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第一篇:英語論文開題報告范文
課題研究現(xiàn)狀:
EnglishidiomsareanimportantpartoftheEnglishvocabulary.Thegeneraltendenciesofpresent-dayEnglisharetowardsmoreidiomaticusages.HallidayandHason(1976)pointedoutthattherearethreefunctionsofEnglishidioms(ideationalfunction,interpersonalfunctionandtextualfunction).Anotherscholar,F(xiàn)ernandoC.(1996),alsomadevaluablecontributionstotheunderstandingofidiomaticexpression_rofcoherenttext,andinthecreationofstylisticeffects.
ChineselinguistslikeHuZhuanglin(1994,1996),ZhuYongsheng(1995,1996,1997)andZhangDelu(1994)mainlymadecontributionstothestudyoftextualcohesion.
課題研究目的:
ThispaperisfirstlyintendedtodefineEnglishidiomsandanalyzethefeaturesofthem.Itthenexploresthecohesivefunctionaftercarefulanalysisanddiscussion,attemptingtoarousetheconcernofusingidiomsappropriatelyandhelpreadersmakefulluseofthecohesivefunctionforcommunicatingmoreconciselyandidiomatically,thusmoreeffectively.
課題研究內(nèi)容:
AsEnglishidiomsaremuchaliveineverydayEnglish,acloselookatthefunctionofidiomsmustbetaken.Thisdissertationincludesthefollowingfiveaspects:
1.Introduction
2.AGeneralStudyofEnglishIdioms
2.1TheDefinitionofEnglishIdioms
2.2FeaturesofEnglishIdioms
3.CohesiveFunctionofEnglishIdioms
3.1Cohesion
3.2FunctionalCategories
3.3CohesiveFunctionofRelationalIdioms
3.4CohesiveFunctionofOtherIdioms
4.TheCohesiveFunctioninTermsofSyntaxAndPragmatics
4.1SyntacticCohesion
4.2PragmaticFunction
5.Conclusion
課題研究計劃:
January22-March10:questionposingoftheresearchandcollectionofmaterialsMarch11-March25:analysisofthematerialsandwritingofanoutline
March26-April30:completionofthefirstdraftandseekingsupervisor’sadviceMay1?June10:refinementofthepaperaccordingtoteacher’ssuggestion
June11―June22:finalizationofthethesisbasedonthesetrequirementsafterthedefence
主要參考文獻:
[1]Fernando,C.IdiomsandIdiomaticity.ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,2000
[2]Halliday,M.A.K.andR.Hason.CohesioninEnglish.LongmanPress,1985
[3]Lakoff,G.andM.Johnson.MetaphorsWeLiveBy.UniversityofChicagoPress,1980
[4]Makkai,A.IdiomStructureinEnglish.TheHaguePress,1972
一、選題來源、目的和意義:
本選題重在研究中西文化之間的差異以及這些差異對商務(wù)談判的影響,最后得出商務(wù)談判應(yīng)該采用的策略。
隨著我國加入WTO,國際貿(mào)易和對外交往將日益頻繁,國家與國家之間、企業(yè)與企業(yè)之間、個人與個人之間,由于存在經(jīng)濟利益的協(xié)調(diào),無時無處不需要談判。出口商和進口商要消除分歧,達成一項公平的相互之間滿意的交易,大多是通過商務(wù)談判才能做到的。因此與外界交往合作的主要方式――跨文化商務(wù)談判在社會、政治、經(jīng)濟生活中的地位越來越重要。因此,和外商談判打交道的時候,不要忽略一些看似微不足道的細節(jié),那些都有可能是成敗的關(guān)鍵。只有正確探悉、學(xué)習(xí)和熟悉不同國家的文化差異,意識到他們的重要性,才能更好地探討商務(wù)談判的策略,為最后談判的成功奠定基礎(chǔ)和提供理論依據(jù)。
二、課題的主要內(nèi)容(項目概要):
1.談判與文化的綜述
2.文化差異因素對國際商務(wù)談判的影響
2.1語言和非語言差異的影響
2.2思維方式差異的影響
2.3價值觀念差異的影響
3.應(yīng)對商務(wù)談判文化差異問題的對策
3.1樹立跨文化的談判意識
3.2談判前做好充足的準(zhǔn)備
3.3懂得談判對方的語言
3.4對待文化問題應(yīng)持有的態(tài)度
4.結(jié)尾
三、實施計劃(設(shè)計工作的主要階段、進度和完成時間等):
11月11日畢業(yè)論文動員大會
11月12日―12月1日下達任務(wù)書
12月2日―12月31日確定論文題目
1月1日―1月31日進行文獻資料的收集、篩選、做讀書筆記。
2月1日―2月28日完成論文詳細提綱,交指導(dǎo)老師修改,補充。
3月1日―3月30日進行畢業(yè)論文初稿寫作。
4月1日―5月19日畢業(yè)論文修改。
5月20日―6月5日畢業(yè)論文定稿、裝訂、答辯。
四、參考文獻:
<1>李信,《中西方文化比較概論》,航空工業(yè)出版社,2003.6
<2>李郁、張泳,淺談國際商務(wù)談判中的跨文化問題及對策[J],商業(yè)研究,2004.7
<3>廖瑛,《外貿(mào)談判英語》,對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)出版社,2004.2
<4>肖云南,《國際商務(wù)談判》,清華大學(xué)和北方交通大學(xué)出版社,2003.5
<5>楊晶,《商務(wù)談判》,清華大學(xué)出版社,2005.1
<6>姚立,《商務(wù)談判―理論、實務(wù)、風(fēng)格》,中國城市出版社,2003.3
<7>袁其剛,《國際商務(wù)談判》,山東人民出版社,2003.2
第二篇:英語論文開題報告范文
functionandapplicationofdescriptivetranslationstudies
1introduction
theintentionofthisstudyistoexplorepossibleadvantagesofdescriptivetranslationstudiesasinitsapplicationintranslationpracticeandtranslationanalysis.
