(xiàn)有古建筑114座。主要建筑有大政殿,十王亭、大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮、文溯閣等。 大政殿是用來舉行諸如頒布詔書、軍隊出征、迎接將士凱旋和皇帝即位等大典的地方。十王亭則是左右翼王和八旗大臣辦事的地方。這種君臣合署辦事于宮廷的現(xiàn)象,體現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)業(yè)初期君臣平等的歷史,也是從打天下到坐天下的君臣平等的延續(xù)。到了入關(guān)后,從北京故宮開始,這種平等被逐漸打破,最終形成了高高在上的'君王。
中間高聳的建筑是沈陽故宮里唯一的煙囪。故宮里每一個房間的炕火都從地下的通道匯聚到這個煙囪里,這是他們一統(tǒng)天下的思想的象征。這個煙囪共有11級,最上面一級只有三塊磚構(gòu)成。導游說,這個一統(tǒng)天下的煙囪反而成了清朝的讖語:清朝共有11位皇帝,最后的宣統(tǒng)帝只做了三年江山,就是那三塊磚的預示。想當年努爾哈赤在修建這個一統(tǒng)天下煙囪的時候,如果早知如此,肯定會加多幾層吧?!
下面,請大家自由參觀。三個小時后在這里準時集合。
第二篇:沈陽故宮導游詞
游客朋友們大家好,首先歡迎大家得到來,我叫王格申,是你們得導游,大家可以叫我王導,年長得游客們也可以直接稱呼我小王,好了,先給大家講講我們得行程,我們第一個要去得地方就是我們得沈陽故宮。
說道故宮,大家肯低昂想到得都是北京故宮,啟示不用到北京也能看到故宮得,沒錯那就是沈陽故宮,沈陽故宮是我國僅存得兩大宮殿建筑群之一,另外一個不用我多說大家應該都知道是哪一個了吧,沈陽故宮占地6萬多平方米,宮內(nèi)建筑物保存完好。
現(xiàn)在大家就在沈陽故宮得門口,大家都看到了它得規(guī)模比占地72萬平方米得北京故宮要小得多,但是,它在建筑上有自己得特色,這些就需要有顆朋友們自己去體會品味了,這里現(xiàn)在是沈陽最重要得游覽點。
沈陽故宮建于1625年,是后金第一代汗努爾哈赤開始修筑。努爾哈赤死后,第二代汗皇太極繼續(xù)修建成功。沈陽故宮得建筑布局可以分為三路。東路為清太祖努爾哈赤時期建造得大政殿與十王亭。中路為清太宗皇太極時期續(xù)建得大中闕,包括大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓以及清寧宮、關(guān)睢宮、衍慶宮、啟福宮等。西路則是乾隆時期增建得文溯閣、嘉蔭堂和仰熙齋等。乾隆時皇宮已在北京,但他有時也東巡回沈陽看看。
現(xiàn)在我們來到了沈陽故宮得東路,這里是很有特色得。大政殿居中,兩旁分列十個亭子,稱為十王亭。大政殿是一座八角重檐亭子建筑,正門有兩根盤龍柱,以示莊嚴。大政殿是用來舉行大典,如頒布詔書,宣布隊出征,迎接將士凱旋和皇帝即位等得地方。從建筑上看,大政殿也是一個亭子,不過它得體量較大,裝飾比較華麗,因此,稱為宮殿。大政殿和成八字形排開得十座亭子。其建筑格局乃脫胎于少數(shù)民族得帳殿。這十一座亭子,就是十一座帳篷得化身。帳篷是可以流動、遷移得,而亭子就固定起來了。這也顯示了少數(shù)民族文化得一個發(fā)展。崇政殿是沈陽故宮最重要得建筑,在中路,是皇太極日常臨朝得地方。崇政殿北有一鳳凰樓,三層,是當時盛京城內(nèi)最高得建筑物。沈陽故宮博物館所陳列得多半是舊皇宮遺留下來得宮廷文物。如努爾哈赤用過得劍,皇太極用過得腰刀和鹿角椅等。沈陽故宮博物館陳列得藝術(shù)品也很豐富。在繪畫陳列室里,有明、清兩代一些大師得作品如清李鱒、金農(nóng)、明文征明書畫精品、陶瓷、雕刻、織鄉(xiāng)、漆器等工藝品。
我得講解就差不多,現(xiàn)在給大家一點時間自己去觀賞一下,半個小時候我們在這里集合,謝謝大家得配合。
第三篇:沈陽故宮導游詞講解
各位朋友,在繁華的沈陽古城中心,有一座巍峨莊嚴的清代宮殿建筑群。這里就是我們今天的目的地――沈陽故宮。
依建筑時間和布局,沈陽故宮的建筑可分為三部分,它們分別是東路、中路、西路。今天,我們就按這個順序。首先參觀東路建筑。
