千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞(合集)》，但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞(合集)》。
第一篇：新疆吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞范文
各位游客：
眾所周知，全國最熱點(diǎn)的地方是吐魯番，而吐魯番最熱的是方當(dāng)推火焰山。荒山*嶺、寸草不生的火焰山，夏季最高氣溫達(dá)47.8℃以上。每當(dāng)盛夏，紅日當(dāng)頭，地氣蒸騰，*云繚繞，十分壯觀。
火焰山的得名→山體特*
游客們，透過車窗，我們看到前方那座東西，猶如火龍橫臥在吐魯番盆地*的赫紅*山體就是焰山。
火焰山的得名，主要源于其外觀形態(tài)。瞧！火焰山基巖裸露，赤褐*的砂巖在烈日的照耀下灼灼發(fā)光，熾熱的氣流滾滾上升，宛如萬道烈焰熊熊燃燒，“火焰山”之名，即由此而來，火焰山在古書上稱為赤石山，維吾爾語中稱它為“克孜勒塔格”，意思是紅山。唐代詩人岑參次經(jīng)過火焰山，寫下了“火山突兀赤亭口，火山五月火云厚?；鹕綕M山凝未開，飛鳥千里。不敢來”的詩句。明代旅行家陳誠也曾寫詩描述道：“一片青?*一片紅，炎炎氣焰欲燒空。春光末半渾如夏，誰道西方有祝融。”可以稱得上是對(duì)火焰山的生動(dòng)寫照。
火焰山的山體呈東西走向的狹長狀，全長98公里，南北寬9公里。一般高度500米左右，最高峰為831．7米。別看火焰山外表寸草不生，由于地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)斷裂與河水切割，在山體處，卻隱藏著許多道濃*蔽日、田園如畫的溝坎峽谷，著名有葡萄溝、吐峪溝、桃兒溝、木頭溝、勝金口峽谷等。在這些谷中，溪澗縈回，瓜果飄香，花木蔥蘢，景*迷人，儼然一派“火洲”中的“花果塢”景象。
火焰山的形成→最佳觀察點(diǎn)勝金口
或許有的游客會(huì)問：火焰山是怎樣形成的?距今已有多少年的歷史了?對(duì)這兩個(gè)問題的回答要追溯到1．4億年前，當(dāng)時(shí)由于天山東部博格達(dá)山坡前山帶出現(xiàn)短小的褶皺，地殼發(fā)生變化，喜馬拉雅造山運(yùn)動(dòng)后，逐漸形成了山脈的雛形。此后歷了漫長的地質(zhì)歲月，跨越了侏羅紀(jì)、白堊紀(jì)和第三紀(jì)幾個(gè)地質(zhì)年代，加上特殊的氣候環(huán)境，就呈現(xiàn)出如今的地質(zhì)形狀。
游客們，前面就是觀察火焰山構(gòu)造的最佳位置勝金口，請(qǐng)各位下車，在有“火焰山”標(biāo)志的石座前攝影留念，然后再聽我講解。
勝金口西距吐魯番市30公里，連接新疆與內(nèi)地的312國道，依傍木頭溝河橫切火焰山而過。勝金口山勢(shì)險(xiǎn)峻，自古以來就是兵家必爭之地。關(guān)于勝金口的名字，還有這么一段來歷：從前當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩瞻褎俳鹂诮凶觥皾B盡口”，那是因?yàn)槟绢^溝河水流出天山后，越來越少，到了勝金口一帶的戈壁灘，河水幾乎滲得干干凈凈，因此稱它為“滲盡口”。后來人們覺得這個(gè)名字不太吉利，便取其諧音改名為“勝金口”，于是一直沿用至今。
《西游記》神話→維吾爾民間傳說
游客們，火焰山的得名，不僅由于它獨(dú)特的外觀構(gòu)造，其充滿傳奇**的神話故事也給它披上了一層神秘的面紗。
《西游記》唐僧師徒西天取經(jīng)受阻火焰山，孫悟空智斗鐵扇公主的故事就是其中之一?！段饔斡洝返谖迨呕睾偷诹亍疤迫芈纷杌鹧嫔?，孫行者三調(diào)芭蕉扇”中寫道：“西方路上有個(gè)斯哈哩國，乃日落之處，俗呼‘天盡頭’。這里有座火焰山，無春無秋，四季皆熱。那火焰山有八百里火焰，四周圍寸草不生。若過得山，就是銅腦殼，鐵身軀，也要化成汁哩?！边@段描述雖系夸張，但四季皆熱、寸草不生這些基本特征，與火焰山的實(shí)際狀況完全吻合，可見作者不是憑空臆造的。
在老百姓的眼里，善是最高的美，因而發(fā)生在火焰山的故事結(jié)局仍是正義必將戰(zhàn)勝邪惡，這在維吾爾族民間傳說中有了詳盡的表述。相傳在很早以前，天山深處有條惡龍，專吃童男童女，為此人們惶恐不安。當(dāng)?shù)氐淖罡呤最I(lǐng)決心為民除害，*惡龍，于是派一位名叫哈拉和卓的勇士去降伏惡龍。經(jīng)過一番驚心動(dòng)魄的激戰(zhàn)，哈拉和卓揮劍力劈惡龍，終于將惡龍制服，惡龍受傷后沿山旋轉(zhuǎn)，整座山脈被鮮血染成了紅*，因此，維吾爾人便把此山叫做“紅山”。
美好的傳說，深刻的含義，令人遐想。游客們，當(dāng)我們面對(duì)火焰山，停步仁立，凝思遙想，一定會(huì)覺得火焰山的奇景賞不夠，火焰山的故事聽不完。為使大家不留下遺憾，接下去游覽高昌故城、柏孜克里克千佛洞等景點(diǎn)，都要從火焰山旁經(jīng)過，因此我們可以從不同方位充分觀賞到火焰山的奇姿異*。但愿火焰山之行能給您留下美好的回憶。
第二篇：吐魯番盆地的導(dǎo)游詞
Welcome to Turpan. When talking about Turpan, people can't help thinking ofWang Luobin, the "king of Western singing". His "Turpan grapes are ripe, andanaerhan's heart is drunk". The beautiful lyrics and moving melody bring us intoa picturesque realm. Now let's go into Turpan and feel its magic charm together!Turpan's geographical characteristics → climate characteristics "the hottest,the lowest, the driest and the sweetest" are people's image description ofTurpan, which also accurately summarizes Turpan's geographical and climaticcharacteristics. Tourists, let's first introduce the geographical location andtopographic features of Turpan. Turpan is located in the central part ofXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, bordering Hami in the East, Bayinguoleng inthe West and south, 183 km from Urumqi in the northwest and Changji in thenorth. It is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and 240 kilometers widefrom north to south, covering an area of 64000 square kilometers, accounting for4.2% of the total area of Xinjiang. The terrain is characterized by twomountains and one basin, Bogda mountain and kuluktag mountain are in the northand south, and Turpan Basin is in the middle. There are two counties and onecity under its jurisdiction, namely Dushan County, Toksun county and Turpancity. The total population is about 520000. The main ethnic groups are Uygur,Han, Hui, Kazak, Manchu, Russian and so on.
Turpan Basin is an olive shaped Intermountain basin in the east of TianshanMountains. It is surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in thesouth, wide in the West and narrow in the East. Due to the Himalayan orogenyabout 30 million years ago, a variety of geological structures and landformshave been formed. In the north there is Bogda peak, which is covered with snowall the year round at an altitude of 5445 meters. In the middle there is FlamingMountain, which stretches 100 kilometers from east to west. In the FlamingMountain, there is a famous Grape Valley 7 kilometers long. The most peculiar isAiding Lake, which is 154 meters below sea level. It is the lowest basin inChina and the second dead sea of Jordan, which is 391 meters below sea level Thesecond lowest land in the world. Turpan Basin integrates snow mountains, rivervalleys, sand dunes and lakes, just like a giant landscape painting, which makespeople stop and linger.
Because of its unique geographical environment, Turpan has become the placewith the highest temperature in summer in China. From June to August every year,the average temperature here ranges from 35 ℃ to 37 ℃, the extreme maximumtemperature reaches 49.6 ℃, and the surface temperature exceeds 70 ℃. Therefore,people describe it as "a place where eggs can be baked in sand nest and bigcakes can be baked on stone slab". When our cars travel through the village, wecan also see such a novel phenomenon, that is, every family's bed is placedoutside the house, which is how the local residents spend the hot summer.Therefore, it is appropriate for people to call Turpan "Huozhou" since ancienttimes. However, although the absolute temperature here is very high, thetemperature difference between day and night is large. In addition, there areoften strong winds in the basin. Even if it is extremely hot during the day,once the sun sets and night falls, the temperature will gradually cool down.Especially in spring and autumn, the temperature difference is more obvious,
Just like two seasons, "wearing fur coat in the morning and yarn in theafternoon" is a true portrayal of the climate characteristics of TurpanBasin.
