千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《導(dǎo)游詞的結(jié)束語》，但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《導(dǎo)游詞的結(jié)束語》。

第一篇：導(dǎo)游詞的結(jié)束語

根據(jù)歷史記載，從戰(zhàn)國以來，有20多個諸候國和封建王朝來修筑長城。最早是楚國為了防御北方的游牧民族和敵國，開始營建長城。隨后，齊國、燕國、魏國、趙國和秦國等地，也開始修筑長城。秦始皇統(tǒng)一六國后，把各國的長城都連在一起，就是現(xiàn)在的萬里長城。

長城高大堅(jiān)固，是用兩千斤重的條石筑成的。長城非常寬，五六匹可以并行；長城非常長，一共一萬三千多里，它的東頭是山海關(guān)，西頭是嘉峪關(guān)；長城設(shè)計(jì)非常奇妙，城墻上的垛子可以t望和射擊用，打倒時(shí)特別方便。

好了，今天我就帶大家游覽到這，長城是世界八大奇跡之一，希望大家不要破壞，要保護(hù)我們民族的驕傲呀！

第二篇：個人工作總結(jié)優(yōu)秀的結(jié)束語

總結(jié)是單位或個人對過去一個時(shí)期內(nèi)的實(shí)踐活動作出系統(tǒng)的回顧歸納、分析評價(jià)。下面是小編為你整理了個人工作總結(jié)優(yōu)秀的結(jié)束語，希望能幫助到您。

充分發(fā)揮政協(xié)的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，切實(shí)做好各項(xiàng)聯(lián)誼工作。加強(qiáng)聯(lián)誼交往，增強(qiáng)*政協(xié)的凝聚力，要充分發(fā)揮*政協(xié)作為最廣泛的愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線組織的作用，求同存異，把不同黨派、不同階層、不同民族、不同信仰的人在愛國主義和社會主義的旗幟下團(tuán)結(jié)起來，團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量，在實(shí)現(xiàn)祖國統(tǒng)一和振興中華的大目標(biāo)下凝聚起來，努力增進(jìn)全縣*的大團(tuán)結(jié)、大聯(lián)合。進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)海內(nèi)外聯(lián)誼，多渠道、多形式地做好對外聯(lián)系工作。廣交新朋友，不忘老朋友，為不斷擴(kuò)大我縣最廣泛的愛國統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線作貢獻(xiàn)。充分發(fā)揮政協(xié)的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢，不斷開辟、拓寬對外開放的新渠道、新領(lǐng)域，為我縣經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步做出新成績。

探索創(chuàng)新是青年人應(yīng)有的職責(zé)，也是社會向高層次發(fā)展的必由之路。我順應(yīng)時(shí)代付于給我們的歷史重任，做好人事年度工作計(jì)劃，參與人事電腦*作培訓(xùn)，勇于在人事工作方面多使用現(xiàn)代化的武器，不斷尋找能人事工作的科學(xué)*和規(guī)范*，力求能在人事的工作領(lǐng)域?qū)ふ页鲆稽c(diǎn)有價(jià)值的東西?？傊覠o愧于一個*教師，*員的光榮稱號，無愧于學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)所委托的重任。

總之，這一年以來，我們有得也有失，有苦也有甜，但是不論歡笑或淚水，都將會是我們每個人在愛心社彌足珍貴的珍藏。相信愛心社的明天會更好!

總結(jié)一年的工作，盡管有了一定的進(jìn)步和成績，但在一些方面還存在著不足。比如有創(chuàng)造*的工作思路還不是很多，個別工作做的還不夠完善，這有待于在今后的工作中加以改進(jìn)。在新的一年里，我將認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)各項(xiàng)政策規(guī)章制度，努力使思想覺悟和工作效率全面進(jìn)入一個新水平，為公司的發(fā)展做出更大更多的貢獻(xiàn)!總之，在過去的一年里，在廠黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以及各部門的大力支持下，經(jīng)過全體人員共同努力，基本上按計(jì)劃完成了工作任務(wù)。盡管取得了一些成績，但我們深知，辦公室工作沒有止境，如何更好地樹立窗口形象，更好地發(fā)揮協(xié)調(diào)與服務(wù)職能，更好地開拓創(chuàng)新和持續(xù)發(fā)展，仍然是我們今后在工作中需要不斷思考的問題。我們深感重任在肩，不敢有絲毫懈怠。

最后，用一句話作為本年度的工作總結(jié)下一年度的開始，也就是：前行，需要堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)持，必然前行。這既是自勵，更是共勉。

以上所述，僅為自己的一點(diǎn)不成熟的思考，不妥不當(dāng)之處，敬請批評指正。

第三篇：導(dǎo)游詞個性導(dǎo)游詞

下面講解是關(guān)于倒要詞一些相關(guān)范文，如果大家正在關(guān)于個性導(dǎo)游詞語范文這方面內(nèi)容，那么大家有眼?？?希望各位都能夠閱讀以下文章哦!

