千文網小編為你整理了多篇相關的《南京夫子廟導游詞(范文5篇)》，但愿對你工作學習有幫助，當然你在千文網還可以找到更多《南京夫子廟導游詞(范文5篇)》。

第一篇：南京夫子廟導游詞英語

Located in the south of Jiankang road in Nanjing City, it mainly refers to the Confucius Temple, Xuegong and Gongyuan, but the streets around these three buildings are traditionally called Confucius Temple. In the area of about 0.5 square kilometers from pingjiangfu road in the east to Zhanyuan road in the west, there are more than 300 shopping malls and shops, 2 cinemas and many hotels and amusement parks, etc., and there is an underground commercial street of about 10000 square meters underground. It can be said that Confucius Temple is a multi-functional service center integrating tourism, culture, commerce, catering and entertainment. More than 150000 people attended the festival, especially during the Jinling Lantern Festival. In 337, the Prime Minister Wang Dao built a school Palace on the North Bank of the Qinhuai River, which is the earliest building of Confucius Temple.

In 1032, Emperor Renzong built Confucius Temple and Confucius Temple in front of the Academy. Later, it was destroyed several times and rebuilt several times due to war. The present building was rebuilt in 1984. It reproduces the style and landscape of Jiangnan market in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Confucius Temple is a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius, covering an area of 26300 square meters. Zhaobi is located on the South Bank of Qinhuai River. It is 10 meters high and 110 meters long. The top of the wall is covered with small cylinder green tiles and the four corners are slightly tilted. Its length is the longest in China.

There is a crescent shaped panchi on the north bank and a row of carved stone railings built in the Ming Dynasty on the bank. On the east side of the stone fence is kuiken pavilion with three floors and six flying angles; on the north side is Wenshu square with four pillars and three gates, with four gold characters "Tianxia Wenshu" engraved in the middle; on the west side is Juxing pavilion with double eaves and carved ridge flying angles, and in front of Dacheng gate is Lingxing gate with six pillars and three gates. The buildings here all have the word "Star", which means that the stars of the world are gathered here. Dachengmen is an ancient building with a beam and a bucket. It has a Dragon Ridge and three doors standing side by side. Each door has 45 studs and a faucet ring. On the left and right sides of the gate stand four stone tablets of the Southern Qi, yuan and Song Dynasties, and on both sides of the inner courtyard are corridors connecting the Dacheng hall. Dacheng hall is the main building of Confucius Temple. It is 16.2 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 20.9 meters deep. It has seven Ying double eaves, four slopes and five ridges. The standing carving of dragon and pearl on the main ridge is the first in China. With 56 huge stones in the hall, it is majestic and spectacular. In front of the hall, the bronze statue of Confucius in Danlong, 4.18 meters high, is the highest in China. Outside the walls on both sides of the East and West are the East and West markets carefully planned and designed according to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, mainly dealing in antique jade, four treasures of the study, famous calligraphy and paintings and tourist souvenirs. Located at the back of Dacheng hall, the academy is composed of Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Chongsheng temple, Qingyun tower and other buildings. It is the highest Academy in ancient state capital. Mingde hall is the main hall of the Academy, which is now a playground.

From Wenshufang to the East, you can see a square three story wooden structure building with a bucket arch and cornice Mingyuan building. It is the central building of the former Jiangnan Gongyuan. It is the place to monitor examinees and issue orders during examinations. On both sides of the courtyard behind the building are the imperial examination houses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The house is about 1.5 meters long and wide. There are only two boards on the top and the bottom, with tables on the top and benches on the bottom. The examinees eat, drink and sleep in this narrow space for a few days. All the food they bring in should be checked, and even the steamed bread should be cut to prevent cheating. In its heyday, Jiangnan Gongyuan covered an area of more than 70000 square meters, with 20644 houses, the largest scale of Gongyuan in China. Mingyuanlou is now known as "Jiangnan Gongyuan site", which is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The Confucius Temple in history used to be an abnormal bustling city, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when it opened in autumn, tens of thousands of candidates (up to 20000 people) gathered here, so bookstores, teahouses and inns came into being, and restaurants and brothels also proliferated. At that time, some streets and alleys on the South Bank of the Qinhuai River were the "gentle townships" and "gold selling caves" for the children of rich families. There were also many famous prostitutes, such as Li Xiangjun and Dong Xiaowan, known as "Qinhuai eight beauties". Today, Meixiang building is rebuilt at 38 chaoku street, which is open to visitors as Li Xiangjun's former residence.

Wu Jingzi, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, once lived on the Bank of Qinhuai River. After 19 years, he wrote a famous book "scholars' history" which criticized the imperial examination system. On the site of his former residence, Qinhuai Water Pavilion, a building of the style of river hall and river house in Ming and Qing Dynasties has been built, which is called "Qinhuai family" hotel. There are folk activities such as antique wedding and so on. At present, more than 100 kinds of traditional snacks have been discovered. With foreign fast food such as KFC and McDonald's, visitors can enjoy them. Jinling Lantern Festival is even more famous. It's called the Lantern Festival on the 12th and the Lantern Festival on the 18th of the first month of the lunar calendar. In fact, since the beginning of the new year, people have been buying, selling and watching lanterns. There are dozens of colorful lanterns, which make people dazzled and confused.

第二篇：關于江蘇夫子廟的導游詞

各位游客，我們現(xiàn)在就來到了夫子廟?！傲鸱鄣?，十里秦淮河”，指的就是南京城南夫子廟地區(qū)的秦淮河風光帶，自六朝起，這里就是居民商業(yè)集中地，為古都繁華地帶。

我們現(xiàn)在站的地方是文德橋，這里有著名奇觀“文德半月”，秦淮河水從我們腳下緩緩渡過，“十里秦淮”就是指東水關至西水關的水道。

夫子廟又稱孔廟、文廟。它是祭祀我國古代著名的思想家、教育家孔子的地方。因為孔子在古代被人尊稱為孔夫子，所以孔廟被稱為“夫子廟”。它集旅游、休閑、文化、商業(yè)為一體，展現(xiàn)了六朝古都的風貌。

整個夫子廟建筑以大成殿為中心，從照壁至衛(wèi)山，都是在一條南北中樞線上成方位對稱的格局，具有典型的中國傳統(tǒng)建筑風格。

文德橋之所以有半邊月的奇景，是因為它與子午線的方向是一致的。大家向東看，有一堵紅墻，經建于明代萬歷年間，是全國最大的照壁，長110米，照壁起著遮蔽和裝飾作用。

這是盼池，當時文人洗墨之處，也是失火取水之處。

池的東邊是魁星閣，魁在古代是保佑文人高中的星宿，有“魁星點斗，獨占鰲頭”之說。池的西邊是聚星亭，是天下群星聚集的地方，盼池的北邊是一個牌坊，這就是“天下文樞”坊，四個字意指天下文化聚集的中心。

游客們，我們穿過六柱三門的欞星門，就來到了大成門，在左右各有兩塊石碑，這就是“孔子問禮圖碑”，上面刻有孔子從山東到南京向老子虛心請教的情景，蹬上露臺，我們可以看到一尊孔子青銅雕像，高4.18米，這是我國最高的孔子銅像。在銅像之后就是孔廟的主體建筑大成殿，現(xiàn)在我們就到殿內看一看。

