千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《伊犁導游詞》，但愿對你工作學習有幫助，當然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《伊犁導游詞》。

第一篇：故宮導游詞寶座導游詞

故宮博物院——寶座

各位游客朋友大家好，歡迎來到故宮博物院，我是導游小陳，故宮，本名紫禁城，始建于明朝永樂四年（1406年），是明清兩代24位帝王的宮殿，也是600年來中國皇權(quán)的象征， 紫，是古人心目中的王者之星——紫薇，來自天上。禁，是權(quán)力，來自于人，也施之于人。城，是這一片占地72萬平米的宏偉建筑群。相傳紫禁城有宮殿9999間半，實際上是8700多間，是我國也是世界上目前規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的宮殿建筑群。作為皇權(quán)的集中代表，這里的一土一木、一磚一瓦，無不投射出君臨天下、皇權(quán)神授的氣魄。

我想，最具有代表性的物件，莫過于我們眼前這座霸氣十足的髹金漆云龍紋寶座了，這是故宮現(xiàn)存做工最講究、裝飾最華貴、等級最高、體量最大、雕鏤最精的寶座。我們可以看到，它設(shè)在太和殿中央七層臺階的高臺上，后方擺設(shè)的是七扇雕有云龍紋的髹金漆大屏風。它是明朝嘉靖（1522—1566）年間制作的，通高172厘米、寬158厘米、縱深79厘米。椅圈上共有13條金龍纏繞，其中最大的一條正龍昂首立于椅背的中央；椅面之下沒有通常的椅子腿，而是一個須彌底座，在束腰的地方透雕雙龍戲珠，滿髹金漆。周圍擺設(shè)象征太平有象的象馱寶瓶，象征君主賢明、群賢畢至的甪端，象征延年益壽的仙鶴，以及焚香用的香爐、香筒。而殿內(nèi)靠近寶座的六根明柱和梁、枋上的群龍彩畫，全用瀝粉貼金。寶座上方的蟠龍銜珠藻井，也統(tǒng)統(tǒng)罩以金漆，更顯出“金鑾寶殿”的華貴氣氛，足見坐上這個寶座的人是何等尊貴。

其實，寶座作為皇帝的專用坐具，無論在前朝還是后宮，也無論在紫禁城還是在離宮別苑，凡是皇帝所到之處，都要陳設(shè)寶座。有的寶座固定在殿宇中央地平上，與屏風配套，體形碩大；有的只是后宮暖閣木炕上設(shè)置的坐墊。其形式不同，規(guī)格有別，但體量明顯大于一般坐具。寶座用材，多為紫檀木、黃花梨、酸枝木，裝飾圖案主要有龍紋、云紋、山水、花鳥等。明代的寶座在北京西華門外果園廠御用監(jiān)制。清代寶座除了在造辦處制作以外，還會由宮里出圖紙到地方上去做，并由宮里派到地方的織造等官員來督辦。寶座作為帝王的象征，被賦予了極高的地位。據(jù)說雍正皇帝還專門就寶座頒布過一道上諭。有一次，雍正帝發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾個新進宮的太監(jiān)在掃地的時候，挾持笤帚從寶座前昂然直走，全無敬畏之意。于是傳諭乾清宮等處首領(lǐng)太監(jiān)：要求凡有寶座之處，所有人經(jīng)過時必存一番恭敬之心，急趨數(shù)步方合禮節(jié)，否則將嚴懲治罪。由此可見，在統(tǒng)治者心目中，寶座是何等神圣之物，見寶座如見皇帝。

那我們在參觀故宮博物院時，不管是在三大殿，還是乾清宮、養(yǎng)心殿，或是在東西六宮，請各位在欣賞古代建筑、文物珍藏時，可對其他的寶座多多留意一下，注意觀察一下各宮殿中各式各樣不同的寶座，相信會有收獲的。好了，關(guān)于寶座，我先介紹到這里了，接下來我們?nèi)タ匆豢雌渌恼滟F文物。

第二篇：英語導游詞泉州導游詞

泉州導游詞

Overview of Quanzhou TouristryQuanzhou is a well-known hometown for overseas Chinese and a majority of the Han population in Taiwanese.The total population in the municipality is over 6.7 million.About 9 million of Han nationality in Taiwan are originally from Quanzhou.In recent years, the number of visitors from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao has been increasing.They come back for pilgrimage to their visit ancestors’ graves, visit their families and friends, make investments and conduct busine and sightseeing.This has greatly promoted the social and economic development in Quanzhou.

Quanzhou is one of first 24 important national historic and cultural cities announced by the State Council.From Tang Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, “Citong Port” in Quanzhou was one of the major ports for foreign trade.It was the departure point of “marine silk route” and enjoyed the grand reputation of “l(fā)argest oriental port”.The city has numerous famous scenic spots, cultural and historic relics.Among 399 protected cultural relics in the city, 12 are of state level and 37 are of province level.

1.Chongwu Ancient Town “natural film studio” and “Beidaihe in the South”.It is located at Chongwu Township, the coastal jag in the east of Hui-an County.

The site covers an area of 300 Mu, winding along the coastline, composed of Chongwu ancient town, Hui-an women glamour, the granite carving museum, and Earth Art.The well-preserved T-shaped city wall of Chongwu ancient town is located on just the opposite of the scenic spot.It is regarded as “case of the ancient systematic civil work due to its unique architecture.The area has been listed by provincial tourism Bureau as the key construction project for tourism and announced by Quanzhou Municipal Government as the first batch of famous scenic spots, receiving over one million tourists each year.

2.Qingyuan Mountain Quanzhou is 2 km from the down town and directly acceible by bus.The sight is known as “No.1 Penglai Mountain in Fujian Province” and the “Back garden of Quanzhou”.

The scenic sight covers a total area of 62 km2, consisting Qingyuan Mountain, Jiuri Mountain, Lingshan secret tomb, and Xibeiyang.Qingyuan Mountain has three national key culture relics located on 8 sites.The most attractive site is the giant granite statue of an old gentleman, which is 5.63 meters high, 6.85 meters thick and 8.01 meters wide.Covering an area of 55 m2, it is the largest Taoist granite statue existing at present in China.In addition, there are also Islamic tombs in Song Dynasty, Qifeng rock calligraphy group on Jiuri Mountain, the granite statue of “Sanshifu (Three-generation Buddha)”of Tibetan Buddhism of Yuan Dynasty, the giant granite statue of “Amituofu”, and the Buddhist relics of Hongyi master, the senior monk in modern history, and the Buddhist relics of Hui-an native Guanqin master monk which is brought back from Taiwan.The mountain has gathered rock calligraphies of Taoism, Confucius, Buddhism, Muslim, Muni, as well as many fine calligraphy since Tang and Song Dynasties, hence the name of “Museum of Stone Carving”.

3.Ling Mountain Sacred Tomb

Fengze District Forest Park.It is the best protected Muslim relics existing in China.

Covers an area of 300 m2, the existing tomb is a pagoda shaped Islamic tomb, located in the north and facing the south.The tomb, measuring 2.15 meter long, 1.1 meters wide and 0.6 meters tall, is structured in three layers.On the east, west and north of the tomb are horse-shoe shaped protection cloisters for 9 chambers which are 11 meters wide and 1.04 meters deep.Inside the cloisters, there are 5 monument stones of different dynasties.In front there is a shining-green monument stone carved with Arabic language.On the right it is the monument stone which was laid when Zhenghe came to burn jo sticks before he started the 5th voyage expedition.

To the Arab world, the tomb on the Ling Mountain is the third important sacred tomb, next to Muhammad’s tomb in Mecca and Ari Tomb in Iraq.

4.Qingjing Mosque National key culture relics, it is located in the middle section of Tumen Street, Licheng District, covering an area of 2500 m2.

Qingjing Mosque faces the street in the South, with a pointed dome roof.The dome has three layers: inside, middle and outside.On the external wall, there is a statue on the top, which is carved with “Alcoran” in Arabic.The back wall of the mosque is carved with ancient Arabic script, recording the time of construction and repair and the builders.In the mosque, there is a stone carving of the emperor’s instruction about the protection of the Islamic mosque in Yongle Year 5 of Ming Dynasty (1407).On top of the mosque gate, there is a platform named “platform looking at the moon” which is built with bricks in the shape of dual-square.

