千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《大慶導(dǎo)游詞》，但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《大慶導(dǎo)游詞》。
第一篇：導(dǎo)游詞個(gè)性導(dǎo)游詞
下面講解是關(guān)于倒要詞一些相關(guān)范文，如果大家正在關(guān)于個(gè)性導(dǎo)游詞語(yǔ)范文這方面內(nèi)容，那么大家有眼?？?希望各位都能夠閱讀以下文章哦!
最新山陜甘會(huì)館導(dǎo)游詞
各位朋友大家好，歡迎您來(lái)到山陜甘會(huì)館，大家一路上辛苦了，我是您這次行程的講解員，大家叫我小劉就可以了，山陜甘會(huì)館導(dǎo)游詞。非常榮幸能為大家提供服務(wù)，希望我的服務(wù)能夠給大家?guī)?lái)一段愉快的旅程。
那么現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在大家面前的這座建筑就是照壁了，他素雅大方，雄偉壯觀，高8.6米，長(zhǎng)16.5米。照壁又稱照墻、影墻，俗稱影壁墻，它主要是作為建筑物前的屏障，擋住外人的視線，使之不能對(duì)院內(nèi)的情況一覽無(wú)余，同時(shí)又作為人們進(jìn)入院落前停歇和整理衣冠的地方。此外，照壁還具有兩個(gè)功能，防止金錢(qián)外漏和擋住小鬼進(jìn)屋，因?yàn)閭髡f(shuō)小鬼只會(huì)直著走，用照壁的形式擋他一下他就進(jìn)不來(lái)了。
那咱們會(huì)館的照壁呢從上到下分為三個(gè)部分，最上面是廡殿頂。廡殿頂是中國(guó)建筑等級(jí)最高的一種屋頂形式，在故宮當(dāng)中很多建筑都采用這種形式的屋頂，它是由一條正脊和前后左右四坡相交而成的四條垂脊構(gòu)成，所以廡殿頂又叫做四阿頂或五脊頂。咱們會(huì)館的木雕、石雕、磚雕技藝精湛、內(nèi)容豐富，被成為會(huì)館三絕，其中磚雕就主要表現(xiàn)在照壁上。咱們順著房檐向下看一點(diǎn)兒，那四個(gè)突出的圓圓的叫做壽字紋梁頭，它們將此部分分成了5個(gè)部分，中間又有兩個(gè)龍形耍頭把每個(gè)部分又分成了三個(gè)部分，所以磚雕的區(qū)域從左到右一共為15個(gè)部分。
那我們先從左往右數(shù)，在第二個(gè)區(qū)域中呢，我們看到一朵牡丹花插在花瓶當(dāng)中，大家都知道，牡丹是富貴之花，那花瓶呢?在中國(guó)語(yǔ)言中啊有一種特殊的現(xiàn)象，就是我們把音相同的字認(rèn)為是同意字，因?yàn)榛ㄆ康钠颗c平安的平相諧音，所以呢，牡丹花插在花瓶當(dāng)中呢，就是富貴平安的意思了。那我們往右看第三區(qū)的位置，我們看到一只小獅子馱著一個(gè)寶瓶，獅子的獅與世代的世音相諧，所以獅駝寶瓶就是世代平安了。還有它旁邊的那幅，也就是第四區(qū)的位置，我們看到兩本書(shū)。其實(shí)這是古代商人記賬所用的賬本，上面開(kāi)著的是進(jìn)賬的賬本，下面合著的是出賬的賬本，進(jìn)賬賬本壓著出賬賬本，代表只進(jìn)不出，也是表達(dá)多多賺錢(qián)，好運(yùn)連連的愿望了。
從左往右數(shù)在第六個(gè)區(qū)域當(dāng)中我們看到花瓶之后出現(xiàn)了一把寶劍，那這也很好理解，就是保平安的意思了。商人們?cè)谕饨?jīng)商，尤其是像咱們會(huì)館都是山西、陜西、甘肅的商人可以說(shuō)不遠(yuǎn)萬(wàn)里的來(lái)經(jīng)商，出門(mén)在外，當(dāng)然最希望的就是自己的家宅平安、財(cái)產(chǎn)平安了。那咱們接著向下看，就能夠欣賞到咱們會(huì)館的石雕了。相信大家看到照壁的第一眼就已經(jīng)看到照壁中心的這個(gè)圖案了。它是一幅二龍戲珠圖，這幅圖里面是圓的，外面是方的，外圓內(nèi)方呢這也是對(duì)古人天圓地方說(shuō)的一種具體反映了。我們看這兩條龍爪托著的這顆珠子呢既不是珍珠也不是寶珠，也不是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)意義上的月明珠或者火焰珠，那如果大家仔細(xì)觀察的話可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，它是一只有眼睛有嘴巴而且還倒掛著的蜘蛛。這蜘蛛，在古代又稱為蟢子，是中國(guó)傳說(shuō)當(dāng)中的喜樂(lè)之神，二龍戲蟢子，寓意著喜從天降、喜事到來(lái)。
還有一種說(shuō)法是蜘蛛吐絲結(jié)網(wǎng)，這同商人的商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)是非常相似的，也表達(dá)了商人網(wǎng)羅全國(guó)的愿望。旁邊的忠、義、仁、勇四個(gè)大字是我市著名的青年書(shū)法家也是我市的副市長(zhǎng)陳國(guó)楨先生精心書(shū)寫(xiě)的，這四個(gè)字也是對(duì)關(guān)羽一生的高度概括，說(shuō)的是關(guān)羽一生對(duì)國(guó)忠、待人義、處事仁、作戰(zhàn)勇，這也是為什么人們千百年來(lái)崇尚關(guān)羽關(guān)圣帝君的原因了。大家看身后的這座建筑，上面寫(xiě)著關(guān)廟倆字，其實(shí)呢這座山陜甘會(huì)館最早是在清朝乾隆年間，由山西和陜西的商人共同集資修建的，后來(lái)隨著光緒年間甘肅商人的加入，于是改名為山陜甘會(huì)館。會(huì)館的主要收入是靠商戶的捐攤，其次就是靠房屋和土地的租賃收入了。當(dāng)時(shí)的山陜甘會(huì)館共計(jì)有房屋300多間，土地200多畝，我們現(xiàn)在所能見(jiàn)到的就是關(guān)帝廟的部分，還不到當(dāng)時(shí)的五分之一。