首先，我們看到的是一幅孔子巨幅畫像，它高6.5米，寬3.15米，是我國最大的孔子畫像，畫像前是孔子四位門生的漢白玉雕像。

殿內有38幅由翡翠、瑪瑙、黃金、雞血石為材料制作的“孔子圣跡圖”，它描述了孔子一生的生平事跡。

穿過大成殿來到學宮，這里是當年秀才學習的地方，學宮的主體建筑是“明德堂”是南宋民族英雄文天袢所題，德指“忠信，忠于國家，取信于民”。

明德堂前有一鐘亭，內有禮運鐘，還有一鼓亭，內有圣音鼓，是為紀念孔子2550周年所建，在明德堂后面還有尊經閣、崇圣祠、青云樓等。

大成殿外東西兩側是東西市，是當時進行商品買賣的地方，它充分展現(xiàn)了明末清初街市風貌，所以夫子廟特色還在于廟市合一。

在夫子廟的東邊有座江南貢院，是當年科舉考試場所，也是我國古代 最大的科舉考試的遺。科舉制度發(fā)源于隋唐時期，當時有號20644間?？婆e考試分為院試、鄉(xiāng)試、會試、殿試四個等級。在院試中考中的是生員，也就是“秀才”，秀才參加第二級考試“鄉(xiāng)試”，考中的人稱“舉人”，舉人參加第三級考試“會試”，會試考中是“貢士”，貢士有資格參加最高一級的考試“殿試”，由皇帝主考，第一名是狀元，第二名是榜眼，第三名是探花。

在夫子廟周圍還有一些著名的景點，東晉書法家王獻之迎接愛妾桃葉的桃葉渡;吳敬梓故居陳列館;東晉名望族王導、謝安古居及烏衣巷;明末傳奇風塵女子李香君媚香樓等。好，游客們，今天的游覽至此結束，再見!

問答

1、孔子生平及主要著作?

孔子，魯國人，名丘，字仲尼。出生于公元前551年，死于公元前479

年，享年73歲。是儒家學派的創(chuàng)始人，我國古代著名的思想家教育家。他編訂了《詩》《書》《禮》易》《樂》《春秋》，其中《詩經》是我國最早的詩歌總集，他還編寫了現(xiàn)存最早的偏年史《春秋》

2、夫子廟在我國眾多孔廟中有哪些特點?

廟市合一，它先有學宮后有孔廟，有全國最大的照璧(長110米，高10米)，有唯一用天然河道形成的泮池，有全國最大的孔子銅像，畫像。

3、夫子廟的建筑特色及旅游特點是什么?

“青磚小瓦馬頭墻，回廊掛落花閣窗”的典型徽派建筑風格，集廟、市、景合一。

4、什么是泮池，照壁有什么作用?

所謂天子之學為“雍”，諸侯之學稱為“泮”。當年魯國于泮水河畔建學宮，后人紛紛效仿，在孔廟前修一水池稱為泮池。南京夫子廟前的泮池是利用天然河道內秦淮河而形成的。照壁起遮蔽和裝飾用。

5、夫子廟的泮池和寺廟前的放生池有什么區(qū)別?

相同點是古代的木結構建筑易起火，泮池和放生池都是便于防火救火。 不同點：夫子廟前的泮池為月牙形，沿襲傳統(tǒng)，教化黎民百姓像流水一樣源遠流長。

寺廟前的放生池為圓形或半圓形，是供寺廟內和尚放生用的。

6、桃花扇是一部什么樣的書?講述了什么故事?

《桃花扇》是一部以南明王朝的興亡為內容的歷史悲劇，共40出，故事內容是以復社名士侯方域與秦淮名妓李香君的愛情故事為主線，深刻地反映了南明王朝滅亡的歷史和當時的社會面貌，揭露了南明王朝政治的腐敗和衰亡原因，作者的創(chuàng)作意圖是“借離合之情，寫興亡之感”，以巨大的藝術感染力，吸引了眾多的讀者和觀眾。

7、國子監(jiān)是一個什么樣的機構?

明代的國子監(jiān)是當時我國最大的國立大學，他們除了教學授課外，還整理編訂了世界上最大的一部百科全書《永樂大典》。國子監(jiān)學生最多時多達9972名。

8、“文德橋的欄桿—靠不住院”是什么意思?

因文德橋在每年的陰歷十一月十五子時，月正當頭，人立橋頭自顧無影，橋的東西水面各有一半牙兒的倒影，相傳古人在橋上爭看這一奇景，曾數(shù)次將橋欄桿擠塌，故有此說，現(xiàn)在這句歇后語形容好說大話，吹牛皮的人。

9、 為何何孔廟的門都叫“大成門”，大殿都叫“大成殿”

表示孔子是中國古代文化的集大成者。

10、 大成門內四塊碑的名稱，內容是什么?

a) 孔子問禮圖碑：記載孔子抱著興國安邦，濟世訪賢的愿望，從山東曲阜前往洛陽尋求鞏固魯國政權的辦法，圖上繪的是孔子跪在洛陽城門外，向坐在馬車上的老子請教。

b) 《集慶孔子廟碑》撰寫碑文的是元朝翰林院學士盧摯，內容是“詔以興學作士為王政”強調教育及培養(yǎng)人才是立國之本。

c) 《封四氏碑》：是元文宗加封孔子最有成就的弟子顏回、曾參、孔伋、孟軻為四亞圣，刻于1331年

d) 《封至圣夫人碑》是元文宗加封孔子夫人的碑，因孔子在元朝被封為大成至圣文宣王，所以加封孔子夫人為至圣夫人，刻于1331年。

11、 中國科舉制度始于何年，終于何年?始于隋朝，終于清末1905年。

12、 江南貢院是哪一級的考試場所?當時的號舍多少間?考試考幾場?每場考幾天?考試內容是什么?四書五經指的是那些內容?

明初前53年是鄉(xiāng)試、會試的場所，后是明清兩代江南鄉(xiāng)試的場所，號舍20644間?？既龍雒繄鋈旃簿盘??？荚噧热荩航滩挠小墩撜Z》《孟子》《書經》《詩經》《禮記》《左傳》等，考試科目：《書》(八股文)、《詩》(試帖詩)、《論》(經論)、《賦》(律賦)共四科，八股文是主要形式。四書：《大學》、《中庸》、《論語》、《孟子》;五經：詩、書、禮、易、春秋。

13、 江南貢院建于何年?科舉制度分為哪幾個等級?每個等級的稱呼是什么?

始建于南宋(1168年)，科舉制度分為童試、鄉(xiāng)試、會試、殿試四級。

14、 與夫子廟、秦淮河密切相關的文學作品有哪些?

泊秦淮 杜甫

煙籠寒水月籠沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。 商女不知亡國恨，隔江猶唱《后庭花》。

烏衣巷 劉禹錫 朱雀橋邊野草花，烏衣巷口夕陽斜，舊時王謝堂前燕，飛入尋常百姓家。以及朱自清和俞平伯的同名散文《槳聲燈影里的秦淮河》，

15、 簡單介紹孔尚任

字聘之，又字季重，號東塘，別號岸堂，自稱云亭山人，孔子六十四代孫，生于清世祖順治五年1648年，卒于清圣祖康熙五十七年1718年，享年71歲，戲曲作家，創(chuàng)作傳奇劇《桃花扇》。

16、 什么是國子監(jiān)?

即國立大學，他們除了教學授課，還編寫了世界上最早最大的一部白科全書《永樂大典》，國子監(jiān)的監(jiān)生最多時達9972名，還有許多外國留學生，畢業(yè)后分到六部實習，合格者留六部工作。

17、 王導、謝安為何人?

王導：東晉宰相，是東晉王朝的實際創(chuàng)立者，協(xié)助司馬睿建立了東晉政權，民間有“王與馬，共天下”的說法，既說明了王導為司馬睿的晉室定下了汗馬功勞，也點明了王家權勢之大。

謝安：40歲時由會稽赴建康接任宰相，在建康做了兩件大事，從而名垂青史：

(1) 阻止了桓溫的篡位活動。

(2) 指揮了淝水之戰(zhàn)(“東山再起”這一成語取之于此)

18、 南京曾有幾處孔廟?在哪里?