5.Kaiyuan Temple National key culture relics, it is a 1000-year old temple, famous in China and overseas.Build in Wuzetian Chuigong Year 2 of Tang Dynasty (Year 686), the temple is Located in the west street of Lincheng District, Quanzhou, Fujian Province.The temple has a history of over 1300 years, covering an area of 78,000 m2.

Kaiyuan Temple is evenly laid in structure.Starting from the gate, there are the Hall of Heaven King, Praying Pavilion, east and west Corridors, the Precious Hall of Great Hero, Ganlujietan, and scripture store-room.The buildings are laid spectacularly and neatly in a line.Inside Kaiyuan Temple, there stood the east pagoda and the west pagoda, which are also called Ziyun couple pagodas.The east pagoda is named Zhenguo Pagoda, which was made from the wood initially and later replaced by the brick at the height of 48.24 meters.The west pagoda is named Renshou pagoda, which was built from the timber sent by Wang Shenzhi, the king of Fujian.It was named “emotal pagoda”.It was replaced by brick structure in the northern Song Dynasty and changed again to stone pagoda in the Southern Song Dynasty at the height of 44.06 meters.The west pagoda was built 10 years earlier than the east pagoda

6.Luoyang Bridge

A National cultural relics located over Luoyang River, 20 km northeast off Quanzhou.The construction of the bridge started in 1053 and was completed in 1059.Its length is 834 meters and width, 7 meters, with 31 piers.On the two sides of the bridge, there are fences, on top of which there stand delicately carved lion stone statues.The bridge is also decorated with 7 pavilions, 9 pagodas and knight statues standing at each end.With the unique architecture, the bridge is famous both at home and abroad and has gained the reputation of “No.1 bridge acro the sea”.On the outside of the bridge, there are 500 carved stone railings and 28 carved stone lions, symbolizing 28 famous craftsmen; and 81 Buddha statues, including the Moon Buddha.On the north of the bridge, there is a courtyard, which is known as the No.1 courtyard in the south of Fujian Province.

7、Anping Bridge A national key culture relic located at Anhai Town of Jingjiang City, Fujian Province, acce to the highway between Fuzhou and Xiamen and the national road No 324.Anping Bridge extends over the bay between Anhai Township of Jingjiang and Shuitou Township of Anhai.The construction of the bridge started in Shaoxing Year 8 of Song Dynasty (1138) and completed in Shaoxing Year 22 (1152).Made of granite piers, the bridge is 2700 meters long and it was the longest bridge in the ancient times, known as “no bridge would be longer than this bridge”.The construction of Anping Bridge is unique, because the original piers were designed in three different shapes: square, semi-boat, and raft.The foundation of the bridge adopted “sunken foundation covered by wood” and wooden piles respectively according to the different earth layer.The surface of the bridge was laid with granite slates of 5-11 meters long and 4.5-25 tons each.The bridge surface was laid by utilizing the rising and falling of the tide.

8.Shiniu Mountain the territory of Dehua, in the middle of Fujian Province and the southeast part of mid Daiyun Mountain range.

Shiniu Mountain is famous for its vicious cliff, strange-shaped rocks, strange-looked trees and mysterious caves.In the park, there are high mountains and a dense forest, with humid climate, excellent natural environment, and bio-diversity.It is a kingdom of plants and paradise of animals.

The major tourism attractions include the main peak of Niushi Mountain, Daixian double water falls, bamboo raft drifting on Taoxian Stream, rubber boat drifting on Shilong Stream, Tadou hot spring, Peach-flower Island, the relics of Fujian Provincial committee building.

9.Niumu Forest Ecological Sightseeing Zone As a National AAAA scenic spot and provincial natural reserve, it is located at Xiayang town, the west of Yongchun County, Quanzhou of Fujian Province.

Niumu forest is the extension of Daiyun Mountain with an attitude of 1,105 meters.It is the largest and best preserved primary forest at present in South China.The main sightseeing area in Niumu forest ecological zone covers 1,000 ha, consisting over 40 scenic spots.The most famous sites are the ecological and scientific popularization museum, orchid garden, Yongchun Tangerine orchard, Qingqian Liule Garden, Cuckoo Castle, board root, strangled killing, parasitic cauline flower, Fujian phoebe trees, yew, foliage, Woniutan, Zhonglidizhu, Konggulaifeng.The entertainment activities offered for tourists include cable sliding at high altitude, gra ski fashion, mock hunting, standard shooting, archery, and jungle field operation.

10.Anxi Qingshui Crag

As National AAAA scenic spot and provincial-level culture relics, it is a tourist attraction and religious shrine, located on Penglai Mountain, 15 km northwest from the Anxi County suburb, the hometown of the Iron Buddha Tea.Covering a total area of 11.1 km2 with the peak reaching the altitude of 767 meters, it consists of the temple and pilgrimage zone, Qiyu (praying for rain) ecological zone, Qinshan Recreation zone and memorial zone.With convenience of transportation, it is about 70 km from Quanzhou, 100 km from Xiamen and 120 km from Zhangzhou.The existing temple was built after 1966 and Qingshui Crag is the burial place of Qingshui master monk, a famous monk in Song Dynasty.There is a belief of Qingshui master monk has a wide influence in the Southern Fujian province, Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries.In Taiwan alone, there are over 200 temples named Qingshui Crag.

Quanzhou Delicacies and Specialities

1.Quanzhou Glutinous Rice Dumpling of Meat Stuffing

The glutinous rice dumplings of meat stuffing are made in a dainty procedure.The ingredients are mainly glutinous rice, together with half-fat pork and other ingredients, such as taro, chestnut, bran shrimp, lotus seed, chicken, ham and bamboo shoots.

2.Quanzhou Yuanhetang Preserved Fruits and Vegetables

Quanzhou Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables are traditional foods, made from different varieties of fruit and vegetables.They enjoy a great reputation all over the world for their sweet and pleasant taste.“Yuanhetang” is a 80-year-old firm proceing preserved fruits and vegetables.Having the function of nourishing the stomach and spleen; promoting appetite, Yuanhetang products are regarded as the best selection for entertaining guests while drinking tea.Overseas Chinese originally from the Southern Fujian Province like to take Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables back to their residential country while people in China like to choose “Yuanhetang” products as souvenirs for their overseas relatives and friends.

3.Anxi Tie Kuan-yin Tea

Anxi Iron Kuanyin Tea also known as heart Kuanyin tea and red shape Kuanyin tea.It is the top quality Wulong Tea, the famous tea produced in Fujian Province.The iron Kuanyin tea produced in Anxi County, Quanzhou Municipality contains a number of biological alkaline, vitamins and tannin, protein and aromatic oil.It has the special function of easing anxiety, improving eyesight, preventing arteriosclerosis and cancer, extending youth and mitigating radiation.

4.Quanzhou Puppet Head

Quanzhou puppets have a complete image in structure.The figures are widely selected from the figures and roles in the folk operas and legends, roughly divided into 5 major types: Sheng (male), Dan (young female), Jing (painted face, male), Mo (middle aged male), Chou (clown, male or female).There are over 300 puppet masks, which display beautiful shapes, vivid drawings, clear characters, unique artistic styles and local images.

5.Hui-an Granite Sculpture

Hui-an granite sculpture is a folk carving craftwork, made from top quality granite (shining-green rock) and carved finely into different sizes of delicate handicrafts, such as round carving, floating carving, line carving, and shadow carving.The granite sculptures produced in Hui-an can be either large as the size which should be lifted and installed by cranes or can be small as the size which can float on the surface of the water.They are beautiful in shape, fine in workmanship, unique in artistic style and strong in local characteristics.Hui-an granite sculpture has a history of 1600 years, well-known as the “home of granite sculptures”.

6.Hui-an Bear Gall

Fujian Guizhentang Pharmacy Development Co.Ltd utilizes the rich resource of bear gall from Qianshan Group and has developed Qianshan brand bear gall products, such as bear gall powder, bear gall health tea and bear gall capsules.The company uses the extracted substances from bear galls with other valuable Chinese herb medicine to develop different varieties of new medicines.Bear galls are bitter in taste and cold in nature, having the function of clearing the heat, relieving spasm, improving eye-sight, and killing worms.According to the Chinese medicine, bear gall is effective in curing red eye disease, sore throat, infantile convulsion of children, indigestion and pain caused by worms.