沈陽故宮以其獨特的建筑藝術(shù)和特殊的歷史而聞名中外,在這片絢麗多彩,雄偉多姿的建筑群中,最古老,最具特色的就是我們面前的大政殿。
大政殿草創(chuàng)于1625年,是處理國家政務和舉行慶典活動的主要場所之一。大政殿為八角重檐攢尖式建筑,外形近似滿族早期在山林中狩獵時所搭的帳篷。在大政殿的房脊上,還飾有八個蒙古力士,牽引著八條鐵鏈,象征著“八方歸一”。正門前的大柱上,盤旋著兩條翹首揚爪的金龍,是受漢族敬天畏龍思想的影響,以龍代表天子的至尊無上。大政殿建筑特點的多樣性,體現(xiàn)了多民族文化的融合。金龍盤柱,盡顯中原之風;八位力士又流露了濃郁的蒙古色彩;而亭帳式的風貌,則是滿族古老文化的延續(xù)。
作為最早使用和最為重要的宮殿之一。許多重大歷史事件都以大政殿為舞臺上演。1643年,六歲的順治皇帝在大政殿繼承帝位,并于次年在此頒布了出兵令,命攝政王多爾哀兵入山海關(guān)直搗中原,最終完成了滿清一代的一統(tǒng)大業(yè)。
大政殿兩側(cè)南向,十王亭呈燕翅排列。錯落有致,如眾星拱月,南寬北狹,似無窮無盡,象征兵多將廣,萬世綿延。十王亭是清朝入關(guān)前左右翼王和八旗旗主在皇宮內(nèi)辦公的地方。它們與大政殿構(gòu)成了一組亭子式的院落建筑,反映了滿族獨特的軍政體制――八旗制度,這在中國的歷史上堪稱獨步天下。遠在努爾哈赤立國之初,凡遇軍國大事都由汗王與八旗貝勒大臣共同討論決定。努爾哈赤定都沈陽后,在修建宮殿時便將這種“君臣合署辦公”的制度固定化。以建筑的形式表現(xiàn)了八旗制度和“八和碩貝勒共治國政”的政體及軍事民主的思想。因而形成了大政殿、十五亭這組獨特的建筑,為中國宮殿建筑史寫下了空前的一頁。
各位朋友,現(xiàn)在我們來到了中路。從1626年皇太極繼承汗位,即續(xù)建皇宮,形成沈陽故宮的中路建筑。中路建筑前起大清門,后至清寧宮,院落三進,獨成一體。
大清門是沈陽故宮的正門,為皇帝臨朝前,文武百官候朝的地方。它便是演義小說中俗稱的“午朝門”。大清門的屋頂滿鋪黃琉璃瓦并襯以綠色剪邊,既保留了以黃為尊的傳統(tǒng)觀念,又體現(xiàn)了滿族對故鄉(xiāng)山林的深厚眷念。從而形成了區(qū)別北京故宮的一個特點――宮殿頂覆以黃琉璃瓦鑲以綠色剪邊。
穿過大清門,北望便是崇政殿。崇政殿俗稱“金鑾殿”,是清太宗皇太極舉行日常朝會的地方。
1635年,皇太極下令將族名‘女真“改為”滿洲“。1636年皇太極在崇政殿登基稱帝,上尊號”寬溫仁圣“,將國號”金“改為”清“年號”天聰“改為”崇德“。
各位朋友,古代宮殿建筑布局講究”前朝后寢“??催^了皇帝上朝的金鑾殿,請大家隨我去參觀帝后的寢宮。
穿過崇政殿兩側(cè)的左右翊門,舉目可見位于3.8米高臺之上的鳳凰樓。樓后為帝后寢居的后宮――臺上五宮。與崇政殿對比又形成了沈陽故宮不同于北京故宮的特點――”宮高殿低“。而北京故宮則恰恰相反,是”殿高官低“。
鳳凰樓為宴飲、議事之所,是當年沈陽城的最高建筑,詩稱”欲窮千里目,更上一層樓“可謂十分貼切。登上鳳凰樓俯瞰四周,萬般景物盡收眼底,可飽覽盛京全景,也可觀賞日出?!兵P樓曉日“是當年著名的盛京八景之一。鳳凰樓門洞上方懸有”紫氣東來“匾,為乾隆皇帝御筆。而乾隆皇帝則是借用這個典故寓意大清的國運興起于東方。
各位朋友,穿過鳳凰樓底層的通道后,我們就進入了后妃居住的臺上五官。
臺上五官是清寧宮、關(guān)雎宮、麟趾宮、衍慶宮、永福宮。
現(xiàn)在請大家隨我參觀皇太極和皇后的寢宮――清寧宮。
清寧宮東梢門稱”暖閣“,是帝后的臥室。暖閣內(nèi)分南北二室,二室均設火炕。1643年八月初九,皇太極在暖閣內(nèi)駕崩,終年52歲,后葬于沈陽昭陵,即北陵。
清寧東次間開門,是典型的滿族民居――口袋房,西四門南西北三面都設火炕,稱”萬字炕“。與漢族有所不同的是,滿族人將煙囪建在屋后,而且從地面向上壘起。這種”口袋房,萬字炕、煙囪豎在地面上“的建筑特點具有濃郁的滿族風格了。
各位朋友,現(xiàn)在請隨我去參觀西路建筑。西路建于1782年至1783年,主要包括:戲臺、嘉蔭堂、文溯閣等。