有三處：(1)在現(xiàn)市政府內。(2)在朝天宮內。(3)在現(xiàn)夫子廟

19、 坦腹東床、畫龍點睛、青梅竹馬的典故?

20、 秦淮小吃的特點?

選料講究、制作精細、咸甜適宜、美味可口的特點，融歷史、文化、烹飪、養(yǎng)生于一體。與上海城隍廟、蘇州玄妙觀、湖南長沙火宮殿并稱四大小吃群。

21、 秦淮分月的原因?

因文德橋的方位是正南北向，其走向與日晷上子午線方向一致，所以每年陰歷十一月十五子時，可見橋的東西水面各有一半月亮。

22、 為什么學宮都和孔廟相鄰?

為了表明儒學修身立國的正統(tǒng)地位。

23、 上江考棚和下江考棚為何意?

當時的江南省分安徽、江蘇、上海。安徽為上江，江蘇是下江，所以上江考棚和下江考棚是當時安徽省和江蘇省的考生進行鄉(xiāng)試前預考的地方。

24、 在科舉制度之前采取什么制度選拔官吏?西漢時是采用察舉舉制，東漢時是九屆中正制。

20、“八股文”中的“八股”是指?

破題、承接、起講、八手、起股、中股、后股、束股。

25、 秦淮八艷：陳圓圓、顧橫波、柳如是、馬湘蘭、卞玉京、李香君、寇白門、

董小宛。

26、 什么是雅樂

祭孔所用的音樂，是中國古代呂庭典禮儀式音樂，早在三千多年前就已經產生，傳說是周公親自編定，此后作為中國禮樂文化得以長期保存，歷代音樂家也對其作了許多變革，樂器則為傳統(tǒng)的古樂器編鐘和編磬為主，具有強烈的陶冶情操，凈化心靈之功能。

27、 門釘在古代建筑中有什么作用?

門釘除了座裝飾外，主要起著將門板和穿帶釘在一起的作用，在封建社會只有皇家建筑大門才裝飾門釘，最高等級是縱橫皆九。

28、 簡單介紹編鐘、編磬。

編鐘：中國古代重要的打擊樂器，是鐘的一種，由若干大小不同的鐘有次序地懸掛在木架上編成一組或幾組，每個鐘敲擊的音高各不相同。

編磬：中國最古老的民族打擊樂器，由懸掛在木架上的一組磬組成。

29、 秦淮河的源頭：溧水東廬山的溧水河和句容寶華山的句容河。

30、 四亞圣：顏回、曾參、孔伋、孟軻。

2、大成殿前的平臺古稱什么?是做什么用的?

答：稱為丹墀，俗稱露臺，高1. 4米，東西寬21.8米，南北長14.0米，四周圍以石欄，有云頭望柱24根，臺前兩角設有石燈籠。此露臺用作祭祀和歌舞。

5、大成殿中的屋脊鴟吻有什么特別之處?

答："屋脊鴟吻中有造型精美的"雙龍戲珠"立雕，這在國內同類建筑中屬首創(chuàng)之作。

6、大成殿內的"三寶"是哪三寶?

答：孔子畫像、雕像和孔子生平事跡壁畫。

7、殿中央陳列的孔子畫像有多高多寬?

答：殿中央陳列的孔子畫像高6.5米、寬3.5米，是目前國內最大的孔子畫像。

9、大成殿內四周墻壁懸掛的反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫，共有幾幅，名稱是什

么?

答：共38幅，稱為"孔子圣跡圖"。

10、大成殿內四周墻壁反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫有多大，里面共有多少人物?

答：每幅畫高2.5米，寬1.3米，畫中共有人物408位。

1、學宮主要有那幾個單體建筑?

答：有明德堂、尊經閣、敬一亭、崇圣祠和青云樓等。

2、學宮的正堂一般都叫做明倫堂，為何南京獨稱“明德堂”?

答：明倫堂取義教人明白倫理道德。當年文天祥北上抗金，路過南京時，剛好明德

堂復建完工，人們請文天祥題字，文天祥就寫成了“明德堂”，一直沿用至今。

3、明德堂后的尊經閣以前是什么地方，現(xiàn)在做什么?

答：以前是存放儒家典籍、教諭講課的講堂，現(xiàn)為民俗風情陳列館。

4、與尊經閣并排而立的是什么建筑?

答：分別是崇圣祠和青云樓。

5、崇圣祠是做什么的地方?

答：崇圣祠原為祀孔子父母的地方，現(xiàn)為梨園。

6、尊經閣后的衛(wèi)山上的亭子叫什么?天下文廟皆該亭始于何時?

答：敬一亭，天下文廟皆有敬一亭始于明嘉靖時。

7、南方孔廟的屋面與北方孔廟的屋面有什么區(qū)別?

答：南方孔廟的屋面覆蓋青色小瓦所體現(xiàn)的輕秀之勢，與北方孔廟屋面采用黃色琉

璃瓦的富麗恢宏之勢明顯不一樣，更顯隨和、入俗之意，這亦是南京夫子廟更接近

俗文化的表現(xiàn)之一。

8、夫子廟水上游旅游線路稱什么?

答：夜泊秦淮。

9、學宮的門匾“東南第一學”是由誰題寫的?

答：由清末狀元秦大士所題寫。

10、科舉時代秀才一般每逢什么日子到學宮來聽講?

答：每月逢舊歷初一和十五都要到這里來聽訓導和宣講。

第三篇：南京夫子廟導游詞英語

Hello, everyone! Today we are going to visit the Confucius Temple on the Bank of Qinhuai River. Speaking of Confucius Temple, we have to talk about Qinhuai River, the mother river of Nanjing people. Qinhuai River, also known as huaishui, Xiaojiang and longzangpu, is the ancient origin of Nanjing culture. It enters the city from dongshuiguan and leaves the city from xishuiguan. It flows through the section about ten li in front of the Confucius Temple, so it is called "ten li Qinhuai". From ancient times to the present, both sides of the Qinhuai River are a prosperous scene. Du Mu's poem in the Tang Dynasty says: "smoke cage, cold water cage, sand cage, Night Mooring Qinhuai near the restaurant. Business women do not know the hatred of national subjugation, but they still sing "the flowers in the back court" across the river. After liberation, with the vigorous construction of Nanjing municipal government, today's ten mile Qinhuai River has become a national 5A scenic spot showing the unique style of Jiangnan.

The Confucius Temple consists of Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the imperial court built the Academy here; in the Song Dynasty, the Confucius Temple was expanded on the former site of the Academy; in the Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial examination hall Gongyuan was opened. However, the Confucius Temple was destroyed and built five times in history. The last one was destroyed in 1937 by the Japanese invaders. Today's Confucius Temple was rebuilt after 1984.