sinceearly20thcentury,translationstudiesgraduallybrokeawayfromthemarginalstatuswithinotherrelateddisciplinesandestablisheditselfasanempiricalscience.fromthenon,schoolsofthoughthavekeptcomingoutandeachclaimsitslegitimacyforexistence.amongtheseschoolsisdescriptivetranslationstudies(dts).
dtsapproachestranslationfromanempiricalperspective.translationisviewedtobeasocialactivityhavingsignificantimportanceinthereceivingcultureandforthetargetcommunity.therefore,translationisdealtwithbeyondthelinguisticrealizationandlanguagecomparison,andisincorporatedinsocialandculturalcontext.
myattentionwasfirstdirectedtodtsbyitspeculiarcharacteristicofobservation,descriptionandexplanation.thesubjectiswhateverhappensintranslationpractice,fromthedeterminationofprospectivefunctionoftranslationtotheprocessoftranslator’schoiceofstrategies,brainstormingandtherevision,tothefinalproductmakingappearanceinthetargetcommunity.
themethodofdtsisbasicallydescriptive.theprescriptivetendencyandtheproblem-solutionpatternisabandoned.translationphenomenaarenoteddown.withaccumulateddata,someunderlyingtruthsabouttranslationwillcomeoutwhichwillprovetobeinstructivenotonlyfortheoreticalprobebutalsoforappliedtranslationpractice.iwillapplythisdescriptivemethodinthecasestudyofthisthesis.
aconvenienttoolhasbeensetuptoconductdts.“norm”isoperativeateverystageofdescriptionandexplanation.function,processandproductandtheirrelationshipaswellareskeletalstructureofwhatconstitutedescriptivestudies.translationphenomenaareaccountedforwiththehelpofnorm.
thecasetakeninthisthesisisthechineseclassicthedreamofredmansions.twoenglishversionstranslatedrespectivelybyyanghsien-yianddavidhawksarecomparedandobservationsaremadeinregardtotheirtranslationapproaches.
inthisregard,myobservationsarelimitedtoseveralaspects,ihopein-depthobservationandexplanationwilldoneinlightofdts.
2outline
2.1developmentandmajorconceptsofdts
inthispartiwilldescribeholms’basicmapofdtsandtherelationshipbetweenfunction,processandproduct.iwillalsodiscusssomeimportantconceptssuchaspseudo-translation,multipletranslation,translationese,normetc.
2.2methodolgy
iwillinthispartdiscussthemethodologyofdtsbeforeiapplythesametothecasestudyinthisthesiswithemphasistobeplacedonsemioticapproachandtheconceptnorm.
2.3dtsincontrasttoothertheories
acontraststudywillbeconductedherewiththeobjectivetofindthedifferenceofdtsfromothertheoriessuchasequivalencetheoryandthechinesexindayacriteria.someadvantagewillpossiblybeshowninthisstudy.
2.4casestudy
inthispart,translationofthedreamofredmansions(alsotranslatedasthestoryofthestone)willbeunderinvestigationinlightofdts.translationsamplestobequotedherewillbeselectedatrandom.
2.5conclusion
basedontheaboveelaborationofdtsandthecasestudy,possibleconclusionwillbeontheadvantageofdtsinspecificstudyoftranslation.suggestionsonfurtherresearcheffortswillbemadealso.
(note:whilethetopicwillremainthesame,theabovearrangementofcontentsissubjecttochangeintheprocessofwriting.)
0000
附錄2-引文范例(僅供參考)
“itisthereforepointlesstotrytomaketcmorescientificthanissensibleinviewofitscomplexsubject-matterandavailablemethods.translatingisamental,multi-factorialactivitywhichcannotexhaustivelybeinvestigatedwithinalinguisticframeworkignoringthepersonofthetranslator.”(wilss,1982:217)
‘“噢,這就是恐水病吧?你們貴族圈子怎么流行起這種病來啦?真夠嗆的!費芬斯小姐,您喝點茶大概沒關(guān)系吧!”’(張南峰,1990:59-60)
附錄3-參考文獻范例(僅供參考)
wilss,wolfram.thescienceoftranslationCproblemsandmethods.gunternarrverlagtubingen,1982.
newmark,peter.atextbookoftranslation.newyork:prenticehall,1988.
delabastita,dirk.translatingpuns:afalseoppositionintranslationstudies.target,1991(3:2):137-152.
專業(yè):研究方向:作者:導(dǎo)師:寫作時間:―
對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)英語學(xué)院
(英文)schoolofinternationalstudiesuniversityofinternationalbusinessandeconomics
pragmaticstrategiesinadvertising:implicatures
wangying
athesissubmittedtoschoolofinternationalstudiesofuniversityofinternationalbusinessandeconomicsinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementforthedegreeofmasterofarts
april2002beijing,china