7.Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven

Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven is a proceed traditional Chinese medicine, which is a light grey coloured block in aromatic smell and slightly sweet taste.Having the functioned in adjusting the stomach, nourishing the spleen, expelling wind-evil, settling indigestion, and promoting appetite, resolving wetne, it can be applied to treat flue and cold, heat exhaustion in summer, stomach-ache caused by indigestion and vomiting and diarrhoea.

8.Quanzhou Rice sculpture

“Zhauggaoren (rice figure)” is made of ground rice (glutinous rice), wheat flour and pigment.The skill of making the rice figures mainly relies on the dexterous fingers.The tools needed are also simple: small sciors, fine comb, gold paper, feathers, bamboo strap and iron thread.The figures made from the dough are generally taken from the stories in four famous major Chinese works, such as “The master travels to the west with his apprentice to obtain scriptures”, “Three brothers in the Peach Orchard”, “Twelve Golden hairpins” and “Wusong kills tiger”.The figures are vivid.After they are made, it takes several days for them to dry under the sunlight, and then paint with a coat of oil to make them shine and to preserve them for a long time.

9.Quanzhou Folk Colour cotta

Quanzhou Folk Colour Cottas are made from paper as figures of ancient operas.The work of making colour cotta is divided into standing work and sitting work.The standing work generally refers to making large scale works, such as “Giant Mountain” “Lingcuo” and “Colour Building while sitting work refers to making fine works, including famous figures, birds and animals.In modern colour cotta techniques, the material is earth, wax, plastics, cloth and silk to enhance the expreive force.The folk colour cotta in Quanzhou has a broad influence in China and overseas.The works of “56 ethnic groups”, “Hui-an maidens”, “Maidens form tea producing area”, “Girls from Fishermen Family”, “Lady of Southern Music” designed by Quanzhou JIngxiu Firm have won excellence prizes on the First China Tourism Souvenir competition, and the prize of the best commodity on the First Fujian Provincial Tourism Fair.

10.Yongchun Painted Bamboo Baskets

Yonghcun painted bamboo baskets are unique traditional handicrafts produced locally.They are made from over 20 raw materials, including gold foil, fine bamboo skin, raw paint, Chinese wood oil, Xiabu, dongfen through over 30 procedures of moulding, boiling, lining, and painting for over two months.There are over 100 varieties of products including flat baskets, patterned baskets and full baskets, shaped in round, ridged, hexagon, oval, as well as fruit boxes and painted plates.

11Yogchun Paper Woven Picture

Yongchun paper woven pictures are a special traditional handicraft, initiated at the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, with a history of over 1400 years.The pictures have been sent to over 40 countries for exhibition, presented to the foreign friends as souvenirs, and have become the “friendship envoy” for the promotion of the diplomatic ties.Yongchun County has been granted by the Ministry of Culture the title “Home of China Paper Woven Pictures” and listed for the protection under the “Folk Art Protection Project”.

12.Dehua Ceramics

Dehua ceramics is the traditional craftwork.It was started in the Tang Dynasty, developed in Song and Yuan Dynasty and made a breakthrough in Ming Dynasty.The white ceramics produced in Dehua have the reputation of being “white as snow, thin as paper, smooth as jade”.Dehua ceramics is famous especially for its statue of Kuanyin which was made by the senior master He Chaosong and named “Helai Kuan” after his name.The “Ivory White” ceramic statue developed by him is a valuable object unparallel in the world, known as the “crown jewel in the international ceramic sector”.

Quanzhou Folk Culture

1.Quanzhou Ceramic culture

“Dehua has many beautiful ceramics”, is how the Italian traveller Marko Polo described Dehua.Porcelain manufacture has a long history in Dehua.Well-known both in China and overseas for its top quality, fine workmanship, the porcelain industry in Dehua is regarded as one of the three major porcelain capitals in China, together with Jingde town of Jiangxi Province and Lilin of Hunan Province.In Ming Dynasty, the “Ivory White” ceramics developed by the great master He Chaozong surprised the world and was named “China White” by the westerners.People describe Dehua top white porcelain as “white as snow, thin as paper, bright as mirror” and describe Dehua Jianbai porcelain as “smooth and transparent as condensed lipid and frozen jade”.The porcelain Kuanyin made in Dehua is called “Oriental Venus”.

2.Culture of Hui-an women costumes

The costume culture of Hui-an women dates back into the ancient China.They wore a yellow scarf, a blue short blouse, silver chain and large trousers, which are unique in the national costume culture.The blue short blouse displays the colour of sea and sky, the yellow bamboo hats symbol the land and beach; the flowery scarf indicates the movement of mountain flowers and sea waves.The blouses are tight and short, exposing the navel, displays their characters of being bold, flexible, but extravert.

The costume of Hui-an women is always focused on the body above the waist, especially on the head decoration which differs in patterns, occasions and ages.When Hui-an women attend weddings or ceremonies, the head decoration should be bright and colourful to display the “happine”.The old women of Hui-an usually have a bob on the back of the head and wear a black scarf with pins decorated with beads and flowers, which displays a unique style.

4.Quanzhou Opera Culture

Dacheng Play

Dacheng play is also named Fashi Play, Monk Play, Douist play and originated from the religion and folk activities in Quanzhou.Formed by combining Buddhist and Taoist activities, it is a religious play, rarely seen in China.The play provides religious services for both Buddhism and Taoism.Dacheng Play was born in Quanzhou and nourished by Quanzhou folk arts, and is especially deeply influenced by thread controlled puppet plays.After emerging as a new play, it has displayed its uniquene in Southern Fujian folk operas due to its super Kongfu and technique.

Dacheng play is known for its kongfu which applies Quanzhou South Shaolin boxing.The opera has preserved lots of folk stunts, acrobatics and dances.By adopting Taoist and Buddhist music, and “Puppet melody” of thread controlled puppets, the music of the opera displays a unique religious charm.

Liyuan Opera

Quanzhou Liyuan opera is a rare and valuable opera in China, because it still preserves the characteristics of Southern opera from Tang and Song Dynasties.Originating in Quanzhou, it has spread to Taiwan and the Southeast Asian Countries in the footsteps of the emigrants from Quanzhou.Having preserved a large repertoire of southern opera from Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Liyuan opera has been called the “l(fā)iving foil” of opera and is one of the oldest operas existing in China.

Liyuan opera is sung by Quan melody.It has preserved a lot of important music from Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty and is closely related with the ancient music -- Southern Tone.The music of Liyuan opera is mainly played by the bamboo flute and string music instruments.

Nanyin (Southern Tone)

Nanyin (Southern tone) is an old and beautiful music and is called the “root of the Chinese national music”.Quanzhou is the cradle of the Southern tone.It has become very popular, after it was enriched, matured and optimized by absorbing the strengths from Central China culture, Fujian culture and maritime culture.Embedded in Quanzhou, Southern tone has not only extended to Southern Fujian Province where Southern Fujian dialect is spoken, but also spread to the Southeast Asian countries, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.By paing from one generation to another, it has become increasingly popular as a “home tone” full of strong paion for the loving the hometown and the motherland.Many Chinese and foreign scholars have complimented Quanzhou southern tone as the “treasure in the Chinese claic music”.