Temple Square (2 minutes)

Dear tourists, now we come to the square in front of the Confucius Temple. The integration of temple and market is one of the most remarkable characteristics of Confucius Temple. The square is a temple in the vertical direction and a city in the horizontal direction. The temple and market are integrated into a unique atmosphere. The red wall behind you is called Zhaobi, which has the functions of shielding, avoiding evil spirits and decoration. It is 110 meters long and is the largest in China. The semicircular pool in front of Zhaobi is called panchi. In ancient times, the place where the emperor lectured was called Biyong, the school palace where the princes lectured was called panchi, and the school palace of Confucius Temple was equivalent to the place where the princes lectured. Therefore, this pool is called panchi. The bridge on the west side of panchi is called Wende bridge, which is named for the Confucian advocating the moral of writing. Because the direction of the bridge is consistent with the meridian, it is cultivated every year Around the 15th day of November, the reflection of the bright moon in the sky will be divided into two parts by the shadow of the bridge. This spectacle is called "Wende dividing the moon". There is a star gathering Pavilion on the west side of Wende Bridge Square, which means "stars gather, talents gather". Facing this large archway, it is the "world Wenshu archway". The shape is four pillars and three doors, which means that it is the center of world culture. There is Kuixing Pavilion on the south side of the archway. In ancient times, it was said that Kuixing was a sign of prosperity of literature and also a symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by students of all ages. In the north of the square is the Lingxing gate. It is said that the Lingxing gate is the cultural star in the sky and the star cluster in charge of education. The reason for its name is that it means that the scholars of the world gather here.

Dachengmen, terrace (1 minute)

Dacheng gate is the main gate of Dacheng hall and the main gate of Confucius Temple. In the ancient feudal hierarchy, only officials could go in and out from Dacheng gate, while ordinary scholars could only go in and out from the side gate. Two big characters, Li and Ren, are engraved on the walls on both sides behind the door, which are the core of Confucius' thought and his lifelong goal. Behind the Dacheng gate and in front of the Dacheng hall, there is a corridor. On both sides of the corridor, there are eight of the twelve students of Confucius. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duanmu Ci, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan Yan and Zhong you. At the end of the corridor is a terrace, which is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters long from east to west, and 14 meters wide from north to south. It is surrounded by stone railings. In front of the terrace are two dragon play pearls and Danbi stones, and on both sides are stone lamps. The terrace is a place for sacrifice, singing and dancing. In the middle of the terrace is a bronze statue of Confucius. In front of the bronze statue is an iron censer, engraved with the title of "supreme saint and forerunner". With a height of 4.18 meters and a weight of 2.37 tons, the bronze statue is the largest one in the Confucian temples in China. On both sides of the terrace, there used to be two verandahs, which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages of Confucius and to store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now they are reduced to small two verandahs and changed into stele corridors. There are more than 30 steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi for tourists to enjoy.

Dacheng Hall (2 minutes)

Dacheng hall is the landmark of Confucius Temple, 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. The words "Dacheng hall" are written on the sea blue vertical plaque under the front eaves. There is a standing sculpture of two dragons playing with pearls on the roof of Dacheng hall, which is the first of its kind in China. The light and beautiful style of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from that of the northern Confucius Temple with yellow glazed tiles. It is more easygoing and popular, which is one of the manifestations of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to folk culture. In the center of the hall, there is the largest portrait of Confucius in China. On the top of the portrait are three plaques, all of which are written by emperors of past dynasties. They are "model of the world" by Kangxi, "with heaven and earth" by Qianlong, and "Si Wen Zai Zi" by Guangxu. In front of the portrait stand four students of Confucius, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front of the portrait are ancient musical instruments such as Qin, guzheng and drum. On the walls around, there are 38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life and deeds, which are "the picture of Confucius' miracles", carved by 200 craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province, using famous jade, chicken blood jelly, Shoushan stone, gold, jewelry and other precious ornaments from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. The total investment is 5.8 million yuan, and the current value is more than 100 million yuan The 38 murals are: the picture of the holy trace, the preface of the title, the prayer of Nishan, the book of Qilin jade, the two dragons and five elders, etc.

Inscriptions (1 minute)

From Dacheng hall, the ancient well on the right is Yutu spring. According to records, Yutu spring was discovered and excavated by Qin Hui. Beside the spring stands the stele of raising money for imperial examinations, which records the history of Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang's donation of examinees' fees to Beijing in the period of Liangjiang governor. On the other side, there are four steles, the most famous of which is the stele of Confucius asking for rites, which was carved in the Southern Dynasty. It records the story of Confucius seeking for rites from Laozi in Luoyang, the city where the emperor lived from the state of Lu to the state of Zhou, when slavery was about to collapse at the end of the spring and Autumn period. In addition, it is the only three steles in Nanjing, namely, the stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple and the stele of fengzhishengfu The stele of man and the stele of FengSi.

A school: school gate (30 seconds), Mingde Hall (1 minute 30 seconds), Zunjing Pavilion and its surroundings (1 minute)

The academy is located in the rear of Dacheng hall. It is inscribed on the lintel of the gate in the south by Zeng Guofan, and on the lintel of the gate in the north by Qin Dashi, the number one scholar in the southeast. Entering the gate of the Academy, you can see a bell and a drum standing in the two pavilions on the left and right. On the forehead of the pavilions are the words "Xi Li" and "Yang Sheng", which were used by scholars to worship Confucius in ancient times.

Facing the gate of the school is Mingde hall, whose name is inscribed by Wen Tianxiang. Mingde hall is the place where students gather. After the pilgrimage every month, students gather here to teach their tutors to preach the holy doctrine and the imperial edict, so as to cultivate their loyalty and patriotism. Ming De Tang was originally named "Ming Lun Tang". When the yuan army was about to conquer Nanjing, Wen Tianxiang changed "Ming Lun Tang" to "Ming De Tang" by hand in order to show his determination to die rather than surrender and his ambition to serve the country and the people.

The Zunjing Pavilion behind Mingde hall is three stories high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It was a lecture hall where Confucian classics were stored and lectures were given. Now it is a museum of folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. Chongsheng temple was originally dedicated to Confucius' ancestors, but now it is pear garden. Qingyun building was changed into a library in the Qing Dynasty. Zunjing academy is a place for lectures, which is equivalent to the present classroom. The small highland behind Zunjing Pavilion is called Weishan, with Jingyi pavilion built. The so-called "Jingyi" is the devotion to Confucianism.

Other (1 minute)

Ladies and gentlemen, the Confucius Temple is prosperous during the day, and the Confucius Temple at night is even more colorful! As early as the northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Jinling Lantern Festival on the Qinhuai River, and it reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. The Qinhuai River in the sound of oars and lights is unique in the world. Today's Confucius Temple follows the Huizhou architectural style of "blue brick, small tile, horse head wall, cloister with falling flowers and windows". When tourists come here, they can not only appreciate the traditional culture, but also taste the unique Qinhuai snacks, explore the legend of Qinhuai Bayan, enjoy the scenery on both sides of the Strait by Qinhuai boat, or explore the traces of celebrities such as Wuyi lane, former residence of Wang Dao xie'an and former residence of Li Xiangjun. This is the end of my explanation. Thank you!

B Gongyuan front street, Mingyuan building (1 minute 30 seconds)

Now we come to the front street of Gongyuan. There are six statues standing in the street. They are all talented people from all dynasties. They are Tang Yin, Wu Chengen, Zheng Banqiao, Wu Jingzi, Lin Zexu and Zhang Jian. On the east side of the sculpture, there are 11 stone tablets, which record the rise and fall of the Gongyuan, as well as the praise, evaluation and chanting of emperors, ministers and celebrities. In front of the front street is the Gongyuan, on which there are couplets inscribed by Li Yu. It was built in the Southern Song Dynasty and is specially used for holding imperial examinations. At first, the number of examinees was small and the scale was not large. It was only used for the examination of government and county schools. When the number of examinees increased, it even needed to borrow temples as temporary examination rooms. In the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the Gongyuan was rebuilt. Later, the scale of Nanjing Gongyuan continued to expand. When it was officially named "Jiangnan Gongyuan" in the Qing Dynasty, it reached an unprecedented trend, starting from yaojiaxiang in the East, In the west, there are more than 20000 houses, bordering on the Qinhuai River in the South and Jiankang road in the north. After the Republic of China, Gongyuan was neglected. Until today, only Mingyuan building has been preserved as a historical relic. Mingyuan building was used for warning and giving orders in the past imperial examinations. In the arch on the first floor, there are stone tablets of Ming, Qing and Republic of China, which record the rise and fall of Jiangnan Gongyuan in detail and effectively preserve the scene of imperial examination hall in feudal times. In the 1980s, the relevant departments established "Jiangnan Gongyuan exhibition hall" here.