說起文溯閣,我們不能不提到乾隆皇帝和《四庫全書》。出于加強文化統(tǒng)治的需要,乾隆皇帝于1772年下詔訪求天下藏書,歷經(jīng)十余年時間編成一部大型叢書。該書分經(jīng)、史、子、集四部,所以稱為《四庫全書》。書修成后,抄錄七部,在全國建七座藏書閣分別收藏,沈陽故宮的文溯閣便是其中之一。
提起宮殿建筑,我們很容易想起”紅墻綠瓦“、”金壁輝煌’這類詞匯。而文溯閣卻與眾不同,屋頂用黑琉璃瓦鑲綠剪邊,整個建筑以黑綠兩色為主色調(diào),這與它的用途是分不開的。文溯閣藏書忌火,依據(jù)五行字說立色配飾,裝修取《易經(jīng)》“北方壬癸水”其色屬黑,因此屋頂用黑色琉璃瓦,寓意水從天降,消滅火災。
文溯閣外觀為兩層,內(nèi)部實為三層,書架上的木盒稱函匣,用于收藏書籍。目前文溯閣的《四庫全書》保存在甘肅省圖書館。
看到這里,我們今天的參觀已經(jīng)接近尾聲。沈陽故宮的三路建筑是分期建造的,布局卻是一氣呵成,完整和諧。特別是三路建筑分別代表了“八和碩貝勒共治國政”、“皇太極南面獨尊”、“康乾盛世”三個時期社會發(fā)展的基本特征。“建筑是凝固的歷史”,從總體來看,沈陽故宮以建筑的方式反映了滿族政權(quán)和滿族社會由崛起――興盛一高度發(fā)展的歷史進程。
各位朋友,我們的參觀就要結(jié)束了,希望故宮之行能給您留下美好的回憶。
第四篇:關(guān)于沈陽故宮導游詞講解
各位游客大家好,
我們此次游覽的景點是世界文化遺產(chǎn)、國家 4A級景區(qū)、國家重點文物保護單位――沈陽故宮。首先呢,我們一起來看一下沈陽故宮的平面圖。
沈陽故宮始建于公元1625年。先后經(jīng)過三次大規(guī)模建設,形成了東、中、西三路格局。東路建立于清太祖努爾哈赤時期,主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太極時期,主要的建筑是大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮;西路呢,建于清乾隆年間,主要建筑是戲臺、嘉蔭堂、文溯閣和仰熙齋,它因存放《四庫全書》而聞名。那么作為我國現(xiàn)存最完好的兩座古代帝王宮殿之一呢,沈陽故宮與北京故宮遙相呼應,卻又有著截然不同的建筑風格?,F(xiàn)在呢我們就來領(lǐng)略一下昔日皇宮的風采。
首先我們看到的是中路建筑的大清門,它俗稱午門,也就是沈陽故宮的正門。是當時文武群臣候朝的地方,也是清太宗皇太極接受群臣謝恩之處。那么這座門為什么叫做大清門呢?正統(tǒng)的說法是清朝的國號為清,皇宮的正門就是國門,所以稱為大清門。還有一個傳說,這座木門呢在建成之后呢并沒有名稱,只是叫做大門。后來,皇太極改國號為大清,聽說北京明朝皇宮的宮門叫大明門,于是為了體現(xiàn)針鋒相對,就將此門命名為大清門。
我們穿過大清門,現(xiàn)在正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”,俗稱金鑾殿。崇德元年定名為崇政殿。它是皇太極日常處理軍政要務、接見外國使臣和邊疆少數(shù)民族代表的地方。
我們可以看到崇政殿為五間九檁硬山式建筑,殿頂鋪黃琉璃瓦,鑲綠剪邊,那么請各位游客注意的是殿頂?shù)牧鹆?,有去過北京故宮的朋友一定會清楚地記得北京故宮的琉璃瓦是黃色的,而沈陽的琉璃瓦是黃色鑲綠剪邊。那么這是沈陽故宮與北京故宮的重要差別之一。
我們走上月臺。那么在月臺兩側(cè)分別有用于計時的日晷,和用于存放標準計量單位的嘉量亭。我們看到在月臺上呢還設有四口大缸,那么大家知道它們是做什么用的嗎?那我告訴大家吧,他叫做“吉祥缸”古代稱它是“門?!?,是皇宮中重要的防火設施,象征缸中水多似海,可以鎮(zhèn)火災。
我們走上須彌座。抬頭看上方的牌匾是用滿文和漢文書寫的“崇政殿”。請游客看左邊的滿文,我們有個形象的比喻“中間一根棍,兩邊都是刺,加上圈和點,就是滿文字兒”。那么沈陽故宮的牌匾都是滿文在左,漢文在右。而北京故宮的牌匾都是漢文在左,滿文在右。那么這是沈陽故宮與北京故宮的差別之二。