第三篇：導游麗江導游詞

云南麗江有著寧靜的古城，美麗的山水，是人們放松閑暇的旅游好去處，以下是小編整理的麗江導游詞，歡迎參考閱讀！

麗江導游詞

1各位嘉賓，大家好，我是大家今天的導游，我叫張星。大家可以叫我小張。現(xiàn)在我將要帶大家去游覽的景點，是麗江最著名的景點-古城。麗江地處金沙江上游，歷史悠久，風光秀美，自然環(huán)境雄偉，是古代羌人的后裔、納西族的故鄉(xiāng)。古城海拔2，400米，是麗江納西族自治縣的中心城市，是中國歷史文化名城之一，是國家重點風景名勝區(qū)。我們要順著從古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水來到被稱作為“高原姑蘇”“東方威尼斯”的古城。在此各位嘉賓就會想，我怎能口出狂言，敢把這高原小城稱得如此夸張，其實一點都沒有被我夸大，古城就是因為有玉泉水貫穿全城由古城分成西河、中河、東河三條支流，再分成無數(shù)股支流。城內(nèi)亦有多處龍?zhí)?、泉眼出水。古城利用這種有利的條件，街道自由布局，不求網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工整，主街傍河，小巷臨渠，清澈的泉水穿街流鎮(zhèn)，穿墻過屋，“家家流水，戶戶垂楊”的詩意是這座古城的真實寫照，這里雖是云貴高原小鎮(zhèn)，卻頗有江南水鄉(xiāng)的特色。

大研鎮(zhèn)

古城又叫大研鎮(zhèn)，它由大研、白沙、束河三部分組成，大研古城是它們的集中代表，所以人們常常把它叫作大研古城或大研鎮(zhèn)。而且大研古城位于麗江盆地的中心，古城的西南角聳立著酷似書天巨筆的文筆鋒，麗江盆地則象一方碧玉做成的大硯臺，古時“研”和“硯”相通，所以古城叫大研。

水車

說話間我們便到了古城，城口最引人注意的應該是一雙水車吧，有人說它是子母水車，也有人說它是情人水車。水車又稱孔明車，是我國最古老的農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉工具，是先人們在征服世界的過程中創(chuàng)造出來的高超勞動技藝，是珍貴的歷史文化遺產(chǎn)。相傳為漢靈帝時華嵐造出雛形，經(jīng)三國時孔明改造完善后在蜀國推廣使用，隋唐時廣泛用于農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉，至今已有1700余年歷史。而古城的水車如果僅僅是作為一個地標建筑和觀賞作用。過去古城里就有水車，以古城大水車為代表，今天在一些偏遠之地也在使用。它可以用來舂米磨面，如果人住在高處，但水在低處流，還可以用它來提水。

說到古城的過去，一般認為麗江建城始于宋末元初。公元1253年，忽必烈(元世祖)南徵大理國時，就曾駐軍于此。由此開始，直至清初的近五百年里，麗江地區(qū)皆為中央王朝管轄下的納西族木氏先祖及木氏土司(1382年設(shè)立)世襲統(tǒng)治。其間，曾遍游云南的明代地理學家徐霞客(1587--1641)，在《滇游日記》中描述當時麗江城“民房群落，瓦屋櫛比”，明末古城居民達千余戶，可見城鎮(zhèn)營建已頗具規(guī)模。古城至今已有八百多年的歷史，面積3.8平方公里，常住人口約三萬人，1986年成為國家級歷史文化名城，1997年又被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)，古城除了同蘇州古城一樣具有“小橋流水人家”的特色外，還在古城選址、街道和房屋布局、納西民居等方面別具一格。

麗江的世界文化遺產(chǎn)由白沙古鎮(zhèn)、束河古鎮(zhèn)和大研古鎮(zhèn)三部分組成，但對于各位嘉賓來說，吸引力最大的是大研古鎮(zhèn)，古城的入口很多，大家隨著我從右邊的入口進入，看見了顯眼的水車后，緊接著右邊是寫有江民主席題詞的照壁，古城里有富有納西族建筑特色的三房一照壁民居。

再往右是水龍柱，龍是管水的，古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以這個水龍柱代表古城人民免除火災的愿望。千百年來，古城人民象愛護自己的眼睛一樣愛護古城，也請各位朋友象古城人民一樣愛護古城，不亂扔煙頭垃圾。再看世界文化遺產(chǎn)標志，圓圈代表地球、自然，方框代表人類創(chuàng)造的文明，圓圈和方框相連，代表人與自然要和諧統(tǒng)一，古城就是人與自然和諧統(tǒng)一的杰作。右邊的這些石刻稱得上是麗江的“清明上河圖”，是一幅濃郁的納西風情畫。我們腳下是“巴格圖”，是納西先民根據(jù)五行學說創(chuàng)造的，東巴祭司常用它來定方位和占卜等。

小張在古城給大家講了那么多，大家也看了那么多，但是馬上就要進入古城了，怎么就沒有看到城門呢？其實各位嘉賓是看不到的，這也是古城的一奇，即看不到城門，也看不到城墻，因為古城根本沒有城墻和城門，因為納西族的頭領(lǐng)姓“木”，如果建了城墻和城門就變成了“困”字，所以古城沒有城墻，也沒有城門了。

四方街

各位嘉賓心目中一定有這樣一個問題，像這樣的古城在中國有的是，為什么這個高原上的偏僻的古城竟有這么大的魅力呢？想要得到答案，各位嘉賓請隨小張一同去游覽一翻。一條小巷、一戶人家，一不小心你就站在了一百年的歷史上了，這種感覺，在路上、在各個庭院中，您隨處都能感受到。所以這座古城不是因為拍戲或是故弄玄虛而建的，它是一座真實的活著的古城，不信您看看腳下，您就會覺得比剛才走的路光滑多了，一塊塊的五花石板，象是有許多碎石沾在一起，它是一種麗江特有的樂角巖，采自周圍的山上，因為五顏六色，所以當?shù)厝朔Q五花石，人行馬踏，經(jīng)過幾百年，磨得光滑透亮，雨水一流，詩意就在你腳下了，這條街就叫新華街。在街道兩旁，偶爾會看到一些人家門上貼有不同顏色的對聯(lián)，納西族有人仙逝,都要紀念三年，第一年白聯(lián)黑字，第二年綠聯(lián)黑字，第三年貼對聯(lián)，這是納西人對死去親人的懷念。經(jīng)過一些林立的鋪面，清澈的河水，小橋垂柳便印入大家眼簾，而在各位都沒有見過的這么清澈的河邊看到了一排排的桌椅和一陣陣的音樂傳入耳中，這便是客人所謂的“洋人街”，但這條街上的鋪面并非洋人所開，這里的酒吧又書生氣的，有叛逆性的，有純生意性的，各人可各取所需。城市里的人到麗江“充電”的方便之處就是在酒吧找感覺，尤其以外國人為多。有知己朋友，有小橋流水，只要不醉，人生是可找到一刻逍遙的。在經(jīng)過酒吧街之后便看到了一座小石橋，因為早先在這里賣豌豆，所以稱為豌豆橋，橋西的小門樓便是科貢坊。

科貢坊的名源于坊后小巷，清朝嘉慶年間，巷內(nèi)楊家有兩兄弟同時中舉，到道光年間，弟弟又中舉，此事是麗江人得意之事，官府為了表彰楊家，激勵來者，特立此坊。

站在這里向東望去，眼前一片開闊，這便是中心四方街，四方街是古城的中心廣場，占地約五畝，為什么叫四方街，主要有兩種說法，一種說法是因為廣場的形狀很象方形的知府大印，由土司取名叫四方街，取“權(quán)鎮(zhèn)四方”之意，也有人說這里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流，物流集散地，所以叫四方街，那么四方街為什么這樣有名呢？如果說我國北方有一條世界聞名的貿(mào)易通道——絲綢之路的話，我國南方也有一條被稱為“茶馬古道”的貿(mào)易通道，它是藏區(qū)以及麗江的馬匹、皮毛、藏藥等特產(chǎn)和南方的茶葉、絲綢、珠寶等商品的一條貿(mào)易通道，古城是茶馬古道上的重鎮(zhèn)，四方街則是這個重鎮(zhèn)的貿(mào)易中心，從古到今，四方街都是一個露天集市，這個集市從開始至今有三百年的歷史，要體會到四方街的一天才能領(lǐng)略到其中的奧妙，清晨，早起的人們開始買早點，是朦朦朧朧正在伸賴腰的四方街；中午，買銅、買山貨、買小吃的商販組成繁榮的市面，這是精力旺盛的四方街；天剛黑，生意人回家了，又經(jīng)過一次摩擦的五花石板還剩著人和陽光的余溫，在橋頭曬太陽的老人換成了孩童嬉戲，兩側(cè)酒吧又透出夜色的油光，這是化了妝的四方街；凌晨兩點左右，四方街人去街空，小巷深不測，只有流水之聲高低起伏，這是素面朝天的麗江。