Dormitory (1 minute)

Now more than 40 houses have been restored in Gongyuan. In the order of thousand characters, the houses are 6 feet high, 4 feet deep and 3 feet wide, with an area of no more than 1.5 square meters. There are only two boards on display. Examinees have to stay in it for 9 days and have three exams. Eating, drinking and sleeping are all here. During the day, they answer questions on the chopping board, and at night, they close their clothes and sleep on the chopping board. We can imagine the hardships of the examination in those years. In the west side of Gongyuan, wax figures were used to show the examinees' attitudes. In the east side was the tourist experience area. Interested friends can experience it.

To court (1 minute 30 seconds)

The imperial examination began in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and ended in the late Qing Dynasty, which lasted for 1300 years. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it gradually formed four levels of examination, namely, children's examination, rural examination, general examination and palace examination. The "Zhigong hall" you can see in front of you used to be the public land run by the examiners. The word "Zhigong" means "fair, just and equal". Now it is the imperial examination exhibition room, which is divided into three exhibition halls: East, West and East. In the middle of the exhibition hall is the imperial examination culture exhibition room, in which there is a sculpture of Kuixing's fighting and monopolizing the first place. The horizontal shape next to it shows the situation of No It's often spectacular. The pictures and materials on the walls around introduce the origin and development of China's imperial examination system. The number one scholar hall on the east side displays a list of the number one scholar in China. On the west side is the hall of fame, which displays celebrities related to Jiangnan Gongyuan, as well as some pictures and materials related to the imperial examination.

This concludes the explanation of Confucius Temple. Thank you!

第四篇：南京導游詞夫子廟a

夫子廟a

各位游客，大家好，歡迎來到美麗的古都南京，我是來自**旅行社的導游，***，大家可以叫我小*，在我身邊的便是司機王師傅，有王師傅在，大家可以放心、安心、開心的隨我游覽。最后希望大家有一段愉快的旅程，我們今天要去游覽的是位于秦淮河畔的夫子廟。

秦淮河古名淮水，又名龍藏浦，是南京的母親河，是古老的南京文化發(fā)源之地。素有[六朝金粉地，，十里秦淮河"的美譽。自六朝至明清，十里秦淮的繁華景象和特有的風貌，曾被歷代文人所謳歌。

今天我們所要參觀的夫子廟，也叫文廟，是供奉和祀俸孔子的廟宇，也是學宮所在地，南京共有三處文廟，另兩座分別在南京市**大院內和朝天宮。位于南京市*大院內的文廟，清初為*寧府學，*時期為國民*考試院所在地。朝天宮是現(xiàn)南京市博物館所在地。夫子廟始建于宋景祐元年(1034年)，是在東晉學宮的舊址上擴建而成的。元為集慶路學，明為應天府學，清為*寧、上元兩縣縣學，咸豐年間毀于兵火，同治八年(1869年)重建。*戰(zhàn)爭時被日*焚毀。現(xiàn)夫子廟是1986年重建，是廟，市，街，景合一的旅游景點。 孔廟最顯著的特點之一是廟市合一，孔廟的另一特點是廟附于學，南京夫子廟是前廟后學的布局，以大成殿為中心的南北中軸線組成的孔廟和學宮，與東側以明遠樓為主體建筑的*南貢院組成了三大文教古建筑群。2010年4月，南京夫子廟--秦淮風光帶被國家旅游局評為5a級景區(qū)。

現(xiàn)在我們來到了秦淮河畔，也就是夫子廟前的廣場，請大家向南看，正南面朱紅*石磚墻，便是夫子廟前的照壁。照壁建于明萬歷三年(公元1575年)，全長110米，氣勢磅礴，為全國照壁之最?，F(xiàn)照壁是1984年重新修復。照壁的北面的半月形水池就是泮池，意為[泮宮之池"，這個泮池是利用秦淮河的天然河道而形成的。因為周代天子太學有學宮稱[辟雍"，四周環(huán)水，諸侯只能南面環(huán)水，所以稱之為[泮宮"。 孔子曾受封文宣王，所以泮池成為夫子廟前的規(guī)制。另一種說法是魯國學宮設于泮水之畔，以后相沿成習。泮池北岸的石欄是夫子廟真正的古董，為明正德九年所建。

大家看，泮池的西側的這座橋叫文德橋，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名，但文德橋真正出名卻是因為文德橋半月邊的奇景，每年的農歷11月15日子時，站在橋上，身后無影，伸頭半尺在橋的東西各可看見半個月亮，這就是[文德分月"，俗稱[龍?zhí)ь^"。據說每年此時橋上賞月的人不計其數(shù)，以致將橋欄桿擠塌，幾經修葺，在清朝的時候建成了石橋。現(xiàn)為三跨鋼筋水泥橋。

在廣場的東側的樓*式建筑，叫做魁星*，是過去作為參加[科舉考試"奪魁的占首的象征。廣場正中，泮池的北面的這座鋼筋水泥仿古牌坊，叫[天下文樞坊"。 坊額青底黑字[天下文樞"，意為孔子是天下文章道德的中樞，是進入孔廟的標志。在廣場的西側的那座六角亭，是聚星亭，取[群星畢集，人才薈萃"之意。正對天下文樞坊的是欞星門(儀門)，這是孔廟的廟門。門是石結構，六柱三門，是一座沖天式牌坊，又稱華表坊。

走過欞星門，便是孔廟的正門，叫大成門。因為孔子對*文化做了集大成的貢獻，追封大成至圣先師，所以稱其為大成門。[大成門"三字是姬鵬飛題寫

的。大成門有一塊臥碑，上面寫著[南京夫子廟"(趙樸初)，起影壁作用。大成門內是中心廟院，兩側有碑廊，中間有一條甬道，直通大成殿額露臺。甬道的兩側立著孔子的十二位門生中的八位門生的石像。兩側的碑廊中珍藏有趙樸初，林散之等三十人的墨寶鐫刻的三十塊碑。

甬道的盡頭便是露臺，是古時祭祀孔子時舉行樂舞的地方，高1。4米，東西長21。8米，南北寬14米，四周有云頭望柱24根，臺前兩側設有兩只石燈籠。露臺的*立著孔子青銅雕像，高4。18米，重2。37噸，是全國最高的孔子青銅雕像。

露臺的盡頭，就是夫子廟的主殿----大成殿。高16。22米，寬27。3米，進深27。9米，是重檐歇山仿古建筑。正面屋檐下海藍*豎扁上有[大成殿"三字，喻孔子集大成之意。屋脊鴟吻是造型精美的[雙龍戲珠"立雕，是同類建筑中為首創(chuàng)之作，屋面覆蓋青*小瓦，所體現(xiàn)的清秀之勢，更顯隨和，入俗之意，是南京夫子廟更接近民俗的文化的表現(xiàn)之一。殿*陳列有高6。5米，寬3。5米，國內最大的孔子畫像，是畫家王宏喜費時一年參照唐吳道子所畫的孔子像畫成的。畫像前側還有孔子十二門生中另四位，即顏回、曾參、孟軻、孔汲(四亞圣)的塑像。在這還陳列有一些古代樂器。四周圍還懸掛了38副反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫，稱為孔子圣跡圖。耗時三年，由200名匠師集各地的材料完成。畫面采用*古典全景式，描述孔子一生的事跡。表現(xiàn)孔子萬世師表的光輝形象。