我們抬頭看崇政殿內(nèi)上方懸掛的“正大光明”匾額,是由順治皇帝手諭的。下面呢是皇帝的寶座,據(jù)說寶座上繪制雕刻有8條金龍,再加上坐在寶座上的真龍?zhí)熳?,正好是中國古代最大的陽?shù)九條龍。現(xiàn)在崇政殿呢,我們就游覽到這里。
眼前的雄偉建筑呢,就是鳳凰樓。它建在3.8米高的青磚臺基上,為三層歇山式建筑。它原名翔鳳樓,是皇太極休息、宴會和讀書之所。我們看到正門上方懸掛的“紫氣東來”橫匾呢,是由乾隆皇帝手諭的。意思是大清朝國運強盛的福氣是從東方的盛京傳來的。那么鳳凰樓不僅是當時后宮的正門,又是當時盛京城的最高建筑,所以有“鳳樓曉日”之稱,并被列為盛京八景之一。傳說呀當年站在鳳凰樓上就可以看到撫順城呢。
穿過鳳凰樓呢我們來到了一處院落,此處呢就是皇太極的后宮所在。我們正面的是皇太極的中宮“清寧宮”。它原名正宮,是沈陽故宮中最具滿族住宅特色的建筑。我們可以看到它的門呢開在靠東的一側(cè)。形如口袋,所以稱為“口袋房”。東一間呢是皇太極和孝端文皇后博爾濟吉特氏的寢宮,又稱暖閣。寢宮分為南北兩室,各有火炕又稱龍床。1643年,皇太極就在這里‘端坐無疾而終’,終年52歲,后葬于昭陵。那么在東側(cè)第二間的窗下呢,設有兩口大鍋,它是用來干什么的呢?我來解釋一下,這兩口鍋是用來祭祀的。滿族人信奉薩滿教。人們將熱酒灌進豬的耳朵,如果豬耳朵有晃動即表示神靈已經(jīng)接收該祭品。如果不動,則表示神靈不滿意,則本次祭祀活動不能在進行下去了。那么豬由于受到刺激就會搖頭,滿族人認為此時的豬已經(jīng)通神,成為連接天地的媒介。于是呢就將豬宰殺后洗干凈,切成大塊,放入北側(cè)的兩口大鍋里清水煮熟,那煮熟的肉呢就餓放入木槽中供奉給神靈享用,然后再分給參加祭祀的人們,稱為“吃福肉”,滿族人相信吃了福肉,福氣就會降臨到每個人的身上。
那么我們現(xiàn)在來到西一側(cè)的房間,西側(cè)呢三間通連,北、西、南三面搭成相連的環(huán)炕,稱為“萬字炕”,這里既是皇帝舉行內(nèi)宮便宴之處,也是滿族巫人薩滿為皇帝和國家祈神的地方。
清寧宮與漢族建筑不同的地方還在于它的煙囪建在屋后,而且是從地面向上壘起的。一會我們在繞道后面看這個煙囪。清寧宮的這種“口袋房,萬字炕,煙囪建在地面上”的建筑特點具有滿族特有的民族風格。
我們出了清寧宮呢,大家看到的這其他四座寢宮分別是:關(guān)雎宮、麟趾宮、衍慶宮、永福宮。我們下面逐一參觀。
關(guān)雎宮是皇太極一生中最寵愛的宸妃――海蘭珠的寢宮。海蘭珠是中宮皇后的親侄女,永福宮莊妃的親姐姐。海蘭珠嫁皇太極時已經(jīng)26歲,但皇太極卻對海蘭珠有著很深的感情。海蘭珠由于親生的八皇子早逝,終日郁郁寡歡,在崇德六年病逝。在他死后兩年,皇太極也去世了,據(jù)說皇太極的早逝與兩年前宸妃的病逝有著密切的關(guān)系。
這是衍慶宮,是皇太極淑妃的寢宮,其女,被皇太極嫁給多爾袞為妻
這是麟趾宮,是皇太極貴妃娜木鐘的寢宮,其子博果爾曾在皇太極死后成為福臨皇位的最大競爭者。后成為朝中重臣。
我們最后來看看皇太極后妃中地位最低的永福宮。永福宮是莊妃博爾濟吉特氏的宮室。若論及對清政權(quán)的影響,莊妃的作用遠遠超過了其她四位后妃,被后人評價為清朝歷史上最有作為的后妃。莊妃也是中宮皇后的親侄女,關(guān)雎宮海蘭珠的親妹妹。莊妃以其卓越的政治才能,輔佐了三位皇帝成就大清的基業(yè)。康熙二十六年,莊妃病逝,享年75歲。成為清朝后宮中壽祿最長的女人。
大家看,在庭院的西南角立著的紅色木桿稱為索倫桿,木桿頂端有錫斗。滿族人稱它為“神桿”。它是用來喂養(yǎng)烏鴉的。那么游客們是不是會疑問,為什么滿族要祭祀烏鴉呢?其實這于一個關(guān)于烏鴉的傳說有關(guān)。滿族的先祖有一次在被仇家追殺時,曾絕望的躺在地上,這時恰巧一群烏鴉落在他的身上。仇家經(jīng)過此地,認為烏鴉是不會在有活人的地方停留的,就這樣滿族的祖先得救了。后來滿族人為報答烏鴉救祖先一命的恩德,開始供奉烏鴉,祭祀的時候把豬的內(nèi)臟放到錫斗里來供養(yǎng)烏鴉。