參觀完照壁后咱們繼續(xù)向前走。穿過(guò)甬道后我們看到的左右兩邊對(duì)稱的建筑就是鐘鼓二樓了。古代重鎮(zhèn)和大型的寺院內(nèi)都設(shè)有鐘鼓二樓。咱會(huì)館這鐘鼓二樓平面呈正方形，通高12.14米，是由四根通柱擎撐，二層以上又設(shè)有12根柱子，為重檐歇山頂，十分的華麗。咱們山陜甘會(huì)館的是開(kāi)封經(jīng)過(guò)戰(zhàn)亂水禍后唯一保存下來(lái)清代鐘鼓樓，建于清道光年間，您在其他景點(diǎn)看到的都是后來(lái)才建造的。我們知道，古人是沒(méi)有鐘表之類(lèi)的計(jì)時(shí)工具的，所以人們就以早晨敲鐘、晚上擊鼓的方式提醒人們時(shí)間，這就會(huì)讓我們自然而然的想起晨鐘暮鼓，又仿佛回到了那個(gè)日出而作、日落而息的年代。那鼓樓啊還有一個(gè)特殊的用途。據(jù)記載，鼓樓最早是北魏年間由縣令李崇所建，當(dāng)時(shí)是作為擒賊捉盜時(shí)傳遞信息的工具來(lái)使用。那咱們都知道烽火狼煙，它和鼓樓的作用也是相同的，但是卻沒(méi)有鼓樓這么方便?？梢哉f(shuō)，鼓樓是咱們中國(guó)人在信息傳遞上繼烽火狼煙之后的又一大創(chuàng)舉。
那看完鼓樓二樓以后呢，咱們回過(guò)身來(lái)看看咱們身后的這座建筑。剛才通過(guò)甬道時(shí)咱頭上面的這個(gè)呢就叫做戲樓，上面的就是戲臺(tái)了。一般較大的會(huì)館都會(huì)有戲臺(tái)，古代的戲臺(tái)分為兩種，一種是三面開(kāi)口凸出式戲臺(tái)，長(zhǎng)什么樣子呢，就是咱們會(huì)館戲臺(tái)的樣子。觀眾可以從三面觀看演員的演出。另一種為一面開(kāi)口鏡框式戲臺(tái)，跟咱們現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)非常的相近。那咱們會(huì)館的戲樓也有它的特別之處，它分為上下兩層，上面演戲、下面可供行走，有行走演出兩不誤的功效。清代和民國(guó)的時(shí)候有許多名角都在這里演出過(guò)，尤其是在清代的時(shí)候，每逢正月十
三、五月十三和九月十三都會(huì)在這里演大戲來(lái)祭祀關(guān)羽。大家來(lái)看，這座建筑上最有意思的就是旁邊的這兩幅對(duì)聯(lián)了：幻即是真，世態(tài)人情，描寫(xiě)的淋漓盡致;今世猶古，新聞舊事，扮演的毫發(fā)不差。臺(tái)上笑，臺(tái)下笑臺(tái)上臺(tái)下笑惹笑;看古人，看今人，看古看今人看人。由此看來(lái)戲樓確實(shí)演繹了人間百態(tài)。那我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)咱站在這里看戲呢時(shí)間久了就會(huì)感到脖子酸疼、非常不舒服。一向以建筑結(jié)構(gòu)合理著稱的中國(guó)古典建筑怎么會(huì)犯這種錯(cuò)不是錯(cuò)誤，那么最佳的觀賞位置又是在哪里呢?那我在這里先給大家買(mǎi)個(gè)關(guān)子，答案咱們待會(huì)兒揭曉。
個(gè)性導(dǎo)游詞語(yǔ)范文
精選香山導(dǎo)游詞
山公園位于北京西北郊西山東麓，東南距市中心28公里。最高點(diǎn)為香爐峰，海拔557米，俗稱鬼見(jiàn)愁。
香山山頂有巨石兩塊，叫乳峰石。其形酷似香爐，周?chē)殖Ｓ性旗F彌漫，如裊裊升空的香煙，香山由此得名。 香山景色秀麗，名勝遍布，風(fēng)光旖旎，極富自然野趣。秋來(lái)黃櫨換裝，漫山紅遍，如火如荼，此即香山紅葉，是燕京八景之一。香山冬天的景色也很迷人，每當(dāng)冬雪初晴，一片銀妝素裹，分外妖嬈，舊燕京八景之一的西山晴雪就指這里。
香山寺，在香山公園內(nèi)蟾蜍峰北。金大定二十六年(1186年)建，金世宗賜名大永安寺，為香山諸寺之首，靜宜園二十八景之一。后遭英法聯(lián)軍和八國(guó)聯(lián)軍焚毀，僅存石階，石坊柱、石屏等遺跡，唯有寺內(nèi)的聽(tīng)法松依然屹立。 香爐峰，俗稱鬼見(jiàn)愁。在香山公園西部。此峰高峻陡削，攀登不易，在峰頂可飽覽香山全景。近年已建有纜車(chē)索道，牽引登山。 雙清別墅在香山公園內(nèi)香山寺下。這里原有兩股清泉，相傳金章宗時(shí)稱夢(mèng)感泉。清乾隆在泉旁石崖上題刻雙清二字。
1917年熊希齡在此修建別墅，并以此為名。別墅淡雅幽靜，山水樹(shù)石順其自然。清泉大聚一池，池邊有亭，亭后有屋，屋旁有竹，竹影扶疏，秀麗非凡。在此春日賞花，酷夏避暑，秋觀紅葉，寒冬踏雪，四季景色綺麗，稱為香山園中園。 眼鏡湖，在香山公園北門(mén)內(nèi)。兩泓平靜的湖水由一座白石拱橋相聯(lián)，形似眼鏡，故此得名。湖的北側(cè)山石疊嶂，峰巒崛起。一洞之上，流泉直下，恰似珠簾垂掛的水簾洞。山花芳草在溝壑石縫和小溪池水旁爭(zhēng)奇斗艷，古柏蒼松、老槐垂柳交匯成一片清蔭。 見(jiàn)心齋在香山公園北門(mén)內(nèi)西側(cè)，毗鄰眼鏡湖。建于明嘉靖年間，幾經(jīng)修葺，是座頗具江南風(fēng)味的庭院。
香山庭院中心是一平圓形水池，清洌的泉水從石雕的龍口中注入，夏來(lái)新荷婷立，金魚(yú)嬉戲。池東、南、北三面回廊環(huán)抱，內(nèi)有一小亭伸入池中。池西有軒榭三間，即見(jiàn)心齋。齋后山石嶙峋，松柏交翠。整個(gè)庭院清靜幽雅，使人留連忘返。當(dāng)年乾隆帝曾在此讀書(shū)和賜宴臣僚。
關(guān)于福建莆田九鯉湖導(dǎo)游詞
各位團(tuán)友，大家好： 現(xiàn)在由我為大家服務(wù)。
我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的九鯉湖景區(qū)位于仙游縣東北隅約25公里的萬(wàn)山之巔，面積29平方公里，平均海拔590米。(因在萬(wàn)山之顛，道路崎嶇、陡峭大家要注意安全，互相幫助。)這里以湖、洞、瀑、石四奇著稱，尤以飛瀑為最，自古以來(lái)有鯉湖飛瀑天下奇之譽(yù);明代大旅行家徐霞客把它與武夷山、玉華洞并稱福建三絕。
九鯉湖的由來(lái)，還有一段傳說(shuō)：相傳漢武帝時(shí)，安徽蘆江有一個(gè)叫何任俠的人生了九個(gè)兒子，但除了老大額中間有一只眼睛外，其余八人雙目失明。他們不肯參加淮南王劉安的叛亂，而被劉安派人追殺， 歷盡千辛萬(wàn)難，來(lái)到今天九鯉湖所在的山巒之顛，并在此隱居下來(lái)修道煉丹、普濟(jì)眾生。有一天風(fēng)雨大作、雷電交加，突然從湖中躍出九條鯉魚(yú)，身的兩側(cè)長(zhǎng)出翅膀，九兄弟知道鯉魚(yú)吃了他們的仙丹要升天了于是各乘一條鯉魚(yú)沖天而去，成了神仙。九鯉湖因此而得名。各位團(tuán)友，現(xiàn)在展現(xiàn)在我們眼前的這座頗具中華民族特色的橋，被稱為通仙橋，意為通往人間仙境之橋。也是為風(fēng)景區(qū)的路口。