最新山陜甘會館導(dǎo)游詞

各位朋友大家好，歡迎您來到山陜甘會館，大家一路上辛苦了，我是您這次行程的講解員，大家叫我小劉就可以了，山陜甘會館導(dǎo)游詞。非常榮幸能為大家提供服務(wù)，希望我的服務(wù)能夠給大家?guī)硪欢斡淇斓穆贸獭?/p>

那么現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在大家面前的這座建筑就是照壁了，他素雅大方，雄偉壯觀，高8.6米，長16.5米。照壁又稱照墻、影墻，俗稱影壁墻，它主要是作為建筑物前的屏障，擋住外人的視線，使之不能對院內(nèi)的情況一覽無余，同時(shí)又作為人們進(jìn)入院落前停歇和整理衣冠的地方。此外，照壁還具有兩個功能，防止金錢外漏和擋住小鬼進(jìn)屋，因?yàn)閭髡f小鬼只會直著走，用照壁的形式擋他一下他就進(jìn)不來了。

那咱們會館的照壁呢從上到下分為三個部分，最上面是廡殿頂。廡殿頂是中國建筑等級最高的一種屋頂形式，在故宮當(dāng)中很多建筑都采用這種形式的屋頂，它是由一條正脊和前后左右四坡相交而成的四條垂脊構(gòu)成，所以廡殿頂又叫做四阿頂或五脊頂。咱們會館的木雕、石雕、磚雕技藝精湛、內(nèi)容豐富，被成為會館三絕，其中磚雕就主要表現(xiàn)在照壁上。咱們順著房檐向下看一點(diǎn)兒，那四個突出的圓圓的叫做壽字紋梁頭，它們將此部分分成了5個部分，中間又有兩個龍形耍頭把每個部分又分成了三個部分，所以磚雕的區(qū)域從左到右一共為15個部分。

那我們先從左往右數(shù)，在第二個區(qū)域中呢，我們看到一朵牡丹花插在花瓶當(dāng)中，大家都知道，牡丹是富貴之花，那花瓶呢?在中國語言中啊有一種特殊的現(xiàn)象，就是我們把音相同的字認(rèn)為是同意字，因?yàn)榛ㄆ康钠颗c平安的平相諧音，所以呢，牡丹花插在花瓶當(dāng)中呢，就是富貴平安的意思了。那我們往右看第三區(qū)的位置，我們看到一只小獅子馱著一個寶瓶，獅子的獅與世代的世音相諧，所以獅駝寶瓶就是世代平安了。還有它旁邊的那幅，也就是第四區(qū)的位置，我們看到兩本書。其實(shí)這是古代商人記賬所用的賬本，上面開著的是進(jìn)賬的賬本，下面合著的是出賬的賬本，進(jìn)賬賬本壓著出賬賬本，代表只進(jìn)不出，也是表達(dá)多多賺錢，好運(yùn)連連的愿望了。

從左往右數(shù)在第六個區(qū)域當(dāng)中我們看到花瓶之后出現(xiàn)了一把寶劍，那這也很好理解，就是保平安的意思了。商人們在外經(jīng)商，尤其是像咱們會館都是山西、陜西、甘肅的商人可以說不遠(yuǎn)萬里的來經(jīng)商，出門在外，當(dāng)然最希望的就是自己的家宅平安、財(cái)產(chǎn)平安了。那咱們接著向下看，就能夠欣賞到咱們會館的石雕了。相信大家看到照壁的第一眼就已經(jīng)看到照壁中心的這個圖案了。它是一幅二龍戲珠圖，這幅圖里面是圓的，外面是方的，外圓內(nèi)方呢這也是對古人天圓地方說的一種具體反映了。我們看這兩條龍爪托著的這顆珠子呢既不是珍珠也不是寶珠，也不是中國傳統(tǒng)意義上的月明珠或者火焰珠，那如果大家仔細(xì)觀察的話可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，它是一只有眼睛有嘴巴而且還倒掛著的蜘蛛。這蜘蛛，在古代又稱為蟢子，是中國傳說當(dāng)中的喜樂之神，二龍戲蟢子，寓意著喜從天降、喜事到來。