走進麗江彩石鋪成的古老街道，漫游鎮(zhèn)北商業(yè)中心四方街，便見河渠流水淙淙，河畔垂柳拂水，市肆民居或門前架橋，或屋后有溪，街頭巷尾無數(shù)涓涓細流，穿墻繞戶蜿蜒而去。這股股清流都來自城北象山腳下的玉泉。城內(nèi)早年依地下涌泉修建的白馬龍?zhí)逗投嗵幘两裆写?，人們?chuàng)造出“一潭一井三塘水”的用水方法，即頭塘飲水、二塘洗菜、三塘洗衣，清水順序而下，既科學又衛(wèi)生。居民還以水洗街，只要放閘堵河，水溢石板路面順勢下泄，便可滌盡污穢，保持街市清潔。

“麗君從來喜植樹，山城無處不飛花”，麗江男人一生有三件大事：蓋房子、娶媳婦、曬太陽。麗江男人對種花、養(yǎng)鳥、寫字、畫畫、打麻將有著特別的嗜好和特別多的時間，男人擅長一切在院內(nèi)的活動，除此之外，他們最愛的一項戶外活動便是坐客，而納西女人一年當中只有在大年初一才能睡一天的懶覺。從“盼吉妹”到“阿奶”眨眼的功夫卻單純的只有兩個字，那就是“勤勞”，納西女人從早到晚干活，從體力活到小生意，從收拾田地到殺豬，從縫補衣服到生火做飯，個個像下凡的仙女，而男人們則閑了下來，這一閑就不得了。納西人中文人輩出，令人目不暇接，不能不說是納西女人養(yǎng)出了納西文化。

古城民居

納西族善于學習也可反映在古城的民居建筑上。古城民居在廣泛吸收漢、藏、白等民族建筑風格的同時，也把本民族的建筑文化和審美意識融于其中，形成了許多具有納西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一進數(shù)院等建筑風格，并在門樓、前廊的設(shè)置和天井鋪地、六合門及其裝飾等方面形成了濃郁的地方特色和民族特色。

如果問四合院里哪一部份最富有特色，那就是堂屋的六合門和六合門上的窗蕊—“四季博古”。雖說這些也是學習漢、藏、白等民族文化的結(jié)果。但是到了現(xiàn)在，已沒有哪一個民族像納西族這樣每家都必有六合門和“四季博古”。您看這六合門，可裝可卸，方便靈活，開則為門，閉則為窗。平時只開中間兩扇，如遇家中有紅、白事客人較多，行走不方便時，則六扇門均可卸下。六合門上所雕的窗蕊稱為“四季博古”，構(gòu)圖上用名花異卉，吉鳥瑞獸、美好典故，以此寄托納西人民四季吉祥、福祿壽喜、耕讀傳家的美好意愿。大家看到這六扇門上都有各自不同的圖案，這是“松鶴同春”、寓“春”和“壽”，這是“喜鵲爭梅”、寓“冬”和“喜”，這是“鷹立菊叢”、寓“秋”和“福”，這是“鷺鷥天蓮”、寓“夏”和“祿”，這是“孔雀玉蘭”、“錦雞牡丹”，請大家都想想看它們都分別代表了什么寓意。

穿過了五一街便看到了許多小橋，在我們腳下這座小石橋大家不防坐下來休息一下，看到橋旁“百歲坊”字樣，不難猜測這就是百歲坊，試想一下百歲坊的由來，只要想百歲坊與老人有關(guān)，就對了。

木府

各位朋友，我們下面要去游覽的地方是木府。木府是古城文化“大觀園”。 納西族木氏土司歷經(jīng)元、明、清三朝22世，共470年，史稱其“知詩書，好禮守儀”。木府原系麗江世襲土司木氏衙署，“略備于元，盛于明”。徐霞客嘆木府曰：“官室之麗，擬于王者?！蹦靖畾v經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂動蕩的損毀，于1998年春重建，并在府內(nèi)設(shè)立了古城博物館。

修復重建的木府占地46畝，坐西向東，沿中軸線依地勢建有“天雨流芳”木牌坊、忠義坊。儀門、前議事廳、萬卷樓、護法殿、光碧樓、玉音樓、三清殿、配殿、閣樓、戲臺、過街樓、家院、走廊、關(guān)驛共16幢，大大小小記162間。衙內(nèi)掛有幾代皇帝欽賜的十一塊匾額，上書“忠義”、“誠心報國”、“輯寧邊境”等。木府分為前后兩院，從儀門進去有議事廳、萬卷樓、護法殿，這是“前院”，也就是正院；而玉花園及光碧樓、玉音樓、三清殿一直到獅子山則在“后院”。前后兩院中間由過街樓貫樓。過街樓是一道長長的長廊通道，透過窗戶，可以看見繁華的街市，樓下是一條寬敞的通道。

木牌坊上大書的“天雨流芳”四字，乃納西語“讀書去”的諧音，體現(xiàn)納西族推崇知識的靈心慧性；忠義牌坊又叫石牌坊，這座結(jié)構(gòu)宏偉、雕刻精湛的石雕建筑遠近聞名，民間有“大理三塔寺，麗江石牌坊”的說法；議事廳端莊寬敞，氣勢恢宏，是土司議政之殿；萬卷樓集兩千年文化遺產(chǎn)之精粹，千卷東巴經(jīng)、百卷大藏經(jīng)、六公土司詩集、眾多名士書畫，皆是翰林珍奇，學苑瑰寶；護法殿又稱后議事廳，是土司議家事之殿；光碧樓乃后花園門樓，史稱其建筑“稱甲滇西”；玉音樓是接圣旨之所和歌舞宴樂之地；三清殿是木氏土司推崇道家精神得產(chǎn)物。而獅山古柏深處，還有土司祭祀天、祖、大自然的場所。木府充分體現(xiàn)了納西民族廣納多元文化的開放精神。

木府是一座輝煌的建筑藝術(shù)之苑，它充分體現(xiàn)了明代中原建筑的風采，同時保留了唐宋中原建筑中古樸粗獷的流風余韻，而其坐西朝東，府內(nèi)溝壑縱橫，活水長流的布局，則又見納西傳統(tǒng)文化之精神。

游到這里，各位對古城可算得上是大飽眼福了。那么我們的游覽呢到此也就結(jié)束了。各位如果有興趣呢還可以去了解一下我們麗江的納西古樂和東巴文化。我在這里呢就要跟大家說再見了，接下來的時間各位就可以自由活動了，希望各位能玩的開心，游得盡興。

麗江導游詞

2親愛的游客朋友們大家好，很高興與大家相聚在美麗的古城。我代表我們“神游”旅行社誠摯地歡迎你們家到來。我是今天的導游員，我的名字非常好記，徐悲鴻的“徐”，大家叫我小徐就行了。在今天的行程中如果有什么需要幫忙的盡管對小徐講，小徐時刻待命為大家服務。

大家是不是第一次到麗江來??？（是!）好，我們現(xiàn)在就去揭開麗江神秘的面紗。

古城又名大研鎮(zhèn)，與歷史文化名城的四川閬中、山西平遙、安徽歙縣并稱為“保存最為完好的四大古城”。它位于麗江壩中部，北依象山、金虹山、西枕獅子山，東南面臨數(shù)十里的良田闊野。歷史悠久，風光秀美，自然環(huán)境雄偉，是古代羌人的后裔、納西族的故鄉(xiāng)。

親愛的游客們看來今天我們這個團隊身體素質(zhì)都非常棒啊，大家知不知我們現(xiàn)在所處的位臵海拔有多高？古城海拔2400米，也就是說我們現(xiàn)在在海拔2400米的地方。大家都沒有出現(xiàn)高原反應，非常好。走進大研鎮(zhèn)，大家有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)大研鎮(zhèn)沒有城墻，據(jù)說因為古代麗江世襲的統(tǒng)治者均姓木，若筑城墻、木字加上框便成了“困”字、因而古城沒有城墻。我們走在麗江彩石鋪成的街道上可以看見一座座古樸的民居，當?shù)氐木用褚阅臼c泥土構(gòu)筑起美觀適用的住宅，融入了漢、白、藏民居的傳統(tǒng)，我們現(xiàn)在看見的就是三坊一照壁”式民宅，即主房、廂房與壁圍成的三合院。每房三間兩層，朝南的正房供長輩居住，東西廂房一般由下輩住用。房屋多檐下，裝飾一塊魚形或葉狀木片，名曰“懸魚”，以祈“吉慶有余”。但在這樸素的民居中，也隱藏著一座宮殿，那就是木府大院，木府大院是一座仿紫禁城的納西宮廷式建筑，可以說得上是氣勢恢宏，然而這里面住的不是慈禧，而是納西族的世襲統(tǒng)治者木府家族。城內(nèi)早年依地下涌泉修建的白馬龍?zhí)逗投嗵幘两裆写妫藗儎?chuàng)造出“一潭一井三塘水”的用水方法，即頭塘飲水、二塘洗菜、三塘洗衣，清水順序而下，既科學又衛(wèi)生。居民還以水洗街，只要放閘堵河，水溢石板路面順勢下泄，便可滌盡污穢，保持街市清。