請(qǐng)大家往下瞧，溪床上那些奇形怪狀的溶洞，大家看這些溶洞像什么形狀?是不是像仙人煉丹時(shí)用的物品形狀呢?傳說(shuō)這是仙人煉丹是留下的遺跡。有人曾經(jīng)把染上顏色的稗谷倒進(jìn)溶洞里，后來(lái)在莆田三江口林蘭溪入海處發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些稗谷，你們說(shuō)奇特不奇特?那這些溶洞究竟是什么原因造成的呢?其實(shí)這些溶洞乃是大自然的杰作，距今大約7000萬(wàn)年的燕山晚期，由于地殼深部的巖漿侵入，形成了花崗巖體，而花崗巖所含的礦物，經(jīng)過(guò)發(fā)育后形成各種形態(tài)，在漫長(zhǎng)的地殼變遷過(guò)程中，在外力的作用下，才形成如今這些溶洞。
團(tuán)友們，眼前就是九鯉湖。整個(gè)湖呈圓形，直徑67米。面積不到杭州西湖的十分之一，卻可用小巧出雅四個(gè)字來(lái)形容。清晨、旁晚、入夜都有它的特色美景。為了紀(jì)念何氏兄弟而修建的這座祠宇，稱為九仙祠。重建于宋淳熙年間，距今已有800多年的歷史了。九仙祠又名顯靈廟。
據(jù)說(shuō)，九鯉仙人十分靈驗(yàn)，會(huì)給虔誠(chéng)的人托夢(mèng)指點(diǎn)迷津。因而歷代以來(lái),香客絡(luò)繹不絕,連自稱江南第一才子的唐伯虎在考場(chǎng)失意后,千里迢迢來(lái)到九鯉湖祈夢(mèng)。據(jù)說(shuō)，他在此夢(mèng)得九鯉仙人贈(zèng)給他一個(gè)裝有一萬(wàn)條墨錠的囊袋。自此以后,他寫(xiě)的詩(shī)更加清新明麗,畫(huà)的畫(huà)更為傳神。各位團(tuán)友,九鯉湖的湖水雖迷人,何氏兄弟的故事雖然動(dòng)人,但我們的九鯉飛瀑卻更為吸引人。你們瞧,那石湖上方的進(jìn)水處,就是第一祭-雷轟祭。此祭落差最小,但由于河床奇特,又不滿溶洞,以致水流沖下的時(shí)候,發(fā)出深沉的轟鳴,聲如洪鐘,故稱雷轟祭?，F(xiàn)在請(qǐng)看,這就是石湖的盡頭,由于巨石橫臥,擋住了湖水的去路。湖水就怒氣沖沖向前撞。因而這祭人們稱之為瀑布祭。
各位團(tuán)友,這便是珠簾祭和玉柱祭。大家知不知道黃山有個(gè)人字瀑?水在下落時(shí)被石脊分為兩股,極像一個(gè)人字,古人稱人字瀑。而玉柱祭的水向下流時(shí),被一塊突出的巨石截?cái)唷Ｋ侣鋾r(shí)被濺起來(lái)的水珠在陽(yáng)光的照耀下,像萬(wàn)穿斷了線的珍珠飛落下來(lái),珠簾也就因此而得名。玉柱祭以下,尚有五祭瀑布, 石門(mén)祭怪石嶙峋,一水斜回,有二石亭亭如門(mén),欲合不合,欲開(kāi)不開(kāi),下涌奔泉上凝云影。五星祭有五塊巨石相擁如星,惟妙惟肖,因此得名。飛鳳祭因泉水聲如鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)且有飛鳳峰而得名。棋盤(pán)祭中有一巨石如棋盤(pán),盤(pán)有一石如童子在觀棋而名之。將軍祭中有二石酷似兩位勇士當(dāng)關(guān),故名之。
第二篇：導(dǎo)游詞神農(nóng)架導(dǎo)游詞
考導(dǎo)游證，準(zhǔn)備導(dǎo)游詞真的很辛苦。就算只是為了期末考試那個(gè)十選一，也不是那么容易（我相信和我同一個(gè)老師的你會(huì)懂的）。將自己用過(guò)的導(dǎo)游詞共享，不求最好，但求能過(guò)。
ps：只要準(zhǔn)備充分，一定會(huì)過(guò)的
神農(nóng)架導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客
大家好！歡迎大家來(lái)到神農(nóng)架觀光游覽，我是大家此行的導(dǎo)游……，大家可以叫我小*或是*導(dǎo)。這位是我們的司機(jī)陳師傅，他的車(chē)技相當(dāng)嫻熟，大家盡可放心地坐他的車(chē)。咱們今天一起游覽的是黃鶴樓。一路上您若是有什么問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)盡管提出來(lái)，我將盡力為您解決。最后希望大家在此能度過(guò)一段難忘的時(shí)光。
我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了聞名中外的神農(nóng)架?chē)?guó)家級(jí)森林及野生動(dòng)物類(lèi)型自然保護(hù)區(qū)，神農(nóng)架自然保護(hù)區(qū)位于鄂渝兩省市交界處，長(zhǎng)江、漢水之間，神農(nóng)架林區(qū)境內(nèi)。神農(nóng)架群山形成于燕山運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期，境內(nèi)最高峰神農(nóng)頂海拔3105.4米，號(hào)稱“華中第一峰”，最低處石柱河谷海拔僅398米，平均海拔1700米， 3000米以上高峰有六座，所以人們又稱神農(nóng)架為“華中屋脊”。 神農(nóng)架的歷史十分悠久，早在舊石器時(shí)代就有原始人類(lèi)在此活動(dòng)，相傳炎帝神農(nóng)氏曾率眾在此搭架采藥，教人們耕種，所以這里被稱做神農(nóng)架。
請(qǐng)各位游客朋友往車(chē)窗左邊看（講解時(shí)伴有手勢(shì)，因面對(duì)游客，故出右手指自己身體右方），這就是被稱作“華中屋脊的華中第一高峰神農(nóng)頂，海拔3105.4米。
我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)到了進(jìn)入神農(nóng)架自然保護(hù)區(qū)后的第一站——大龍?zhí)?。這里是國(guó)家組織的兩次神農(nóng)架“野人”考察的宿營(yíng)地，也是現(xiàn)在的野考工作站所在地和神農(nóng)架金絲猴活動(dòng)習(xí)性的重要觀察點(diǎn)。這里曾經(jīng)住著一對(duì)野外考察的夫婦，他們?cè)诖簖執(zhí)兑淮艟褪?0多年。游客來(lái)到這里，可以參觀他們的野外考察成果展覽。我們現(xiàn)在到達(dá)的地方與剛剛到過(guò)的地方只有一字之差，叫小龍?zhí)丁＿@里建有野生動(dòng)物救護(hù)中心“野人”展館和龍?zhí)恫枭?。讓我們下?chē)去游覽一番吧！