現(xiàn)在呢,我們看到的就是在清寧宮后的這根煙囪,也是當年沈陽城內(nèi)唯一的一根煙囪。寓意“一統(tǒng)江山”。大家數(shù)一下煙囪有多少層?……對一共有十一層,我告訴大家在十一層上面還有三塊磚。那么這怎么講哪?問大家一個小問題:清朝有多少位皇帝,又有多少位是壽終正寢的?……對清朝一共有12為皇帝。其中11位壽終正寢。末代皇帝溥儀只做了三年的皇帝。正好和這十一層零三塊磚“一統(tǒng)江山”吻合。
好了,朋友們沈陽故宮我就為大家介紹到這里,希望我的講解能給大家留下深刻的印象。現(xiàn)在大家可以自由活動30分鐘,30分鐘之后,我們在正門集合。
第五篇:介紹沈陽故宮導游詞
hello, everyone! please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf ofshenyang citizens. i'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from nowon i will show you around shenyang imperial palace, where the founder of qingdynasty nuerhachi and his son huangtaiji lived.
shenyang imperial palace, fuling tomb and zhaoling tomb made in the earlyperiod of qing dynasty are the three famous historical sites in shenyang.shenyang imperial palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 andwas roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of nuerhachi and huangtaiji.after them four emperors of qing dynasty had come back from beijing to thispalace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. they wereemperor kangxi, qianlong, jiaqing and daoguang. therefore, until 1783 the palacewas finally finished. shenyang imperial palace is one of the two royal palaceswell kept in china. the other one is forbidden city in beijing. shenyangimperial palace was entitled "historic culture relics preserved buildings" in1961 by the state council. this palace is an emperor museum combining thearchitectural styles of the minorities of man, han and mongolia. this palacecovers an area of 60,000 square meters, comprising over 20 courtyards, 300houses and 70 buildings. the whole construction is divided into three sections:the east, middle and west.
first let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middlesection. the layout of middle section is similar to a chinese compound withthree courtyards. the first courtyard is the office area. it starts from thegrand qing gate on the south and ends at holy administration hall. from phoenixtower to purity and tranquility hall is the residential area. they all lay outon the same line. the main entrance to the palace is the grand qing gate, alsocalled meridian gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of heavenand the palace should be the center of universe .the grand qing gate was builtin 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministersto present themselves before the emperor daily .the special feature of the gateis the tile color. they are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders.yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea andmountains. the combination of them means controlling the vast areas on theearth. the building to the east of grand qing gate is called ancestor temple(taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. so ancestor temple is the mostimportant. please follow me into the gate. this path in the middle links thegate to holy administration hall with flying dragon pavilion (feilongge) andflying phoenix pavilion (xiangfengge) on each side. the hall of holyadministration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it wasthe center of the military, administrative affairs in early qing dynasty and hadwitnessed many national ceremonies. flying dragon and flying phoenix pavilionswere for storing music instruments. holy administration hall was emperorhuangtaiji's office. in front of the hall are rigui and jiangliang, which wereused as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. in accidentconstruction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area isin the rear.