穿過了大成殿，殿外有復原的宋*鑿的古井---[玉兔泉"， 據記載，是由秦檜發(fā)現(xiàn)并挖掘的。井畔立有一塊，記錄兩*總督李鴻章，左宗棠捐*生進京會試的費用的一段歷史。另一側還有四塊古碑，一是，刻于南朝，圖上刻的是兩個人乘轎，眾人在城門前拱手歡迎的場景。記錄的是孔子在魯昭公二十四年由曲阜去洛陽考察的典章制度，尋求治國之發(fā)的事跡。二是，此碑刻于元順年，在清咸豐毀于戰(zhàn)火，1986年夫子廟重修時在大成殿西側挖出來。左三和左四分別為封至圣夫人碑和封四氏碑，均刻于元至順二年(1331年)，各為南京僅存的三元碑之一。

孔廟的后面便是夫子廟的學宮。是本州府最高的學堂，門楣上方原來有[學宮"匾額，明初時，這里曾為大明國子監(jiān)的所在地，所以門額上懸掛了[大明國子學"的牌匾，這是由曾國藩題寫的。門外柏木牌坊，牌坊上題有[東南第一學"，是由清代乾隆年間文武雙科狀元秦大士所題寫的。院內有兩塊臥碑，[學而不厭"、[誨人不倦"，由宋代大家朱熹所題。

后面便是明德堂，是學宮的正堂，是在南宋紹興九年的舊基上重建的，是張懸科舉考試題名榜的地方。一般夫子廟的學宮正堂都叫明倫堂，而南京的卻叫明德堂，這是為什么呢?原來是在南宋時期，南宋右丞相文天祥北上抗元，路過南京，剛好明德堂復建完工，人們請他題字，文天祥寫成明德堂，并一直沿用至今。在夫子廟，明德堂是唯一未被破壞的古跡?，F(xiàn)在的明德堂已經改名為[雅樂堂"，是演奏雅樂的地方。明德堂前有兩塊學宮碑，東為明代學宮碑，西為清代學宮碑，以便游客了解古時學宮規(guī)則。

在學宮的院內有兩座亭，習禮亭和仰圣亭，習禮亭中擺放的是禮運鐘，鐘名是由孔子七十七代嫡孫女孔德懋題寫，仰圣亭中擺放的是圣音鼓，鼓名也是由孔德懋題寫的。

在明德堂的后面的那座三楹三層仿古建筑便是尊經*，尊經*三個字由著名的書法家蕭嫻所寫，建于明嘉靖年間，原為上下兩層各五間，上層寄藏

等儒家經典書籍，下層是教授講授功課的地方。原尊經*已毀，現(xiàn)在的是1988年新建的?，F(xiàn)已開辟為[夫子廟民間藝術大觀園"，里面展出了南京云錦、金箔、秦淮燈*等南京當?shù)孛耖g工藝。尊經*周圍還有青云樓，崇圣祠，敬一亭等。

各位游客，白天的夫子廟熱鬧非凡。夜晚，燈船往來，宛若火龍，一片繁榮景象。泛舟在古*古香的沿河建筑中，給人以美的享受。秦淮河兩岸的民居沿襲了[粉墻黛瓦，高低錯落"，[青磚小瓦馬頭墻，回廊掛落花格窗"的徽派式建筑風格。在這里游覽還可以品味到獨具風味的秦淮風味小吃八絕；還可以去探尋秦淮八艷的傳奇故事；另外還有吳敬梓故居，王謝古屋，烏衣巷、媚香樓、桃葉渡等著名景觀等著大家去游覽。此外夫子廟還是每年一度的[金陵燈會"的場所，每逢新春佳節(jié)，舉辦的元宵燈會，更是金陵一絕。

我的講解到此結束，謝謝!

第五篇：關于江蘇夫子廟的導游詞

各位朋友，大家好!歡迎光臨南京夫子廟。夫子廟地處城南秦淮河畔，地理位置優(yōu)越，交通十分方便，是南京人引以為自豪的歷史遺跡和旅游景點，是新興的文化、商業(yè)、游覽中心和廟市合一的繁華之地。

夫子廟，又叫孔廟、文廟，是祭祀我國著名的大教育家、思想家孔子的地方?？鬃釉诠糯蝗藗冏鸱Q為孔夫子，故其廟宇俗稱“夫子廟”。由于儒學的正統(tǒng)地位，它的創(chuàng)始人孔子備受封建社會歷朝歷代的統(tǒng)治者和士子們的尊崇，祀奉他的孔廟遍布全國各地，有的地方還不只一個。夫子廟作為封建士子崇拜的場所，大多與教育設施(如學宮、貢院等)布置在一起，即所謂的廟附于學，一般是在學宮的前面或一側。

歷史上，南京城區(qū)的夫子廟曾有三處，一處在今市政府大院內，另一處在朝天宮?，F(xiàn)在我們要參觀、游覽的，是第三處，也是最有名氣的一處。它是宋景佑元年(1034年)從朝天宮遷來的，初為建康府學，元為集慶路學，明初為國學，后為應天府學，清遷出府學，改為江寧、上元兩縣學。咸豐年間毀于兵火，同治年間(1869年)重建，抗戰(zhàn)中為日軍焚毀?，F(xiàn)存夫子廟為80年代初重建。它采用前廟后學，孔廟在前，學宮在后，后來設立的貢院被布置在學宮的左側。因此，南京夫子廟比較完整的格局包括三部分，即孔廟、學宮、貢院。以大成殿為中心的南北中軸線及兩側的主要建筑和以明遠樓為中心的江南貢院陳列館成為夫子廟地區(qū)最主要的旅游觀光點。

夫子廟地區(qū)由于悠久的歷史、方便的水上交通，使其在夫子廟出現(xiàn)之前，就已成為古代南京比較有名的“佳麗地”和名士聚居地，因此除了以上所述主要景點外，還有吳敬梓故居、古桃葉渡、萃苑、百年老店一條街、文德橋、王謝故居、烏衣巷、媚香樓等景點。

現(xiàn)在我們已站在夫子廟中軸線的起點部分—夫子廟廣場。環(huán)顧四周，南有泮池、照壁、木坊，東西兩側有聚星亭、魁光閣及商業(yè)區(qū)，北有中軸線上主要建筑大成殿和分布于孔廟東西兩側的東、西二市，形成了夫子廟地區(qū)區(qū)別于其他城市孔廟的獨特氛圍，即歷史上形成的廟市合一的格局。

請看廣場前的這一條河，它叫秦淮河，是南京人民的母親河，全長110公里，孕育了早期的南京文明。流經廣場的這一段是內秦淮河的一部分，建廟時被改造為泮池，因曲阜孔廟泮水流過而得名。南岸的一堵紅墻，是建于明萬歷(1575年)年間的大照壁，長達110米，氣勢磅礴，為全國照壁之最。照壁起遮蔽和裝飾作用，是整個夫子廟建筑群的開始。泮池北岸石欄則為明正德(1514年)年間所建，是歷經了滄桑變遷之后，成為夫子廟建筑群中唯一保存最好的古代建筑小品，抗戰(zhàn)前曾加以修整。游人至此，憑欄小憩，觀覽秦淮秀色，心曠神怡。