看過(guò)了野人的資料，大家也許非常好奇，不要著急，我們先欣賞這里的美景?，F(xiàn)在我們就可以來(lái)到被譽(yù)為“神農(nóng)架第一景”的風(fēng)景埡入口處。風(fēng)景埡原名巴東埡， 1981年地名普查時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)其與小神農(nóng)架相鄰的巴東埡子重名，于是就更名為“風(fēng)景埡”。 另一種說(shuō)法是：當(dāng)年王光美同志來(lái)神農(nóng)架，在這上面呆了兩小時(shí)。她說(shuō)：“這里的風(fēng)景這么美，為什么不叫風(fēng)景埡呢？”后更名為“風(fēng)景埡”。 風(fēng)景埡海拔2785米，這里形成了石林叢生，如筍似柱的奇觀。大家也許會(huì)想。這是怎么形成的呢？這是由于所處地層屬神農(nóng)架背斜的核心部位，又南連北東向的韭菜埡子斷層。燕山運(yùn)動(dòng)后，隨著神農(nóng)架地區(qū)的不斷上升，南部斷層的軟弱部位不斷發(fā)生深切作用，致使埡南坡下切成深達(dá)千米的峽谷，分布于埡南坡的神農(nóng)架群下亞群的碳酸鹽巖，最容易受到風(fēng)化溶蝕，經(jīng)過(guò)千萬(wàn)年來(lái)的風(fēng)刀霜?jiǎng)?，雕塑出了今天的石林景觀。石林周?chē)?，竹海蒼翠，杜鵑搖紅，流云飛霧纏繞，所以有“石林云雨”之稱。風(fēng)景埡奇特風(fēng)光被譽(yù)為“神農(nóng)第一景”。因此人們常說(shuō)：不到風(fēng)景埡，枉到神農(nóng)架。 這里的景色如此迷人，大家盡可以在這里憑欄而觀，攝影留念。
離開(kāi)風(fēng)景埡，我們就到達(dá)了板壁巖，這里因?yàn)橛幸叭顺鰶](méi)和奇妙的石林而倍受游人注目。在停車(chē)場(chǎng)的周?chē)?，有大片的野生杜鵑林，每年5月至7月杜鵑花競(jìng)相開(kāi)放，紅的、紫的、黃的、白的杜鵑花簇浩浩蕩蕩，十分好看。杜鵑花是中國(guó)的十大名花之一，名列第6。神農(nóng)架野生杜鵑有6屬19種之多，是一個(gè)奇特的高山杜鵑家族。由于板壁巖周?chē)亩霹N林相當(dāng)集中，所以這里曾作為1995年神農(nóng)架首屆國(guó)際杜鵑花節(jié)的開(kāi)幕式現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
板壁巖上下，箭竹林漫山遍野，密不透風(fēng)。這一帶是神冬筍“野人”經(jīng)常出沒(méi)的地方，箭竹林中多次發(fā)現(xiàn)“野人”的腳印、毛發(fā)、糞便和竹窩。野人的毛發(fā)無(wú)論是從表面還是細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)，均優(yōu)于高等靈長(zhǎng)動(dòng)物。野人的腳印長(zhǎng)約25厘米，步幅約2.7米，可以想象野人的身材是很高大的。最令人驚嘆的還要算是野人的窩，窩是用20根箭竹扭曲而成，人躺在上面，視野開(kāi)闊，舒適如同靠椅，經(jīng)驗(yàn)證，這絕非獵人所做，更非猿類(lèi)、熊類(lèi)所為，它的制造和使用者當(dāng)然是那種介于人和高等靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)之間的奇特動(dòng)物了?！耙叭恕钡膫髡f(shuō)在世界各地宣傳甚廣，名列飛碟UFO、百慕大魔鬼三角等世界之謎之首。在美洲它被稱做“大腳怪”；在青藏高原稱“雪人“；在神農(nóng)架地區(qū)被稱做“野人”、“毛人”、“山鬼”等。在世界各地，所有關(guān)于“野人”的傳說(shuō)都近乎重復(fù)著同一個(gè)形象：全身長(zhǎng)毛、外觀像人、無(wú)語(yǔ)言能力、直立行走……這些描繪顯然不同于膜拜鬼神，而完全符合現(xiàn)生哺乳類(lèi)動(dòng)物的基本特征。自古至今，不同地區(qū)、不同民族、不同歷史時(shí)期，重復(fù)著同樣的“野人”故事。我國(guó)科學(xué)家將這種神秘動(dòng)物稱為“未知高大靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物”。 “野生”這種奇異的生命跡象正吸引著全世界探索自然之謎的人們，它是舉世矚目的世界之謎。而中國(guó)神農(nóng)架是世界上最可能藏有謎底的地區(qū)。
跟云南的著名“石林”相比板壁巖的石林別具特色。它沒(méi)有云南石林的集中與壯觀，但確十分的靈秀、別致?？赡苁菐r質(zhì)的原因，也可能是億萬(wàn)年風(fēng)霜雨雪侵蝕的結(jié)果，板壁巖的巖石都不是光滑的，都是那樣刻滿滄桑，嶙峋凸凹。把這里的每塊巖石搬到別的地方，都是一座漂亮別致的放大了的盆景。
美好的時(shí)光總是讓人覺(jué)得短暫，我們的神農(nóng)架之旅就到此結(jié)束了。這段時(shí)間得到了大家的協(xié)助和配合，旅游活動(dòng)進(jìn)行得十分順利，對(duì)此，我由衷地向大家表示感謝！我有服務(wù)不周的地方海清各位多多諒解。俗話說(shuō)：讀萬(wàn)卷書(shū)行萬(wàn)里路，這次的神農(nóng)架之行讓我們的生活有了新的體驗(yàn)和認(rèn)識(shí)，希望著能成為我們?cè)赣没匚兜拿篮糜洃洝ｋx別之際，送給大家一句話：我們常說(shuō)因?yàn)樯钗覀儾荒苁スぷ?，我們努力工作是為了生活，那反過(guò)來(lái)我們也不能因?yàn)楣ぷ魇ド?，在您忙碌的工作之余別忘了給自己留一份空間，出來(lái)旅行一下。祝大家旅途順利，身體健康！謝謝！
第三篇：ArticlethreethetourguidewordsintheImperialPalace,Beijing
Hello everyone！ I am this tour guide, you can call me Xiao Wang. For a moment, we will go to the famous, and is known as the world's top five of the first temple of the the Imperial Palace in Beijing.