古城，以江南水鄉(xiāng)般的美景，別具風貌的布局及建筑風格特色，被譽為“東方威尼斯”，“高原姑蘇”等稱號。但古城沒有寒山寺的鐘聲，卻有著動聽優(yōu)美的音樂。麗江納西人歷來重教尚文，許多人擅長詩琴書畫。在古城多彩的節(jié)慶活動中，除了民族歌舞和鄉(xiāng)土戲曲，業(yè)余演奏的“納西古樂”最為著名。我們一路走來都聽到了優(yōu)美的音樂，大家肯定想不到這些樂曲都是由七八十歲的老人彈奏出來的吧？他們有“納西壽星樂團”的美譽。納西古樂中，最著名的是大型組曲“北石細里”，據(jù)諧音俗稱“別時謝禮”，漢譯“白沙細樂”。白沙細樂相傳忽必烈當年南征過麗江，納西酋長麥良到渡口相迎，二人結(jié)為知交。臨別時，忽必烈留下半支樂隊，他們與納西樂工共同創(chuàng)作的。

聞名于世的麗江壁畫，分布在古城及周圍15座寺廟內(nèi)，這些明清壁畫，具有多種宗教及各教派內(nèi)容融合并存的突出特點。遺存于麗江白沙村大寶積宮的大型壁畫《無量壽如來會》，把漢傳佛教、藏傳佛教和道教的百尊神佛像繪在一起，反映了納西族宗教文化的特點。

請大家往麗江城的西北看，我們可以看到一座雄偉的雪山，這座山叫做“玉龍山?！敝鞣搴?596米，雪山終年積雪，至今尚未被人類征服，還是一座處女峰。在納西族的傳說中，玉龍山是“三朵神”的化身，所以在納西人心目中玉龍山是一座神山。玉龍山上不僅有奇特的雪景，因其山體氣候的垂直分布，植被和自然景觀也極其豐富。雪山下有草甸，牦牛在廣闊的原始森林旁悠然散步，遠處的木屋里不時傳出納西姑娘的歌聲，冰川，峽谷，瀑布，還有漫山的杜鵑花，玉龍山可以被稱為世外桃源??！

但是，玉龍雪山不輕易被人看到她白雪皚皚的頂峰，因為她很容易被云霧遮住，只有當太陽出來時，才會打開讓您一睹芳容，但很快又沒有了。

在玉龍雪山景區(qū)內(nèi)，從云杉坪索道處往下步行幾百米便可以到白水河。白水河有打扮得花枝招展的牦牛，游客朋友們注意這些牦牛不是免費的，同它合影或騎行，每次收費10元。白水河的對面有一塊草坪，它叫做云杉坪。杉坪納西語稱“吾魯游翠閣”，意為“玉龍山中的殉情之地”。

玉龍山的一側(cè)有一個巨大的峽谷，虎跳峽，又稱“金沙劈流”。金沙江穿峽而過，江面險窄，最窄處僅有30米，相傳老虎能一躍過江，故稱“虎跳峽”。全峽長約16公里，高差3900米，全長分上虎跳、中虎跳、下虎跳三段，有18個險灘錯落排列在峽谷中，平均不到一里就有一個。浪濤翻卷，勝過著名的美國科羅拉多大峽谷。為世界最深的峽谷之一。此外在虎跳峽沿江的巖壁上，有12個珍貴的古巖畫魚，使這條世界大峽谷又添奇觀。如果能穿夠越這樣一條峽谷，所有的驚險，壯闊，山川的秀美及困難都經(jīng)歷了，那么世界上就沒有什么好畏懼的了。

好了，我們現(xiàn)在去下一個景點。位于麗江城西8千米處有一個高原湖泊，也是麗江縣境內(nèi)最大的湖泊，“拉什?！?。山水相映，碧翠環(huán)抱是它的特征，拉市海每年都引來越冬的水鳥，有調(diào)查顯示，這片水域每年有3萬只左右的水鳥來此越冬，其中包括斑頭雁、中華秋沙鴨、黑頸鶴、天鵝、白鷺等57種鳥類和珍稀瀕危鳥類。這里已建立了包括拉市海在內(nèi)的4個高原濕地自然保護區(qū)。這里是候鳥的樂園。

拉什海旁邊的這條古路叫做啊“茶馬古道”,是過去交通不便時，商人販運茶葉鹽巴去藏區(qū)換毛皮等物的地方。走在茶馬古道上必須經(jīng)過一個古鎮(zhèn)，束河古鎮(zhèn)，它是“茶馬古道”上保存完好的重要集鎮(zhèn)，是納西族從農(nóng)耕文明向商業(yè)文明過渡的活標本，古鎮(zhèn)核心保護區(qū)面積約一平方公里，有1000多戶人家，3000多人。束河，即是古城的重要組成部分，它依山傍水，建立于明代萬歷年間的大石橋，大覺宮，至今還保存完好，這些多元的文化景觀，都是古城的補充與延伸。

如果說古城已變成越來越熱鬧的城市的話，束河古鎮(zhèn)就可以說是一個真正寧靜的世外山村。

剛才我們看過了高原湖泊--拉什海，俗話說“好事成雙”，美景更是成雙成對的出現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在我們來看看拉什海大的“妹妹”，瀘沽湖。瀘沽湖因當?shù)啬λ笳Z稱“落水”為“瀘沽”，因而得名。瀘沽湖總面積77700余畝，最深處達90米，為云南省第二深水湖。這里的人們都說瀘沽湖是天堂滴下的雨露，一天之中變幻無窮，日出時分，湖水是舍紅的，太陽冉冉升起，周圍山川倒映其中，湖水又變成了翠綠的，夕陽西下，風平浪靜，湖水又變成了墨綠色的，到了晚上，天上星星閃動，湖面更是波光粼粼。

瀘沽湖四周崇山峻嶺，一年有三個月以上的積雪期。瀘沽湖森林資源豐富，風光秀美，青山四合。獨木舟是湖區(qū)主要交通工具。瀘沽湖畔居住著摩梭人，至今仍保留著母系社會的生活方式，男不娶，女不嫁，各自居住母家，家中以“母親”為首，以“女性”為主，是神奇的“東方女兒國“，過去有許多游客對這樣的婚俗很好奇，便追著摩梭人問，其實這是對她們的不尊重，小徐當然相信這樣的事情不會在我們的隊伍里出現(xiàn)。

（我看今天我們這個團隊里有幾位男士，請問你們看過三國演義嗎？好的，那么知道諸葛亮“五月渡瀘”的故事發(fā)生在哪里嗎？沒錯就是麗江。）萬里長江從青藏高原南下，其上游金沙江到了麗江縣石鼓鎮(zhèn)，突然掉頭北轉(zhuǎn)，形成了V形的大灣，這就是著名的長江第一灣。這里水流很急，地理位臵十分重要，是歷史上兵家必爭之地。忽必烈就是從這里南下，恢復的大理，紅二方面軍也是從這里渡江北上。但由于江面寬闊，看過去江水平緩如鏡。江灣兩岸綠柳依依，白云藍天下群山隱隱，不遠處就是整齊劃一的田原、炊煙裊裊的村鎮(zhèn)，在這樣一片高原上竟有如江南水鄉(xiāng)一般的景致，讓人嘖嘖稱奇。長江第一灣不僅是麗江的重要風景名勝區(qū)，而且是進入老君山景區(qū)的咽喉重地。