泮池西側的文德橋現(xiàn)為漢白玉橋。因儒家提倡文章道德而得名。因為橋向與子午線方向一致，所以每逢農歷11月15日子時左右，皓月當空，憑欄俯視，在橋的兩邊分別可看到橋影將河中明月分成兩個半月，被稱為“文德分月”。吳敬梓在《儒林外史》一書中就有記述，如果您有機會的話，不妨在農歷11月15日來文德橋邊看一看。

文德橋南烏衣巷口的一組徽派建筑群，為“王謝古居”。作為東晉豪族王謝兩大家族聚居區(qū)，影響比較大，尤其是唐劉禹錫名作《烏衣巷》的詩句，使烏衣巷、王謝舊居變得非常有名，現(xiàn)為“南京六朝歷史文化陳列館。”大家有時間可以進去參觀參觀。

現(xiàn)在我們看石欄北側是新復建的天下文樞坊，表明此處為天下文化中心。三門四柱，頗為壯觀。在古代，它與后面的欞星門對應，用于帝王出巡朝圣祀孔，中間高門坊是皇帝幸臨的御道，左右供郡親王出入，一般的官員臣民不能通行，因而平時都用木柵欄封閉起來。

廟前廣場西側的聚星亭，六角飛檐、古樸大方，外表看雙重飛檐翹角，貌似兩層結構，其實只有一層，亭名取群星聚集、人才薈萃之意。再請看東邊，臨水而立的小院子是魁光閣，閣內的魁星亭，三層六面，下臨秦淮，景致獨特。古有“奎主文章”之說?？羌纯?，是文運興旺之兆，是科舉時考試奪魁的象征，因而魁星被歷代學子奉為神靈?？忾w與聚星亭東西犄角相望，互為呼應，融為一體。

廟前廣場北面的石砌坊門，是孔廟第一道大門—欞星門，六柱三門，古樸優(yōu)美，中間橫楣刻有篆文“欞星門”。欞星是古代天文學中的“文星”，取名之由是要表示天下文人學士集學于此的意思。三門之間鑲嵌有牡丹圖案的磚刻浮雕，精雕細琢，美侖美奐。石柱頂端皆用云板，即華表之意，作為一種標志。此乃皇帝祭孔的儀門。

走過欞星門，我們就來到大成殿的大成門前。

大成門，又稱戟門，是夫子廟的正大門，兩旁為持敬門。封建時代只有官員可以由大成門出入，一般士子只能從旁門進出。進入門內，左右分別樹有四塊古碑：東邊有元至順二年(1331年)的《封至圣夫人碑》和(封四氏碑)，西邊有公元1330年的殘碑《集慶孔子廟碑》和由市政府遷來的甫齊永明二年(484年)的《孔于問禮圖碑》。以《孔子問禮圖碑》為著。

院落甬道兩旁排列了孔子十二門生中的八位，即閔損、冉耕、冉求、端木賜、冉雍、宰予、言偃和仲由，均由漢白玉雕刻而成，狀甚虔誠，栩栩如生。

向前看，大成殿前的平臺為丹墀，俗稱露臺，高1.4米，東西寬21.8米，南北長“14.0米，四周圍以石欄，有云頭望柱24根，臺前兩角設有石燈籠。此露臺用作祭祀和歌舞。露臺中央的孔于雕像格外引入注目，青銅質地，達4.18米，重乙37噸，做工精細，維妙維肖，體態(tài)豐盈，面部慈祥、深沉，眉宇間透露出偉大思想家特有的睿智，給人留下非常深刻的印象。露臺兩旁原是兩廡，是供奉孔門七十二賢人牌位和存放祭祀、儀禮、佾舞用具的處所?，F(xiàn)縮為小兩廡，改為碑廊，陳列有趙樸初、林散之、武中奇等著名書法家墨跡的碑石30余塊，供游人欣賞。

露臺盡頭即為巍峨莊嚴的夫子廟主殿—大成殿，高16.22米，寬27.3米，進深27.9米，是重槽歇山頂?shù)姆鹿沤ㄖＵ嫖蓍芟潞Ｋ{色豎匾，上書“大成殿”?？鬃訛椤按蟪芍潦ハ葞煛?，“大成”當指孔子?！按蟪伞币辉~，源出《札記.學記》，是學習的最高境界。又見于《孟子.萬章》?！翱鬃?，圣之時者也?？鬃又^集大成?！蔽菁锅|吻中有造型精美的“雙龍戲珠”立雕，這在國內同類建筑中屬首創(chuàng)之作;屋面覆蓋青色小瓦所體現(xiàn)的輕秀之勢，與北方孔廟屋面采用黃色琉璃瓦的富麗恢宏之勢明顯不一樣，更顯隨和、入俗之意，這亦是南京夫子廟更接近俗文化的表現(xiàn)之一，亦或稱之為“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”吧。整座建筑重檐飛翹，斗拱交錯，氣勢雄偉;殿堂七楹，殿廊環(huán)立26根仿木圓柱;前后花格長門16扇，內殿藻井枋檁，素雅肅穆。殿中央陳列有高6.5米、寬3.5米的國內最大的孔子畫像，畫像前二側還有12位門生中的另4位，即孟子，孔汲，曾參、顏回，前面還陳列有柷、琴、臥箜篌，編磬，編鐘、古箏、鼓等古代樂器。

四周墻壁懸掛了38幅反映孔子生平事跡的鑲嵌壁畫，稱為“孔子圣跡圖”，是由浙江樂清2OO匠師采用取自浙江、福建，內蒙古、遼寧、青海、廣西、廣東等省(區(qū))的內玉石，雞血凍、壽山石，翡翠綠、周村凍等石中名晶及黃金、珠寶、羅鈿等貴重的珠寶飾件，耗3年之功雕成，總投資580萬元人民幣。畫面采用中國古典全景式構圖方式，輔以考證有據的細部描述，做工精細，色澤自然，富有立體感，給人以逼真神奇之感。每幅面高2.5米，寬1.3米，畫中有人物408位，造型面目自然、栩栩如生。38幅壁畫分別是圣跡之圖、題首前言、尼山致禱、麒麟玉書、二龍五老、鈞天降圣、俎豆學禮、職司委吏、命名榮貺、職司乘田、問禮老聃、在齊聞韶、晏嬰沮封、退修詩書、夾谷會齊、歸田謝過、誅少正卯;女樂文馬、因膰去魯?？锶私鈬３蟠瓮囍?，丑次同車之二、宋人伐木、楛矢貫隼、適衛(wèi)擊磬、學琴師襄、西河返駕、靈公問陳、子路問津、在陳絕糧、子西沮封、作歌丘陵，杏壇禮樂、跪受赤虹、西狩獲麟、夢奠兩楹、治任別歸、漢高祀魯。體現(xiàn)了孔子“萬世師表”的光輝典范形象，這恰如殿中對聯(lián)所寫“氣備四時興天地鬼神日月合其德;教垂萬世繼堯舜禹湯文武作之師“。真乃謂“德侔天地道貫古今，刪述六經垂憲萬世”。

由大成殿東廡北門出，經東市即進入學宮區(qū)。

東市和西市是由原來進出學宮的東、西甬道改成，用作秦淮河上往返船只經銷商品的場所，現(xiàn)已成為夫子廟地區(qū)最具特色的工藝美術晶、文化用品銷售場所和文化活動場所。