Attention, everyone, if you do not want to let the garbage around the Imperial Palace, then don't litter. Children with children also have to take care of their children.
First of all, I would like to give you a brief introduction of its history: the the Imperial Palace in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City. Today, people call it the Imperial Palace, which means the Imperial Palace in the past, and it is the largest and most complete ancient architecture in the world. The area of the Imperial Palace is about 723600 square meters. It is said that there are 9999 rooms in the Imperial Palace. The Imperial Palace palace building is uniform wooden structure, yellow glazed and green Whitehead base and beautiful decoration painting.
Come and see the temple. It is 27 meters high and is paved on the ground with brick. The four corners of the roof are shining yellow glazed tiles on the roof, which is solemn and sacred. Is the central and temple placed all the supplies for the buddha. But no one knows, this is only a place where the emperor stopped at the temple of Taihe.
Imperial Garden is also beautiful. There are not only green and high pine and cypress in the garden, but also a lot of precious flowers and trees. A famous building with 20 superfluous places. Named Chunting million and Chiaki Pavilion Pavilion, the pavilion can be said today to save the most magnificent Pavilion.
Today, though we can't visit more beautiful scenery of the Imperial Palace because of the time relationship, we believe you have seen a lot, learned a lot and enjoyed this tour. I wish you a pleasant journey home! Good health！ Next time to visit Beijing, please remember to contact Xiao Wang, and then spend a pleasant time with you.
第四篇：英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞泉州導(dǎo)游詞
泉州導(dǎo)游詞
Overview of Quanzhou TouristryQuanzhou is a well-known hometown for overseas Chinese and a majority of the Han population in Taiwanese.The total population in the municipality is over 6.7 million.About 9 million of Han nationality in Taiwan are originally from Quanzhou.In recent years, the number of visitors from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao has been increasing.They come back for pilgrimage to their visit ancestors’ graves, visit their families and friends, make investments and conduct busine and sightseeing.This has greatly promoted the social and economic development in Quanzhou.
Quanzhou is one of first 24 important national historic and cultural cities announced by the State Council.From Tang Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, “Citong Port” in Quanzhou was one of the major ports for foreign trade.It was the departure point of “marine silk route” and enjoyed the grand reputation of “l(fā)argest oriental port”.The city has numerous famous scenic spots, cultural and historic relics.Among 399 protected cultural relics in the city, 12 are of state level and 37 are of province level.
1.Chongwu Ancient Town “natural film studio” and “Beidaihe in the South”.It is located at Chongwu Township, the coastal jag in the east of Hui-an County.
The site covers an area of 300 Mu, winding along the coastline, composed of Chongwu ancient town, Hui-an women glamour, the granite carving museum, and Earth Art.The well-preserved T-shaped city wall of Chongwu ancient town is located on just the opposite of the scenic spot.It is regarded as “case of the ancient systematic civil work due to its unique architecture.The area has been listed by provincial tourism Bureau as the key construction project for tourism and announced by Quanzhou Municipal Government as the first batch of famous scenic spots, receiving over one million tourists each year.
2.Qingyuan Mountain Quanzhou is 2 km from the down town and directly acceible by bus.The sight is known as “No.1 Penglai Mountain in Fujian Province” and the “Back garden of Quanzhou”.
The scenic sight covers a total area of 62 km2, consisting Qingyuan Mountain, Jiuri Mountain, Lingshan secret tomb, and Xibeiyang.Qingyuan Mountain has three national key culture relics located on 8 sites.The most attractive site is the giant granite statue of an old gentleman, which is 5.63 meters high, 6.85 meters thick and 8.01 meters wide.Covering an area of 55 m2, it is the largest Taoist granite statue existing at present in China.In addition, there are also Islamic tombs in Song Dynasty, Qifeng rock calligraphy group on Jiuri Mountain, the granite statue of “Sanshifu (Three-generation Buddha)”of Tibetan Buddhism of Yuan Dynasty, the giant granite statue of “Amituofu”, and the Buddhist relics of Hongyi master, the senior monk in modern history, and the Buddhist relics of Hui-an native Guanqin master monk which is brought back from Taiwan.The mountain has gathered rock calligraphies of Taoism, Confucius, Buddhism, Muslim, Muni, as well as many fine calligraphy since Tang and Song Dynasties, hence the name of “Museum of Stone Carving”.
3.Ling Mountain Sacred Tomb
Fengze District Forest Park.It is the best protected Muslim relics existing in China.
Covers an area of 300 m2, the existing tomb is a pagoda shaped Islamic tomb, located in the north and facing the south.The tomb, measuring 2.15 meter long, 1.1 meters wide and 0.6 meters tall, is structured in three layers.On the east, west and north of the tomb are horse-shoe shaped protection cloisters for 9 chambers which are 11 meters wide and 1.04 meters deep.Inside the cloisters, there are 5 monument stones of different dynasties.In front there is a shining-green monument stone carved with Arabic language.On the right it is the monument stone which was laid when Zhenghe came to burn jo sticks before he started the 5th voyage expedition.
To the Arab world, the tomb on the Ling Mountain is the third important sacred tomb, next to Muhammad’s tomb in Mecca and Ari Tomb in Iraq.
4.Qingjing Mosque National key culture relics, it is located in the middle section of Tumen Street, Licheng District, covering an area of 2500 m2.
Qingjing Mosque faces the street in the South, with a pointed dome roof.The dome has three layers: inside, middle and outside.On the external wall, there is a statue on the top, which is carved with “Alcoran” in Arabic.The back wall of the mosque is carved with ancient Arabic script, recording the time of construction and repair and the builders.In the mosque, there is a stone carving of the emperor’s instruction about the protection of the Islamic mosque in Yongle Year 5 of Ming Dynasty (1407).On top of the mosque gate, there is a platform named “platform looking at the moon” which is built with bricks in the shape of dual-square.
5.Kaiyuan Temple National key culture relics, it is a 1000-year old temple, famous in China and overseas.Build in Wuzetian Chuigong Year 2 of Tang Dynasty (Year 686), the temple is Located in the west street of Lincheng District, Quanzhou, Fujian Province.The temple has a history of over 1300 years, covering an area of 78,000 m2.