既然提到了老君山風景區(qū)我們必須得去看一看，為什么叫老君山呢？相傳這里是太上老君是煉丹的地方。從萬里長江第一灣，溯江而上，就到了被譽為“滇省眾山之祖”的老君山。九十九龍?zhí)?、丹霞地貌、黎明被稱為該風景區(qū)三絕。常言說：“人非圣賢，孰能無過”，難道圣賢就沒有犯錯的嗎？傳說太上老君煉丹經(jīng)過此地時誤落寶鏡，形成山頂99個清潭子，挨了玉皇大帝一頓臭罵。但99個清潭到今天演化成個清澈見底的龍?zhí)叮瑢τ谖覀儊碚f可是好事??！再說黎明，難不成是因大明星黎明而得名嗎？開個玩笑！黎明之奇在于這里的太陽一天三次升起又三次落下。因為這里有三座異形高峰前后相錯，并且一峰比一峰高，每年農(nóng)歷冬至日前后約兩個月時間里，每天上午約八點半，太陽從第一座山峰右腰部升起，緩緩向右上爬升，約半小時后隱入第二座山峰后，這時剛剛才迎來“日出”的黎明街馬上又“日落”，一會兒，太陽第二次從第二座山峰右側(cè)升出，半小時后又隱入山峰后，再過半小時后太陽第三次從第三座山峰右側(cè)上部升起。短短時間看到三次“日出”、“日落”，這種輝煌壯麗的奇景，也許只有在黎明這個地方，才能領(lǐng)略得到。麗江老君山丹霞地貌區(qū)

丹霞風光不僅分布廣，面積大，而且山體壯觀、景色絢麗、發(fā)育典型，具有頂平、身陡、麓緩的明顯特點。相當于1.4個廣東丹霞山，是國內(nèi)面積最大、發(fā)育最完整的丹霞地貌

康熙微服私訪記里有個石頭記，麗江卻有個石頭城，他就是寶山石頭城。歷史上把這里稱作是“百戶人家一石居”，為什么有這么一說呢？如果不是我們今天親眼所見，也許永遠想不到108戶人家在一塊面積僅0.5平方公里的天然巨石上生活。進入城內(nèi)，依石而建的人家瓦頂毗鄰，按“五橫三縱”的自然格局分布，房子的柱子，房檐取自自然之石，不足為奇，奇的是屋里的，桌，灶，床，甚至舀水的栗瓜都是用天然石料改造而成的。寶山石城還有一個奇特的洞穴，“滴血求子洞”洞內(nèi)泉水常年不斷，泉水乳白色，這里的人們都說如果婚后不離的或只生女不生男的，滴一滴血，便可靈驗。

親愛的游客朋友們我們的旅程到這里就結(jié)束了，感謝大家對小徐本次工作的支持。小徐有什么不足之處還希望大家多提寶貴意見。預祝大家歸途愉快。

第四篇：導游詞白水寨導游詞

白水寨景區(qū)導游詞

歡迎各位來到增城白水寨省級風景名勝區(qū)，來這里旅游主要是順著海船木棧道觀千尺瀑，嘆大氧吧，做活神仙，登高攬勝，溯溪探險。瀑布落差達428．5米，是全國內(nèi)地落差最大的，這里是全生態(tài)體驗，讓仁者喜山，穩(wěn)重如山，讓智者樂水，上善若水。

進了驗票口，屹立在我們眼前的是天南第一梯，是尋天仙的嶺南第一梯，為什么說尋仙呢？因為這是接近我們白水仙瀑的第一道梯，此梯兩柱擎天，各高18米，周長1.8米 ，有8個字：登之彌高，有仙則靈。取自孔子“仰之彌高”和劉禹錫的“有仙則名”從這個天梯入口至海拔828米的白水仙瀑總長度6692米，19000多步，連接三個山頭、兩大天池，共9999級，分為尋仙、怡景、知難、攬勝、勇士、登峰六段梯，其中登山主線入口到瀑布頂?shù)你逶仆?338米，即3699級，被中國登山協(xié)會一眼看中，定為登山活動基地。2005年11月26日廣東首屆國際旅游文化節(jié)中的中國廣州（增城）登山旅游節(jié)，我國第一個登上珠穆朗瑪峰的王富洲、女子第一個登上珠峰的藏族女運動員潘多、在校大學生第一個登上珠峰的次落等、亦象你們一樣，登上了白水寨峰。因為山在那里，我們有著輝煌的登山歷史，登山是一種勇敢者的有氧戶外運動，它能全面鍛煉人的體格，培養(yǎng)刻苦耐勞和集體主義精神，是自我的超越，使極限的挑戰(zhàn)。人渴望通過艱苦的攀登磨練自己，向往站在峰巔與大自然對話，只想面對永恒的大自然，與山的世界融為一體。游客在登山中步步高升，邊觀賞仙女瀑布，邊吸納峽谷靈氣，邊感受大自然美景，邊盡享旅游健身之樂。白水寨每年一次的登山節(jié)的主題是：“魅力增城，荔鄉(xiāng)仙境，生態(tài)體驗，登高攬勝”，是為都市人休閑度假、體驗野趣、強身健體，量身訂做的生態(tài)旅游度假目的地。

岔路走左邊，離開干燥乏味的花崗巖石階，大家就看到我們白水寨特有的海船木棧道了。鋪設(shè)棧道的海船木形狀長度各異，顏色或深或淺，身上還有大小不

一、排列參差的孔眼以及黝黑發(fā)亮的鉚釘，海船木的本來面貌得以完整保留，與白水寨主打的原生態(tài)環(huán)境配合得恰到好處。由于海船隨時都要和強勁的風浪對抗，所以在制作時必須采用厚實的木材為原料，而鋪設(shè)棧道的木材經(jīng)過海水幾十年甚至上百年的浸泡和沖壓之后，品質(zhì)堅韌耐磨，并形成了防水、防蟲的天然保護性。白水寨的海船木棧道順著山谷、貼著溪流、迎著瀑布而建，兩旁是數(shù)之不盡的參天古樹，在和暖的陽光照耀下，滿眼青翠，棧道曲曲折折，沿途經(jīng)過白水寨的會仙橋、雙龍匯、觀瀑臺等多個原生態(tài)的景點，棧道下是淙淙的溪水，溪流布滿嶙峋的石頭，仿如大自然灑落的一顆顆黑珍珠，在石頭的阻隔下，溪水一時平靜如池，一時湍急如潮，整個棧道處于山環(huán)水抱之中。來到這里，大家抬頭看到三座在樹上的屋子，是瞭望臺，每逢黃金周我們就請當?shù)氐目图疑礁璞硌萑藛T在上面對唱，嘹亮的歌聲加上潺潺的水聲在山間形成美妙的旋律，令人流連忘返。走過鵝卵石砌成的小路，就接上海船木棧道了，棧道兩邊的扶手是用增城特產(chǎn)：荔枝，的樹干做的，不但美觀，而且防腐性強，有特色，和海船木棧道配起來真是相得益彰。不知不覺地，我們就來到會仙橋了，這里是299級，可以看到瀑布的全相。增城宋女道人單縣君在羅浮山會仙橋旁的沖虛古觀曾題詩：地景物心閑日月，山高舉手近星辰。時有仙人緣云上，九霄飄忽響韶韻。這首詩簡直亦是為白水寨寫的。山上舉手可以摘白云，但請你上了山不要摘云，因云上有仙女在那里唱歌彈琴，白水仙瀑可能就是那位登山高手高抬貴手摘下仙女站著的一片云，才讓仙女跌落幾百米深的山崖，化成白水仙瀑。這也是白水仙瀑名稱的由來?，F(xiàn)在，我們繼續(xù)走棧道，它全長近1000米，有吊橋和浮橋相映成趣，看，前面就是一條小吊橋，因為那邊還有一條大的相接著，所以這里稱為子孫橋。沿路這里都有嘻水區(qū)，大家也可以下去洗洗手啊，泡泡腳的，感受一下這自然山水的清涼。大家請看左邊，這塊是仙照長廊回音壁。這是從化至龍門永漢斷裂帶南昆山脈東南段，沿著這組斷裂帶有幾處熱泉群。在這南面的高灘，有很多處溫泉，在這東面山棗壇，村頭村尾有溪邊溫泉，水溫28°至73°，日出水量3400噸，高灘、云棗壇合稱高山溫泉。我市市長朱澤君作詞，劉青作曲，中國音樂學院著名歌唱家張也唱了動人一曲的《高山溫泉》（附歌）。在南昆山脈的西南段龍門縣永漢有多個溫泉，仙照長廊回音壁是斷裂帶中的一個斷層，是神仙宮殿里的一個照壁，宋代增城綠原道人單縣君女士曾寫下《題壁詩》:摳衣步入軒轅界，身世翩翩物外游。軒轅界指仙界，羅浮仙人軒轅集，曾試劍斬開大封門的封門石，我們登上山頂后坐車精細坑路出溫南公路就會經(jīng)過兩塊巨石劈開的山門，這就是軒轅試劍石，在試劍石的中央是白水寨風景名勝區(qū)的第二個有回音的地方，第三個有回音的地方在我們白水寨風景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)的舊高埔八字門祠堂。前面是一條浮橋，走上去感覺和吊橋大不相同，像在船里走，妙極了。一直向前走就來到我們棧道上最漂亮的一個景點---雙龍匯，這里也是這條棧道的中段，瀑布來到這里被中間的巨石擋住，只好往兩旁流下，再加上這里的落差和下面的水潭，就像兩條飛龍轉(zhuǎn)進水里。大家也可以在這里望瀑祈福，誠心點，說不定會靈驗喔！