還有一種說法是蜘蛛吐絲結(jié)網(wǎng)，這同商人的商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是非常相似的，也表達(dá)了商人網(wǎng)羅全國的愿望。旁邊的忠、義、仁、勇四個大字是我市著名的青年書法家也是我市的副市長陳國楨先生精心書寫的，這四個字也是對關(guān)羽一生的高度概括，說的是關(guān)羽一生對國忠、待人義、處事仁、作戰(zhàn)勇，這也是為什么人們千百年來崇尚關(guān)羽關(guān)圣帝君的原因了。大家看身后的這座建筑，上面寫著關(guān)廟倆字，其實(shí)呢這座山陜甘會館最早是在清朝乾隆年間，由山西和陜西的商人共同集資修建的，后來隨著光緒年間甘肅商人的加入，于是改名為山陜甘會館。會館的主要收入是靠商戶的捐攤，其次就是靠房屋和土地的租賃收入了。當(dāng)時(shí)的山陜甘會館共計(jì)有房屋300多間，土地200多畝，我們現(xiàn)在所能見到的就是關(guān)帝廟的部分，還不到當(dāng)時(shí)的五分之一。

參觀完照壁后咱們繼續(xù)向前走。穿過甬道后我們看到的左右兩邊對稱的建筑就是鐘鼓二樓了。古代重鎮(zhèn)和大型的寺院內(nèi)都設(shè)有鐘鼓二樓。咱會館這鐘鼓二樓平面呈正方形，通高12.14米，是由四根通柱擎撐，二層以上又設(shè)有12根柱子，為重檐歇山頂，十分的華麗。咱們山陜甘會館的是開封經(jīng)過戰(zhàn)亂水禍后唯一保存下來清代鐘鼓樓，建于清道光年間，您在其他景點(diǎn)看到的都是后來才建造的。我們知道，古人是沒有鐘表之類的計(jì)時(shí)工具的，所以人們就以早晨敲鐘、晚上擊鼓的方式提醒人們時(shí)間，這就會讓我們自然而然的想起晨鐘暮鼓，又仿佛回到了那個日出而作、日落而息的年代。那鼓樓啊還有一個特殊的用途。據(jù)記載，鼓樓最早是北魏年間由縣令李崇所建，當(dāng)時(shí)是作為擒賊捉盜時(shí)傳遞信息的工具來使用。那咱們都知道烽火狼煙，它和鼓樓的作用也是相同的，但是卻沒有鼓樓這么方便?？梢哉f，鼓樓是咱們中國人在信息傳遞上繼烽火狼煙之后的又一大創(chuàng)舉。

那看完鼓樓二樓以后呢，咱們回過身來看看咱們身后的這座建筑。剛才通過甬道時(shí)咱頭上面的這個呢就叫做戲樓，上面的就是戲臺了。一般較大的會館都會有戲臺，古代的戲臺分為兩種，一種是三面開口凸出式戲臺，長什么樣子呢，就是咱們會館戲臺的樣子。觀眾可以從三面觀看演員的演出。另一種為一面開口鏡框式戲臺，跟咱們現(xiàn)在舞臺非常的相近。那咱們會館的戲樓也有它的特別之處，它分為上下兩層，上面演戲、下面可供行走，有行走演出兩不誤的功效。清代和民國的時(shí)候有許多名角都在這里演出過，尤其是在清代的時(shí)候，每逢正月十

三、五月十三和九月十三都會在這里演大戲來祭祀關(guān)羽。大家來看，這座建筑上最有意思的就是旁邊的這兩幅對聯(lián)了：幻即是真，世態(tài)人情，描寫的淋漓盡致;今世猶古，新聞舊事，扮演的毫發(fā)不差。臺上笑，臺下笑臺上臺下笑惹笑;看古人，看今人，看古看今人看人。由此看來戲樓確實(shí)演繹了人間百態(tài)。那我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)咱站在這里看戲呢時(shí)間久了就會感到脖子酸疼、非常不舒服。一向以建筑結(jié)構(gòu)合理著稱的中國古典建筑怎么會犯這種錯不是錯誤，那么最佳的觀賞位置又是在哪里呢?那我在這里先給大家買個關(guān)子，答案咱們待會兒揭曉。