Kaiyuan Temple is evenly laid in structure.Starting from the gate, there are the Hall of Heaven King, Praying Pavilion, east and west Corridors, the Precious Hall of Great Hero, Ganlujietan, and scripture store-room.The buildings are laid spectacularly and neatly in a line.Inside Kaiyuan Temple, there stood the east pagoda and the west pagoda, which are also called Ziyun couple pagodas.The east pagoda is named Zhenguo Pagoda, which was made from the wood initially and later replaced by the brick at the height of 48.24 meters.The west pagoda is named Renshou pagoda, which was built from the timber sent by Wang Shenzhi, the king of Fujian.It was named “emotal pagoda”.It was replaced by brick structure in the northern Song Dynasty and changed again to stone pagoda in the Southern Song Dynasty at the height of 44.06 meters.The west pagoda was built 10 years earlier than the east pagoda
6.Luoyang Bridge
A National cultural relics located over Luoyang River, 20 km northeast off Quanzhou.The construction of the bridge started in 1053 and was completed in 1059.Its length is 834 meters and width, 7 meters, with 31 piers.On the two sides of the bridge, there are fences, on top of which there stand delicately carved lion stone statues.The bridge is also decorated with 7 pavilions, 9 pagodas and knight statues standing at each end.With the unique architecture, the bridge is famous both at home and abroad and has gained the reputation of “No.1 bridge acro the sea”.On the outside of the bridge, there are 500 carved stone railings and 28 carved stone lions, symbolizing 28 famous craftsmen; and 81 Buddha statues, including the Moon Buddha.On the north of the bridge, there is a courtyard, which is known as the No.1 courtyard in the south of Fujian Province.
7、Anping Bridge A national key culture relic located at Anhai Town of Jingjiang City, Fujian Province, acce to the highway between Fuzhou and Xiamen and the national road No 324.Anping Bridge extends over the bay between Anhai Township of Jingjiang and Shuitou Township of Anhai.The construction of the bridge started in Shaoxing Year 8 of Song Dynasty (1138) and completed in Shaoxing Year 22 (1152).Made of granite piers, the bridge is 2700 meters long and it was the longest bridge in the ancient times, known as “no bridge would be longer than this bridge”.The construction of Anping Bridge is unique, because the original piers were designed in three different shapes: square, semi-boat, and raft.The foundation of the bridge adopted “sunken foundation covered by wood” and wooden piles respectively according to the different earth layer.The surface of the bridge was laid with granite slates of 5-11 meters long and 4.5-25 tons each.The bridge surface was laid by utilizing the rising and falling of the tide.
8.Shiniu Mountain the territory of Dehua, in the middle of Fujian Province and the southeast part of mid Daiyun Mountain range.
Shiniu Mountain is famous for its vicious cliff, strange-shaped rocks, strange-looked trees and mysterious caves.In the park, there are high mountains and a dense forest, with humid climate, excellent natural environment, and bio-diversity.It is a kingdom of plants and paradise of animals.
The major tourism attractions include the main peak of Niushi Mountain, Daixian double water falls, bamboo raft drifting on Taoxian Stream, rubber boat drifting on Shilong Stream, Tadou hot spring, Peach-flower Island, the relics of Fujian Provincial committee building.
9.Niumu Forest Ecological Sightseeing Zone As a National AAAA scenic spot and provincial natural reserve, it is located at Xiayang town, the west of Yongchun County, Quanzhou of Fujian Province.
Niumu forest is the extension of Daiyun Mountain with an attitude of 1,105 meters.It is the largest and best preserved primary forest at present in South China.The main sightseeing area in Niumu forest ecological zone covers 1,000 ha, consisting over 40 scenic spots.The most famous sites are the ecological and scientific popularization museum, orchid garden, Yongchun Tangerine orchard, Qingqian Liule Garden, Cuckoo Castle, board root, strangled killing, parasitic cauline flower, Fujian phoebe trees, yew, foliage, Woniutan, Zhonglidizhu, Konggulaifeng.The entertainment activities offered for tourists include cable sliding at high altitude, gra ski fashion, mock hunting, standard shooting, archery, and jungle field operation.
10.Anxi Qingshui Crag
As National AAAA scenic spot and provincial-level culture relics, it is a tourist attraction and religious shrine, located on Penglai Mountain, 15 km northwest from the Anxi County suburb, the hometown of the Iron Buddha Tea.Covering a total area of 11.1 km2 with the peak reaching the altitude of 767 meters, it consists of the temple and pilgrimage zone, Qiyu (praying for rain) ecological zone, Qinshan Recreation zone and memorial zone.With convenience of transportation, it is about 70 km from Quanzhou, 100 km from Xiamen and 120 km from Zhangzhou.The existing temple was built after 1966 and Qingshui Crag is the burial place of Qingshui master monk, a famous monk in Song Dynasty.There is a belief of Qingshui master monk has a wide influence in the Southern Fujian province, Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries.In Taiwan alone, there are over 200 temples named Qingshui Crag.
Quanzhou Delicacies and Specialities
1.Quanzhou Glutinous Rice Dumpling of Meat Stuffing
The glutinous rice dumplings of meat stuffing are made in a dainty procedure.The ingredients are mainly glutinous rice, together with half-fat pork and other ingredients, such as taro, chestnut, bran shrimp, lotus seed, chicken, ham and bamboo shoots.
2.Quanzhou Yuanhetang Preserved Fruits and Vegetables
Quanzhou Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables are traditional foods, made from different varieties of fruit and vegetables.They enjoy a great reputation all over the world for their sweet and pleasant taste.“Yuanhetang” is a 80-year-old firm proceing preserved fruits and vegetables.Having the function of nourishing the stomach and spleen; promoting appetite, Yuanhetang products are regarded as the best selection for entertaining guests while drinking tea.Overseas Chinese originally from the Southern Fujian Province like to take Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables back to their residential country while people in China like to choose “Yuanhetang” products as souvenirs for their overseas relatives and friends.
3.Anxi Tie Kuan-yin Tea
Anxi Iron Kuanyin Tea also known as heart Kuanyin tea and red shape Kuanyin tea.It is the top quality Wulong Tea, the famous tea produced in Fujian Province.The iron Kuanyin tea produced in Anxi County, Quanzhou Municipality contains a number of biological alkaline, vitamins and tannin, protein and aromatic oil.It has the special function of easing anxiety, improving eyesight, preventing arteriosclerosis and cancer, extending youth and mitigating radiation.
4.Quanzhou Puppet Head
Quanzhou puppets have a complete image in structure.The figures are widely selected from the figures and roles in the folk operas and legends, roughly divided into 5 major types: Sheng (male), Dan (young female), Jing (painted face, male), Mo (middle aged male), Chou (clown, male or female).There are over 300 puppet masks, which display beautiful shapes, vivid drawings, clear characters, unique artistic styles and local images.