再走上一點可以看到剛才分開瀑布水流的大石頭，像是一只烏龜，正露出水面呢！中國十大易學獎的主曾偉先生還在這里預言了五句：上有龍馬頭，下有神龜游，中間一個太極軸，誰能參得透，子孫代代出公侯。這是從風水的角度來講的，白水寨左有青龍，右有白虎，前有朱雀，后有玄武，遠山近水，群山環(huán)繞，層林疊翠。白水寨的瀑布天上來，就像飛龍下九天。這是一個難得的，完整的風水格局。所以白水寨的脈氣很盛，是中國的南脈之門，是龍脈之門。來到1299級是觀瀑臺。這里是知難梯的第一景。山因水而活，水因瀑布而有靈氣，這里的靈氣是什么，是水靈和淘氣？你們女的才水靈，男的才淘氣。這里的靈氣是指水因為瀑布而有了靈魂和氣勢，因為有靈魂而可敬，因為有氣勢而可畏，那她可不可親近呢？觀瀑臺就給了你一個親近瀑布的機會和條件。不但可以觀瀑，而且可以聽瀑，甚至可以走到白龍騰飛處感受大山的靈魂，瀑布的搏動。

在1299級處左下方是白龍騰飛。如果覺得太累，可象白龍那樣騰飛回去，沿登山石階下去899級的車站，坐電瓶車回登山廣場。當然，知難而進更好，前面旁門左道，曲徑通幽而不幽，可見白水仙瀑如騰飛的白龍爭一大石珠。正如宋代朱熹詩所說：“快瀉蒼崖一道泉，白龍飛下蔚藍天?！碑嫾覐埓笄г娭姓f：“銀潢倒瀉掛晴空，時向松間見白龍?！蹦銈冋l是白龍王子，誰是被白龍爭搶的石珠呢？大家不要爭搶，千萬不要像石珠那樣從瀑布從山崖上滾下來喲。人在險處不停留，只把美景心中留。 我們繼續(xù)向上攀登吧！接著來的也是棧道，但不是海船木，又是另一翻景象，在這條棧道走就有穿越叢林的感覺，大家快來感受吧，上面就是1425級瀑鳴臺了，是直接感受瀑布的第一個平臺。你盡可以用盡身體的每一處感官，或看、或聽、或沐浴，充分感受中國內(nèi)陸地區(qū)落差最大瀑布的磅礴氣勢。

終于來到這里了，大家快大口的呼吸吧，據(jù)權(quán)威機構(gòu)中南林學院測定，這里的負離子含量高達11.25萬個/立方厘米，位列廣東參與測評景區(qū)之首，是名副其實的天然大氧吧，最宜清心洗肺了。站在平臺上感受完瀑布的磅礴氣勢，也可以轉(zhuǎn)過身來，俯看一下深幽的峽谷，峽谷下面是春夏飛雪景。春夏時節(jié)，雨多水旺，在澗溪之間，急流飛瀑，水花飛濺如雪花，清涼送爽，濕潤宜人，唐人有詩云：噴向林梢成夏雪，傾來石上作春雷。所以叫春夏飛雪的清涼世界。在這春夏飛雪上面的馬頭坑小道溪邊還可以玩水攀石溯溪呢！

涼快過后，我們繼續(xù)攀登，迎接我們的是一段陡峭的山崖小路，大家要打起精神才行??！出發(fā)！這段小路雖然陡，但卻是上2199級親瀑臺的捷徑，大家要扶好鐵鏈，很快就到了。這里是親瀑臺，428.5米落差的瀑布在此彰顯出中國落差最大瀑布的震撼人心，肌膚親瀑，滿心歡喜。好了，現(xiàn)在我們要和登山石階匯合，上面還有3299級的沐瀑臺，在那里我們可以將整個身體沐浴在瀑布飛瀉而下散落的水簾中，沐浴身心。

2399至2499級之間是泉聲咽石。這是唐詩人畫家王維詩情畫意的境界。王維詩：日色冷青松，泉聲咽危石。啊！太陽照在松蔭上，溪泉碰到突出的石頭，前面光會留下什么，后面聲會產(chǎn)生什么，這兩句詩各猜一字，這兩字可連成一個常用詞，你們猜是什么字，什么詞，對啦，是影和響，影響。在白水寨你可以留下什么？留個心，留個影，但除了腳印和印象，你什么都不要留下；你可以帶走什么？美麗的風景照和比風景更美的旅游品，但除了這些照片和旅游品，你什么都不要帶走，否則，就影響不好了。

2699級處是指點江山。這里是攬勝梯的第一景，我們可以在這里指點江山，上九陂、高灘、密石等村和千畝采石場打通的人工湖一覽無遺，秀色攬入懷抱，注意，前面右邊有對鴛鴦樹，樹下來了一對鴛鴦，但你不要亂點鴛鴦譜啊！

2899級左右是竹林鳥語。在密密的樹林中難得有一片小小的竹林，我們其實可以改寫清畫竹大王鄭板橋的《題畫》語：來此一游，花時無多，花費亦無多也。而風中雨中有聲，日中月中有影，詩中畫中有情，閑中悶中有伴。非惟我愛林鳥，即林鳥亦愛我也。這就是竹林鳥語營造的人與自然和諧的對視對話。

3299級處向左走是沐瀑臺?，F(xiàn)在我們在白水仙瀑仙女的脖子處，站在巨人的肩膀上，沐浴著仙瀑圣水，我想起了我們增城宋明兩大名人，在廣州五仙觀南粵50先賢祠榜上有名的崔與之與湛若水的詩。崔與之是粵祠之祖，《嶺南詞選》第一首詞就是他在四川抗金寫的《水調(diào)歌頭·題劍閣》，毛澤東1955年左右唯一一次用板橋亂石鋪街的毛筆字抄寫了崔與之這首詞，崔與之還是名臣清官，為了服務家鄉(xiāng)，朝廷封他任禮部、史部尚書甚至右丞相他都推辭未任，他的“翠壁丹崖倚碧穹，一壺天地圖畫中?？陀蔚酱藨担加X仙凡迥不同詩十分切合此情此景。湛若水是明三部（兵部、史部、禮部）尚書、儒學大師、民間教育家，他一生辦了30多間書院，從衡山到羅浮山到家鄉(xiāng)新塘的南香山，如果他能來白水寨山，也會在這辦書院的。他來不了這里，所以寫下了“石頭路滑不可度，我欲跨鶴馭天風。噴泉九月飛霜冷，舉袖擎天曉日紅”的詩句，既然是石頭路滑，大家就要站穩(wěn)立場，才抬頭向上看，走路不看景，看景不走路，安全第一，按順序講秩序，保持距離不擁擠。這才是河南話講的“中中中”。3699級附