個性導(dǎo)游詞語范文

精選香山導(dǎo)游詞

山公園位于北京西北郊西山東麓，東南距市中心28公里。最高點(diǎn)為香爐峰，海拔557米，俗稱鬼見愁。

香山山頂有巨石兩塊，叫乳峰石。其形酷似香爐，周圍又常有云霧彌漫，如裊裊升空的香煙，香山由此得名。 香山景色秀麗，名勝遍布，風(fēng)光旖旎，極富自然野趣。秋來黃櫨換裝，漫山紅遍，如火如荼，此即香山紅葉，是燕京八景之一。香山冬天的景色也很迷人，每當(dāng)冬雪初晴，一片銀妝素裹，分外妖嬈，舊燕京八景之一的西山晴雪就指這里。

香山寺，在香山公園內(nèi)蟾蜍峰北。金大定二十六年(1186年)建，金世宗賜名大永安寺，為香山諸寺之首，靜宜園二十八景之一。后遭英法聯(lián)軍和八國聯(lián)軍焚毀，僅存石階，石坊柱、石屏等遺跡，唯有寺內(nèi)的聽法松依然屹立。 香爐峰，俗稱鬼見愁。在香山公園西部。此峰高峻陡削，攀登不易，在峰頂可飽覽香山全景。近年已建有纜車索道，牽引登山。 雙清別墅在香山公園內(nèi)香山寺下。這里原有兩股清泉，相傳金章宗時(shí)稱夢感泉。清乾隆在泉旁石崖上題刻雙清二字。

1917年熊希齡在此修建別墅，并以此為名。別墅淡雅幽靜，山水樹石順其自然。清泉大聚一池，池邊有亭，亭后有屋，屋旁有竹，竹影扶疏，秀麗非凡。在此春日賞花，酷夏避暑，秋觀紅葉，寒冬踏雪，四季景色綺麗，稱為香山園中園。 眼鏡湖，在香山公園北門內(nèi)。兩泓平靜的湖水由一座白石拱橋相聯(lián)，形似眼鏡，故此得名。湖的北側(cè)山石疊嶂，峰巒崛起。一洞之上，流泉直下，恰似珠簾垂掛的水簾洞。山花芳草在溝壑石縫和小溪池水旁爭奇斗艷，古柏蒼松、老槐垂柳交匯成一片清蔭。 見心齋在香山公園北門內(nèi)西側(cè)，毗鄰眼鏡湖。建于明嘉靖年間，幾經(jīng)修葺，是座頗具江南風(fēng)味的庭院。

香山庭院中心是一平圓形水池，清洌的泉水從石雕的龍口中注入，夏來新荷婷立，金魚嬉戲。池東、南、北三面回廊環(huán)抱，內(nèi)有一小亭伸入池中。池西有軒榭三間，即見心齋。齋后山石嶙峋，松柏交翠。整個庭院清靜幽雅，使人留連忘返。當(dāng)年乾隆帝曾在此讀書和賜宴臣僚。

關(guān)于福建莆田九鯉湖導(dǎo)游詞

各位團(tuán)友，大家好： 現(xiàn)在由我為大家服務(wù)。

我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的九鯉湖景區(qū)位于仙游縣東北隅約25公里的萬山之巔，面積29平方公里，平均海拔590米。(因在萬山之顛，道路崎嶇、陡峭大家要注意安全，互相幫助。)這里以湖、洞、瀑、石四奇著稱，尤以飛瀑為最，自古以來有鯉湖飛瀑天下奇之譽(yù);明代大旅行家徐霞客把它與武夷山、玉華洞并稱福建三絕。