5.Hui-an Granite Sculpture
Hui-an granite sculpture is a folk carving craftwork, made from top quality granite (shining-green rock) and carved finely into different sizes of delicate handicrafts, such as round carving, floating carving, line carving, and shadow carving.The granite sculptures produced in Hui-an can be either large as the size which should be lifted and installed by cranes or can be small as the size which can float on the surface of the water.They are beautiful in shape, fine in workmanship, unique in artistic style and strong in local characteristics.Hui-an granite sculpture has a history of 1600 years, well-known as the “home of granite sculptures”.
6.Hui-an Bear Gall
Fujian Guizhentang Pharmacy Development Co.Ltd utilizes the rich resource of bear gall from Qianshan Group and has developed Qianshan brand bear gall products, such as bear gall powder, bear gall health tea and bear gall capsules.The company uses the extracted substances from bear galls with other valuable Chinese herb medicine to develop different varieties of new medicines.Bear galls are bitter in taste and cold in nature, having the function of clearing the heat, relieving spasm, improving eye-sight, and killing worms.According to the Chinese medicine, bear gall is effective in curing red eye disease, sore throat, infantile convulsion of children, indigestion and pain caused by worms.
7.Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven
Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven is a proceed traditional Chinese medicine, which is a light grey coloured block in aromatic smell and slightly sweet taste.Having the functioned in adjusting the stomach, nourishing the spleen, expelling wind-evil, settling indigestion, and promoting appetite, resolving wetne, it can be applied to treat flue and cold, heat exhaustion in summer, stomach-ache caused by indigestion and vomiting and diarrhoea.
8.Quanzhou Rice sculpture
“Zhauggaoren (rice figure)” is made of ground rice (glutinous rice), wheat flour and pigment.The skill of making the rice figures mainly relies on the dexterous fingers.The tools needed are also simple: small sciors, fine comb, gold paper, feathers, bamboo strap and iron thread.The figures made from the dough are generally taken from the stories in four famous major Chinese works, such as “The master travels to the west with his apprentice to obtain scriptures”, “Three brothers in the Peach Orchard”, “Twelve Golden hairpins” and “Wusong kills tiger”.The figures are vivid.After they are made, it takes several days for them to dry under the sunlight, and then paint with a coat of oil to make them shine and to preserve them for a long time.
9.Quanzhou Folk Colour cotta
Quanzhou Folk Colour Cottas are made from paper as figures of ancient operas.The work of making colour cotta is divided into standing work and sitting work.The standing work generally refers to making large scale works, such as “Giant Mountain” “Lingcuo” and “Colour Building while sitting work refers to making fine works, including famous figures, birds and animals.In modern colour cotta techniques, the material is earth, wax, plastics, cloth and silk to enhance the expreive force.The folk colour cotta in Quanzhou has a broad influence in China and overseas.The works of “56 ethnic groups”, “Hui-an maidens”, “Maidens form tea producing area”, “Girls from Fishermen Family”, “Lady of Southern Music” designed by Quanzhou JIngxiu Firm have won excellence prizes on the First China Tourism Souvenir competition, and the prize of the best commodity on the First Fujian Provincial Tourism Fair.
10.Yongchun Painted Bamboo Baskets
Yonghcun painted bamboo baskets are unique traditional handicrafts produced locally.They are made from over 20 raw materials, including gold foil, fine bamboo skin, raw paint, Chinese wood oil, Xiabu, dongfen through over 30 procedures of moulding, boiling, lining, and painting for over two months.There are over 100 varieties of products including flat baskets, patterned baskets and full baskets, shaped in round, ridged, hexagon, oval, as well as fruit boxes and painted plates.
11Yogchun Paper Woven Picture
Yongchun paper woven pictures are a special traditional handicraft, initiated at the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, with a history of over 1400 years.The pictures have been sent to over 40 countries for exhibition, presented to the foreign friends as souvenirs, and have become the “friendship envoy” for the promotion of the diplomatic ties.Yongchun County has been granted by the Ministry of Culture the title “Home of China Paper Woven Pictures” and listed for the protection under the “Folk Art Protection Project”.
12.Dehua Ceramics
Dehua ceramics is the traditional craftwork.It was started in the Tang Dynasty, developed in Song and Yuan Dynasty and made a breakthrough in Ming Dynasty.The white ceramics produced in Dehua have the reputation of being “white as snow, thin as paper, smooth as jade”.Dehua ceramics is famous especially for its statue of Kuanyin which was made by the senior master He Chaosong and named “Helai Kuan” after his name.The “Ivory White” ceramic statue developed by him is a valuable object unparallel in the world, known as the “crown jewel in the international ceramic sector”.
Quanzhou Folk Culture
1.Quanzhou Ceramic culture
“Dehua has many beautiful ceramics”, is how the Italian traveller Marko Polo described Dehua.Porcelain manufacture has a long history in Dehua.Well-known both in China and overseas for its top quality, fine workmanship, the porcelain industry in Dehua is regarded as one of the three major porcelain capitals in China, together with Jingde town of Jiangxi Province and Lilin of Hunan Province.In Ming Dynasty, the “Ivory White” ceramics developed by the great master He Chaozong surprised the world and was named “China White” by the westerners.People describe Dehua top white porcelain as “white as snow, thin as paper, bright as mirror” and describe Dehua Jianbai porcelain as “smooth and transparent as condensed lipid and frozen jade”.The porcelain Kuanyin made in Dehua is called “Oriental Venus”.
2.Culture of Hui-an women costumes
The costume culture of Hui-an women dates back into the ancient China.They wore a yellow scarf, a blue short blouse, silver chain and large trousers, which are unique in the national costume culture.The blue short blouse displays the colour of sea and sky, the yellow bamboo hats symbol the land and beach; the flowery scarf indicates the movement of mountain flowers and sea waves.The blouses are tight and short, exposing the navel, displays their characters of being bold, flexible, but extravert.
The costume of Hui-an women is always focused on the body above the waist, especially on the head decoration which differs in patterns, occasions and ages.When Hui-an women attend weddings or ceremonies, the head decoration should be bright and colourful to display the “happine”.The old women of Hui-an usually have a bob on the back of the head and wear a black scarf with pins decorated with beads and flowers, which displays a unique style.
4.Quanzhou Opera Culture
Dacheng Play
Dacheng play is also named Fashi Play, Monk Play, Douist play and originated from the religion and folk activities in Quanzhou.Formed by combining Buddhist and Taoist activities, it is a religious play, rarely seen in China.The play provides religious services for both Buddhism and Taoism.Dacheng Play was born in Quanzhou and nourished by Quanzhou folk arts, and is especially deeply influenced by thread controlled puppet plays.After emerging as a new play, it has displayed its uniquene in Southern Fujian folk operas due to its super Kongfu and technique.
Dacheng play is known for its kongfu which applies Quanzhou South Shaolin boxing.The opera has preserved lots of folk stunts, acrobatics and dances.By adopting Taoist and Buddhist music, and “Puppet melody” of thread controlled puppets, the music of the opera displays a unique religious charm.