since we have visited the place where the emperors worked and now we'll paya visit to the place where empress
and concubines lived. here is the phoenix tower. it served as an entranceto the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of huangtaiji and hisconcubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. the towerwas built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. it was the tallest building in shenyangat that time .it is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower andphoenix sunrise is one of the famous eight fascinating scenes in shenyang. lookupward, we will see a board hanging up on phoenix tower ,on which emperorqianlong inscribed "ziqidonglai", which meant the qing dynasty in beijingimmigrated from shengjing, the old name for shenyang to the east .there are24staircases leading to phoenix tower representing 24 seasonal divisions pointsin chinese lunar calendar.
in shenyang imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which iscontrary to the architectural style in forbidden city in beijing. walkingthrough the tower are the rear chambers. the one on the north in the middle wascalled purity and tranquility hall, which was prepared for emperor and empress.the other four lying on both sides were for concubines .purity and tranquilityhall has five rooms and the first from the east was where huangraiji passed awayhere at the age of 52 without any disease. his throne passed to his ninth son,fulin. in early qing dynasty, the construction style was summed up like this:bag-like house, zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground. the main buildingshere were different from other buildings with a door was opened in the wall ofthe east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag. the zigzagbeds, made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called "kang"in chinese. in order to get heat and keep room warm in winter, tunnels was madeunder the ground of purity and tranquility hall to put fire and smoke through.now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.
now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. this redpole is called suolun pole, or holy pole. its round tin container near the topwas filled with food for feeding crows. it was said that nuerhachi was saved bycrows. crows are considered sacred in manchurian culture though in chineseculture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. emperor huangtaiji hadfour concubines. among the four concubines chen was loved best by huangtaiji andconcubine zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, fulin.therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. the only chimney wasbuilt on the rear of purity and tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers,representing the 11 emperors from emperor huangtaiji to the last emperor puyi.this chimney was the highest one at that time. in chinese, the sound of chimney"tong" is the same as that of unity. to the north further is rear courtyardcalled yuhua garden. after visiting the middle section of the palace, we come tothe eastern section. its representative building is the great administrationhall, flanked by ten princes pavilions. this part was built in 1625, and theywere the earliest building in shenyang imperial palace. great administrationhall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. great administrationhall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and alsoeight banner military system.
now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were theoffices of the commanders at that time. here i will give you an introduction tothe military system of early manchurian period. nuerhachi divided his troops infour parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .there serethen four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. as the troopsexpanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kindsof banner were needed .by then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. thisarmy was therefore well known for eight banner army.
the last part of shenyang imperial palace is the western section, builtfrom 1782 to 1783 and during emperor qianlong's reign. its main construction isbook source pavilion (wensuge) with theater platform and gooddescendant-benefiting hall (jiayintang) in front, prosperity administrationstudy (yangxizhai) and nine halls behind. book source pavilion (wensuge) wasspecially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time, si kuquan shu. this encyclopedia collected most of the books in chinese history .itscomplication started in 1773.this set of history books is composed of sevensections, more than 36,000 volumes. it took educated persons over 10 years tofinish is. when finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in sevenpavilions across china. the other six copies were either damaged during wars orlost. this set is the only one well kept. but the real copy is no longer hereand now is restored in the palace museum in beijing and gansu province library.we can see that book source pavilion covered with black tiles. in chinesephilosophy, black refers water. the pavilion was built for storing books and itsbiggest threat was fire. so black tiles hinting water covering it on the top asa way of protection. good property admiration study was for emperor readingwhile descendant-benefiting hall and the theater platform consisting of acourtyard for emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. shenyangimperial palace is one of the cultural relics in china and it is the symbol ofthis city. it is a good combination of different nationalities as well as atourist attraction.
and now we have to end our visiting, i hope you all enjoy it and thank youfor your cooperation, goodbye.