九鯉湖的由來，還有一段傳說：相傳漢武帝時(shí)，安徽蘆江有一個叫何任俠的人生了九個兒子，但除了老大額中間有一只眼睛外，其余八人雙目失明。他們不肯參加淮南王劉安的叛亂，而被劉安派人追殺， 歷盡千辛萬難，來到今天九鯉湖所在的山巒之顛，并在此隱居下來修道煉丹、普濟(jì)眾生。有一天風(fēng)雨大作、雷電交加，突然從湖中躍出九條鯉魚，身的兩側(cè)長出翅膀，九兄弟知道鯉魚吃了他們的仙丹要升天了于是各乘一條鯉魚沖天而去，成了神仙。九鯉湖因此而得名。各位團(tuán)友，現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在我們眼前的這座頗具中華民族特色的橋，被稱為通仙橋，意為通往人間仙境之橋。也是為風(fēng)景區(qū)的路口。

請大家往下瞧，溪床上那些奇形怪狀的溶洞，大家看這些溶洞像什么形狀?是不是像仙人煉丹時(shí)用的物品形狀呢?傳說這是仙人煉丹是留下的遺跡。有人曾經(jīng)把染上顏色的稗谷倒進(jìn)溶洞里，后來在莆田三江口林蘭溪入海處發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些稗谷，你們說奇特不奇特?那這些溶洞究竟是什么原因造成的呢?其實(shí)這些溶洞乃是大自然的杰作，距今大約7000萬年的燕山晚期，由于地殼深部的巖漿侵入，形成了花崗巖體，而花崗巖所含的礦物，經(jīng)過發(fā)育后形成各種形態(tài)，在漫長的地殼變遷過程中，在外力的作用下，才形成如今這些溶洞。

團(tuán)友們，眼前就是九鯉湖。整個湖呈圓形，直徑67米。面積不到杭州西湖的十分之一，卻可用小巧出雅四個字來形容。清晨、旁晚、入夜都有它的特色美景。為了紀(jì)念何氏兄弟而修建的這座祠宇，稱為九仙祠。重建于宋淳熙年間，距今已有800多年的歷史了。九仙祠又名顯靈廟。

據(jù)說，九鯉仙人十分靈驗(yàn)，會給虔誠的人托夢指點(diǎn)迷津。因而歷代以來,香客絡(luò)繹不絕,連自稱江南第一才子的唐伯虎在考場失意后,千里迢迢來到九鯉湖祈夢。據(jù)說，他在此夢得九鯉仙人贈給他一個裝有一萬條墨錠的囊袋。自此以后,他寫的詩更加清新明麗,畫的畫更為傳神。各位團(tuán)友,九鯉湖的湖水雖迷人,何氏兄弟的故事雖然動人,但我們的九鯉飛瀑卻更為吸引人。你們瞧,那石湖上方的進(jìn)水處,就是第一祭-雷轟祭。此祭落差最小,但由于河床奇特,又不滿溶洞,以致水流沖下的時(shí)候,發(fā)出深沉的轟鳴,聲如洪鐘,故稱雷轟祭。現(xiàn)在請看,這就是石湖的盡頭,由于巨石橫臥,擋住了湖水的去路。湖水就怒氣沖沖向前撞。因而這祭人們稱之為瀑布祭。

各位團(tuán)友,這便是珠簾祭和玉柱祭。大家知不知道黃山有個人字瀑?水在下落時(shí)被石脊分為兩股,極像一個人字,古人稱人字瀑。而玉柱祭的水向下流時(shí),被一塊突出的巨石截?cái)?。水下落時(shí)被濺起來的水珠在陽光的照耀下,像萬穿斷了線的珍珠飛落下來,珠簾也就因此而得名。玉柱祭以下,尚有五祭瀑布, 石門祭怪石嶙峋,一水斜回,有二石亭亭如門,欲合不合,欲開不開,下涌奔泉上凝云影。五星祭有五塊巨石相擁如星,惟妙惟肖,因此得名。飛鳳祭因泉水聲如鳥語且有飛鳳峰而得名。棋盤祭中有一巨石如棋盤,盤有一石如童子在觀棋而名之。將軍祭中有二石酷似兩位勇士當(dāng)關(guān),故名之。

第四篇：故宮導(dǎo)游詞寶座導(dǎo)游詞

故宮博物院——寶座

各位游客朋友大家好，歡迎來到故宮博物院，我是導(dǎo)游小陳，故宮，本名紫禁城，始建于明朝永樂四年（1406年），是明清兩代24位帝王的宮殿，也是600年來中國皇權(quán)的象征， 紫，是古人心目中的王者之星——紫薇，來自天上。禁，是權(quán)力，來自于人，也施之于人。城，是這一片占地72萬平米的宏偉建筑群。相傳紫禁城有宮殿9999間半，實(shí)際上是8700多間，是我國也是世界上目前規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的宮殿建筑群。作為皇權(quán)的集中代表，這里的一土一木、一磚一瓦，無不投射出君臨天下、皇權(quán)神授的氣魄。