Liyuan Opera
Quanzhou Liyuan opera is a rare and valuable opera in China, because it still preserves the characteristics of Southern opera from Tang and Song Dynasties.Originating in Quanzhou, it has spread to Taiwan and the Southeast Asian Countries in the footsteps of the emigrants from Quanzhou.Having preserved a large repertoire of southern opera from Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Liyuan opera has been called the “l(fā)iving foil” of opera and is one of the oldest operas existing in China.
Liyuan opera is sung by Quan melody.It has preserved a lot of important music from Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty and is closely related with the ancient music -- Southern Tone.The music of Liyuan opera is mainly played by the bamboo flute and string music instruments.
Nanyin (Southern Tone)
Nanyin (Southern tone) is an old and beautiful music and is called the “root of the Chinese national music”.Quanzhou is the cradle of the Southern tone.It has become very popular, after it was enriched, matured and optimized by absorbing the strengths from Central China culture, Fujian culture and maritime culture.Embedded in Quanzhou, Southern tone has not only extended to Southern Fujian Province where Southern Fujian dialect is spoken, but also spread to the Southeast Asian countries, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.By paing from one generation to another, it has become increasingly popular as a “home tone” full of strong paion for the loving the hometown and the motherland.Many Chinese and foreign scholars have complimented Quanzhou southern tone as the “treasure in the Chinese claic music”.
第五篇：北京故宮英文導(dǎo)游詞
Ladies and gentlemen:
The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing.
It is also known as the Forbidden City in the old days.
Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperors and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Its name, on the one hand, comes from ancient Chinese astronomers' belief that God's abode or the Purple Palace, the pivot of the celestial world, is located in the Pole Star, at the center of the heavens .
Hence, as the Son of God, the emperor should live in the Purple City.
On the other hand, except for palace maids, eunuchs and guards, ordinary the Forbidden City and the Purple City.
It took 14 years to complete the magnificent palace.
Construction began in 1406 and finished in 1420.
The following year, in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing.
Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi, altogether 24 emperors lived here for a total of 491 years.
14 of then were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors.
The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares with a total floor space of about 163,000 square meters.
It is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a10-meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat.
At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days.
The Forbidden City now consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings with rooms of 8,704.
Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble, stone or brick foundations.
The building materials were from parts of our country.
The timber came from Sichuan, Guizhou, Guandxi, Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China.
But in the Qing Dynasty, the timbers were transported from northeast China.
Other construction materials, including brick, stone and lime, were used by both Dynasties.
The golden bricks that paved the halls were manufactured in Suzhou, refined bricks used to build the foundation of halls were made in Linqing, and lime came from Yizhou.
White marble was provided regularly by Fangshan County and glazed tiles by Sanjiadian.
The Forbidden City can be divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace.
The Outer Court consists of three main buildings where the emperors attended the grand of rear three main buildings and the six eastern palaces and six western palaces where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines to live in.
The Forbidden City is the best-preserved imperial palace in China and the largest ancient palatial structure in the world.
In 1987 it was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
The Meridian Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City.
It is called Meridian Gate because the emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe.
It is 35.6meters high with five towers on the top, so it is also nicknames as the “Five-Phoenix Tower.”
The Meridian Gate was the place to announce the new lunar year calendar on the first day of 10th lunar month every year.
Lanterns would also be hung up on the Meridian Gate on the 15th day of the first lunar month during the Ming Dynasty, when all the officials would have a feast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens, when all the officials would have a fast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens would go to the Meridian Gate to look at the beautiful lanterns.
When a general returned from battle, the ceremony of “Accepting Captives of War” was held here.
The “Court Beating” also took place here.
The gate has five openings.
The central passageway was for the emperor exclusively.
But apart from the emperor, the empress could use the central passageway on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony.
However, after the palace examination, the first top three outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate.
The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east.
The two smaller ones on both sides at the corner were for the lowranking officials.
During the Palace Examination all the candidates went in from these two side-gates according to the odd number or even number.
第六篇：北京天壇導(dǎo)游詞導(dǎo)游詞
中國(guó)北京.天 壇 ——英文導(dǎo)游辭
(Inside the South Gate of the Temple of Heaven)
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Temple of Heaven.(After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China.There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad.All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year.Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the altar.It will take roughly one hour.Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.
(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)
The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven, the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties.It was decreed that rulers of succeive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest.But why?
The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature.In those days, there were specific rites of worship.This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty.Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares.To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one.The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices.The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.
(Along the Imperial Paage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)
The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether.Standing on the paage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other.This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
1 On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs.He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.
(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)
We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace.Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone.The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring.Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9.But why?
According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors.Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin.Nine was the largest heavenly number acceible to man.What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
Once more look at the round stone in the center.The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters) in circumference, while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang.Claified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized succe.What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized.The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice.The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace; while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks.The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning.All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued.On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood, musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven.When the service drew to a close, the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end, the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be bleed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.It is interesting to note that, the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance, since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer.The stone, which is known as the God’s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself.(Proceed northward to pa through the Lattice Star Gate)
(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse.It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles.The
2 roofing, beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks.This is the only structure of its kind in China today.
the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept.Douglas Hurd, a former British foreign secretary, once said, “God attends to His affairs on the Circular Mound Altar but stays here.” Now let` s go in to see it (Go through the left side door)
(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)
this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse.It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter.The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows.It is decorated with colored paintings.Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace, the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl” design in relief.We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(On the marble terrace of the main hall)
The arch of the hall is buttreed by 16 giant pillars on two rings.On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caion, or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design.The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal.Atop it, up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined.On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon, constellation, cloud, rain, wind and thunder.
(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)
Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i.e.the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone.A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart.This is poible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.
In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone.If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times.Hence the name.(Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)
(Nine-Dragon Cypre)
3
the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypre trees-there are more than 60,000 cypre trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypre was planted more than 500 years ago.Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypre.It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs.Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)
Now we are back again on the Central Axis.This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest.The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis.It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(On the Red Stairway Bridge)
Entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised paage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall.This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.
The paage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cro arrangement of slabs.The central and widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it.The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk.The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people.This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.
Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all.But how so? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep.The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice.All in all, it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.
Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end.As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypre recede and perspective widens.Here you are in Heaven.
(Costume-Changing Terrace)
The marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or Costume Changing Terrace.It is located to the
4 east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades.The day before the service, officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes.After the service, the emperor would return to the tent and change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace.(Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)
This structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest.We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building, the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate.A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls, the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.The annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace, to set off the loftine and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building, 38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball.The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings.The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace.At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it.
Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height, covering a space of 4,000 square meters.Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure.In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs.To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and down pipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls.In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed.Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)
Climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall, a masterpiece of ancient China.Looking up you will see the caion, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes.In and out, the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
Without the use of steel, cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crobeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 maive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters.The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four seasons.There are two rings of 12
5 scarlet pillars each.The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year.