學宮是封建時代培養(yǎng)人才的場所，有不同層次，如縣學、府學(路學、州學等)和國學，都與孔廟毗鄰，以示儒學立國，修身的正統(tǒng)地位。學宮包括明德堂、尊經閣、敬一亭、崇圣祠和青云樓等單體建筑。走進學宮大門，就是古風盎然的明德堂，是士子們每月朔、望日朝圣(即孔子)之后，集中聽訓導師宣講圣教和上諭(倫理和政府法令)的場所，以培養(yǎng)學子們忠君愛國的思想。對于明德堂的名稱，可能有的游客要問，各地夫子廟建筑群中只有“明倫堂”，何以南京夫子廟例外，叫作“明德堂”?確實，南京夫子廟內，明德堂原來也稱“明倫堂”，只是當年元軍即將攻克南京之時，身陷囹圄的民族英雄南宋宰相文天祥，為了表明他寧死不屈的決心，親自手書，改“明倫堂”為“明德堂”以明效忠國家、報效民眾之志氣，故保留至今。明德堂后的尊經閣，始建于明朝中期，高三層，18.7米，重檐丁字脊歇山頂，氣象非凡，是當年存放儒家典籍、教諭講課的講堂，現(xiàn)為民俗風情陳列館。與尊經閣并排而立的是崇圣祠和青云樓，尊經書院分置尊經閣后兩邊。崇圣祠祀孔子父母，現(xiàn)為梨園;青云樓清時改為圖書館;尊經書院為講課之所，相當于現(xiàn)在的教室。尊經閣后小高地，叫衛(wèi)山，建有敬一亭，天下文廟皆有敬一亭始于明嘉靖時，亭內立皇帝御題的“敬一箴”，作為生員士子的座右銘。所謂“敬一”就是對孔學的敬業(yè)之意。

游完學宮，向東過貢院西街走數(shù)十米，就是江南貢院。利用這一段時間，我給大家介紹一下夫子廟的其他情況。夫子廟地區(qū)除了夫子廟自身建筑之外，還有更為引人注目的民風民俗、特色市場和風味小吃。

其一，南京人向有過燈節(jié)的習俗，六朝時期佛興燈旺，作為帝王之都的南京，每至元宵節(jié)，燈火滿市井，為全國之冠。明朝時放燈時間延長，正月初八為上燈節(jié)。十八日為落燈節(jié)，是我國歷史上為時最長的燈節(jié)，那時南京人幾乎“家家走橋，人人看燈”，由此，延至清代以及近代，南京燈節(jié)都極為隆重，以夫子廟地區(qū)為最盛。建國以后，夫子廟燈會在政府的支持和組織下，每年的正月，夫子廟的大街小巷、店堂鋪面、河房屋頂都掛滿了各式各樣的彩燈，前來觀賞的人群絡繹不絕，熙熙攘攘，煞是壯觀，其規(guī)模之大、延續(xù)時間之長、燈彩式樣之多，在全國同類燈會中均名列前茅。

其二，夫子廟除了它的文化特色外，其商業(yè)文化也比較發(fā)達，首先是夫子廟建筑群兩側的東、西二市就以其豐富的工藝美術晶、古玩、字畫及其他文化用品交易而顯示出文化的商業(yè)性價值，其次在夫子廟還有小商品市場、花鳥蟲魚市場和古玩、珍藏品交易市場，體現(xiàn)了南京人的一種閑適心態(tài)和文化品位。夫子廟已成為現(xiàn)代商品云集的商業(yè)中心區(qū)之一。

其三，夫子廟還是南京四時茶食的發(fā)源地,隨著各種節(jié)令的更替和食俗的形成，夫子廟秦淮小吃因時更新，各種茶食店鋪，攤販小吃，應有盡有，成為我國東南地區(qū)歷史最久、最獨具特色的飲食文化旅游區(qū)。從泮池文德橋至文源橋方圓百米左右的市面，風味飲食店就有數(shù)十家之多。可謂咸甜葷素風味迥異;東西南北各有千秋。最著名的店面有百年老店永和園、六鳳居、老正興、奇芳閣、蔣有記等，風味名點和小吃有數(shù)百種，極大地強化了夫子廟的區(qū)域性特征。

好，我們已到了始建于1168年的江南貢院遺址。江南貢院是專門用來考試的場所，起初規(guī)模并不大，只供府、縣學考試之用。明初鄉(xiāng)試、會試集中在此舉行。后貢院規(guī)模擴大，待到清朝，正式定名為江南貢院，已經是規(guī)?？涨?，形成東起姚家巷，西至學宮、孔廟，南臨秦淮河，北抵建康路的方形整體，其號舍達兩萬多個，在當時全國貢院中首屈一指。民國之后，貢院冷落，只有明遠樓等，作為歷史文物被保留下來。

我們現(xiàn)在看到的明遠樓，上下三層，四四方方，飛檐出甍，面面皆窗，它本是貢院舉行考試期間用來警戒和發(fā)號施令之所。如今樓下拱門內保留的明、清和民國年間的石碑，詳盡記載了江南貢院的盛衰歷史。為有效地保存封建時代科舉考場的情景，80年代中期，有關部門在此建立了“江南貢院陳列館”，復建了以“千字文”命名的部分號舍，陳列了神態(tài)各異的應試學子的塑像，供人們參觀。同時，游人們還可以親自體會一下“金榜題名”的古趣。各位朋友，您不想試一試?

游罷夫子廟的主要觀光點，我們大概可以把夫子廟的特點歸納為以下兩點。

第一，夫子廟是一個廟市合一的活動場所，這是其最大特色，而其他城市的孔廟建筑及其文化氛圍通常與商業(yè)文明、市井文化相隔離。在夫子廟，一方面是圍墻內嚴謹?shù)奈幕諊?另一方面是圍墻外、秦淮河兩岸充滿活力的商業(yè)文明，如工藝美術品、小商品、花鳥及現(xiàn)代商場、批銷中心，以及業(yè)經去其糟粕、取其精華的俗文化，如傳統(tǒng)的民風民俗—秦淮燈彩、秦淮風味小吃、云錦工藝、南京白局等，一應俱全，充分體現(xiàn)了夫子廟的繁華和與眾不同。學宮、孔廟與市場(東西市等)、俗文化(秦淮民風民俗等)和諧相處，高雅的儒學文化與通俗的市井文化、商業(yè)文化相互兼容、共同發(fā)展，形成了富有地方特色的秦淮文化。

第二，夫子廟建筑布局中有許多中國之最。如象征南京母親河—秦淮河的長達110米的高大照壁，是全國最大的;泮池是以天然河道秦淮河的一段改作的，是所有孔廟中獨一無二的。由此可知，秦淮河在夫子廟的歷史演變過程中的影響是非常重要的。南京夫子廟學宮明德堂的名稱在全國也是少有的;大成殿“三寶”—孔子畫像、雕像和孔子生平事跡壁畫，堪稱全國之最。值得一提的是，由于南京夫子廟的與眾不同，地方政府和國家旅游局自80年代以來，開發(fā)并形成了以夫子廟為中心的秦淮風光帶。在東起東水關、西迄西水關的十里秦淮，發(fā)掘出那些被歷史湮沒的秦淮勝跡，如瞻園、白鷺州、中華門城堡以及桃葉渡至鎮(zhèn)淮橋一帶的秦淮水上游和沿河景觀，即所謂的“四點一線”，形成了集山水、園林、市街、河房河廳和民風民俗于一體的綜合旅游區(qū)?，F(xiàn)已布局井然，初具規(guī)模，景致獨特，美不勝收，成為全國旅游景區(qū)四十佳之一?；诖?，有關部門還開辟了“夜泊秦淮”水上游旅游線路和陸上游一條線，成為繼“湖南路燈光夜市”后又一顆照亮南京一片天空的“夜明珠”，使得夜晚的南京城更顯魅力。

各位朋友，夫子廟的游覽就到此結束了，感謝大家的支持和合作!