我想，最具有代表性的物件，莫過于我們眼前這座霸氣十足的髹金漆云龍紋寶座了，這是故宮現(xiàn)存做工最講究、裝飾最華貴、等級最高、體量最大、雕鏤最精的寶座。我們可以看到，它設(shè)在太和殿中央七層臺階的高臺上，后方擺設(shè)的是七扇雕有云龍紋的髹金漆大屏風(fēng)。它是明朝嘉靖（1522—1566）年間制作的，通高172厘米、寬158厘米、縱深79厘米。椅圈上共有13條金龍纏繞，其中最大的一條正龍昂首立于椅背的中央；椅面之下沒有通常的椅子腿，而是一個須彌底座，在束腰的地方透雕雙龍戲珠，滿髹金漆。周圍擺設(shè)象征太平有象的象馱寶瓶，象征君主賢明、群賢畢至的甪端，象征延年益壽的仙鶴，以及焚香用的香爐、香筒。而殿內(nèi)靠近寶座的六根明柱和梁、枋上的群龍彩畫，全用瀝粉貼金。寶座上方的蟠龍銜珠藻井，也統(tǒng)統(tǒng)罩以金漆，更顯出“金鑾寶殿”的華貴氣氛，足見坐上這個寶座的人是何等尊貴。

其實(shí)，寶座作為皇帝的專用坐具，無論在前朝還是后宮，也無論在紫禁城還是在離宮別苑，凡是皇帝所到之處，都要陳設(shè)寶座。有的寶座固定在殿宇中央地平上，與屏風(fēng)配套，體形碩大；有的只是后宮暖閣木炕上設(shè)置的坐墊。其形式不同，規(guī)格有別，但體量明顯大于一般坐具。寶座用材，多為紫檀木、黃花梨、酸枝木，裝飾圖案主要有龍紋、云紋、山水、花鳥等。明代的寶座在北京西華門外果園廠御用監(jiān)制。清代寶座除了在造辦處制作以外，還會由宮里出圖紙到地方上去做，并由宮里派到地方的織造等官員來督辦。寶座作為帝王的象征，被賦予了極高的地位。據(jù)說雍正皇帝還專門就寶座頒布過一道上諭。有一次，雍正帝發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾個新進(jìn)宮的太監(jiān)在掃地的時(shí)候，挾持笤帚從寶座前昂然直走，全無敬畏之意。于是傳諭乾清宮等處首領(lǐng)太監(jiān)：要求凡有寶座之處，所有人經(jīng)過時(shí)必存一番恭敬之心，急趨數(shù)步方合禮節(jié)，否則將嚴(yán)懲治罪。由此可見，在統(tǒng)治者心目中，寶座是何等神圣之物，見寶座如見皇帝。

那我們在參觀故宮博物院時(shí)，不管是在三大殿，還是乾清宮、養(yǎng)心殿，或是在東西六宮，請各位在欣賞古代建筑、文物珍藏時(shí)，可對其他的寶座多多留意一下，注意觀察一下各宮殿中各式各樣不同的寶座，相信會有收獲的。好了，關(guān)于寶座，我先介紹到這里了，接下來我們?nèi)タ匆豢雌渌恼滟F文物。

第五篇：北京天壇導(dǎo)游詞導(dǎo)游詞

中國北京.天 壇 ——英文導(dǎo)游辭

(Inside the South Gate of the Temple of Heaven)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Welcome to the Temple of Heaven.(After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China.There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad.All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year.Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the altar.It will take roughly one hour.Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.

(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)

The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven, the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties.It was decreed that rulers of succeive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest.But why?

The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature.In those days, there were specific rites of worship.This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.

The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty.Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares.To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one.The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices.The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.

(Along the Imperial Paage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)

The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether.Standing on the paage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other.This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

1 On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs.He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.

(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)

We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace.Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone.The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring.Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9.But why?

According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors.Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin.Nine was the largest heavenly number acceible to man.What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.

Once more look at the round stone in the center.The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters) in circumference, while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang.Claified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized succe.What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized.The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.

Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice.The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace; while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks.The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning.All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued.On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood, musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven.When the service drew to a close, the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end, the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be bleed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.It is interesting to note that, the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance, since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer.The stone, which is known as the God’s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself.(Proceed northward to pa through the Lattice Star Gate)

(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)

this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse.It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles.The

2 roofing, beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks.This is the only structure of its kind in China today.

the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept.Douglas Hurd, a former British foreign secretary, once said, “God attends to His affairs on the Circular Mound Altar but stays here.” Now let` s go in to see it (Go through the left side door)

(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)

this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse.It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter.The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows.It is decorated with colored paintings.Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace, the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl” design in relief.We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.

(On the marble terrace of the main hall)

The arch of the hall is buttreed by 16 giant pillars on two rings.On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caion, or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design.The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.

To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal.Atop it, up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined.On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon, constellation, cloud, rain, wind and thunder.

(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)

Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i.e.the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone.A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart.This is poible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.

In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone.If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times.Hence the name.(Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)

(Nine-Dragon Cypre)

3

the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypre trees-there are more than 60,000 cypre trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypre was planted more than 500 years ago.Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypre.It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs.Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.

(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)

Now we are back again on the Central Axis.This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest.The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis.It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.

(On the Red Stairway Bridge)

Entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised paage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall.This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.

The paage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cro arrangement of slabs.The central and widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it.The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk.The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people.This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.

Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all.But how so? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep.The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice.All in all, it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.

Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end.As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypre recede and perspective widens.Here you are in Heaven.

(Costume-Changing Terrace)

The marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or Costume Changing Terrace.It is located to the

4 east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades.The day before the service, officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes.After the service, the emperor would return to the tent and change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace.(Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)

This structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest.We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building, the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate.A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls, the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.The annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace, to set off the loftine and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building, 38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball.The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings.The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace.At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it.

Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.

(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)

The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height, covering a space of 4,000 square meters.Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure.In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs.To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and down pipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls.In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed.Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.

(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)

Climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall, a masterpiece of ancient China.Looking up you will see the caion, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes.In and out, the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.

Without the use of steel, cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crobeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 maive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters.The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four seasons.There are two rings of 12

5 scarlet pillars each.The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year.The pillars, 28 in number, also represent the 28 constellations in the universe- the ancient Chinese believed that there were 28 constellations that made up the sky.

The center of the stone-paved floor is a round marble slab, which is 88.5 centimeters in diameter.Interestingly, the slab features natural black and white veins, corresponding to the dragon-phoenix design on the ceiling.This particular slab is known as the Dragon-phoenix stone and is regarded as a treasure inseparable from the hall.

The furnishings within the hall are placed in their original positions dating back to when Emperor Xianfeng ruled .In the forefront and above the throne are enshrined tablets in commemoration of Heaven.On either table on each side tablets of the emperor` s ancestors were placed.Each tablet is fronted by an altar.A total of 24 kinds of offering were made on it, including soup, wine, aorted cereals, and a calf.

The sacrificial rites were observed in the wee hours of the morning, sometime in the first month of the Chinese lunar year.Because it was still dark, candles, lanterns and torches were lit.This lighting coupled with the incense being burnt inside the hall, helped make the ceremony both grand and mystical.

By the time the service began, 207 musicians and dancers would be performing on platforms outside the hall.The emperor, in his blue sacrificial robe and with an air of piety and sincerity, would walk slowly into the hall, kowtow, and offer wine and prayer in honor of the deities and his ancestors.All of the offerings would then be taken to incinerators on the eastern side of the gate of prayer for Good Harvest.With this we conclude our visit to the Temper of Heaven.The feudal monarchs and their sacrificial rites have long vanished in history .However, this group of magnificent and lofty structures remain as a fine testament of the ancient Chinese` s ingenuity and as one of the cultural heritages of mankind.

(On the Long Corridor)

From the Eastern Gate of the hall of prayer for good harvest, we have now entered a 300-meter-long corridor.Consisting of 72 sections, this corridor served as a connecting building between the Slaughterhouses.Heaven Kitchen, and the main hall, It is said that this once served as a sacrificial food production line.Flanking the corridor are shopping stalls.You may find some souvenirs for your family and friend there.

Well, that is all for this tour.Thank you for your attention.I look forward to your next visit.Good luck and bon voyage.