Turpan is dry and rainless. Almost 10 months of the year, there is no rainor snow. The average annual precipitation is 16.6 mm, but the evaporation is ashigh as 3000 mm. The precipitation season is mainly in summer. The climate ofTurpan Basin is often described as "dry without rain" because of small rainfall,coarse raindrop and short precipitation time. As a part of precipitation,snowfall is rare in Turpan Basin. The average snowfall in winter is less than2mm. However, the year-round snow on Bogda mountain provides endless water forthe basin. By digging the Kaner well, the local people lead the melting waterfrom the snow mountain to the ground through the underground flow, irrigate thefertile land, and breed a vibrant desert oasis.
The closed basin, thin cloud cover, strong solar radiation and extremelyhigh temperature form abundant heat resources. In Turpan Basin, where the sky ishigh and the clouds are light, the annual sunshine hours are more than 3000hours. Abundant heat resources provide an ideal environment for the growth ofthermophilic crops such as melons, fruits and cotton. For example, Turpan Grape,which is famous at home and abroad, has a history of more than 20__ years andhas more than 300 varieties. After testing, the sugar content of Turpan Grape isas high as 22% - 26%, which is higher than that of California grape (20%) withthe highest sugar content. Turpan Grape is the sweetest grape in the world.Tourists, after introducing the geography of Turpan, let's review itshistory
Turpan, known as Gaochang, Xizhou and Huozhou in ancient times, became thepolitical, economic and cultural center of the western regions more than 20__years ago in the Western Han Dynasty, and was a famous town on the ancient SilkRoad. The former state of Cheshi, built by local Cheshi people, once dominatedhere for a while. In the Jin Dynasty, it was the location of the capital of thewestern regions, where the "Gaochang county" was established. After the fall ofGaochang Kingdom, the Tang Dynasty set up "Xizhou" here. In Song Dynasty, theUighur people moved westward and established the kingdom of Gaochang. In Yuanand Ming Dynasties, "Huozhou" and "Hezhou" were established. Zhili Hall ofTurpan was set up in Qing Dynasty. Turpan county was set up in 1913. In 1985,the county was removed and Turpan city was established. Turpan was also one ofthe earliest regions in Xinjiang to open to the outside world. Since the Han andTang Dynasties, foreign exchanges have been very frequent. Businessmen, monksand envoys from the Central Plains to India, Persia and the Mediterranean coasthave come in an endless stream, leaving Turpan with many beautiful legends.Tourists, coming to Turpan, seem to have read a thick historical picture. Thereare the ancient cities of Jiaohe and Gaochang, which are full of thevicissitudes of war, the exquisite and gorgeous frescoes of bazkrik dry Buddhacave, the ancient tombs of Astana, which is known as the underground museum, andthe Sugong pagoda, which is an ancient building with Islamic style. They showpeople the historical features of different times. History has left Turpan notonly ruins, but also a long culture. The folk customs here are rich andcolorful, and the people here are enthusiastic and good at singing and dancing.If at night in Turpan Hotel grape rack, while tasting fruits, while enjoying"wheat"
The "seraph" party will definitely make you feel relaxed and happy.Tourists, this is the general situation of Turpan. Maybe some tourists have tosay that after talking for a long time, I haven't expressed the Chinese meaningof "Turpan". Yes, Turpan is a Turkic language, which means "rich and fertileplace". After listening to the translation of the name and comparing with theprevious introduction, do you have the same feeling? I hope Turpan, a beautifuland rich place, can add more fun to your travel.
2 tour guide to the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik The specialgeographical location of the Silk Road makes Xinjiang an important channel forcultural exchanges between the East and the West. Therefore, religious art inXinjiang is very prosperous, and all major religions have a place here. Inaddition to Islam, Nestorianism and Manichaeism, Buddhism has the mostfar-reaching influence. Caves and stone carvings all over Xinjiang fully provethis. Today we are going to visit Is located in the middle of the flame mountaingorge in the baizikrik thousand Buddha cave. Origin of the name → historicalstatus → general situation of the caves
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave, known as "ningrong Grottoes" in TangDynasty, is located in mutougou gorge of Huoyan mountain, about 60 km northeastof Turpan City, only 15 km south of the old city of Gaochang. It is one of thelarger and famous Buddhist grottoes in Xinjiang. Bozikrik means "hillside" inUighur and "decorative painting" in Turkic.
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave was first excavated in the late Northern andSouthern Dynasties, namely the Qushi Gaochang state (ad
During the seven centuries of Tang, Five Dynasties, song and YuanDynasties, it was one of the Buddhist centers in the western regions. GaochangUighur period (9th-13th century A.D.) is the most prosperous period of thegrottoes. Therefore, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik is considered as "themost important, the most abundant, the most complete and the most representativeart treasure house in Uighur Buddhist art". Tourists, now we come to thethousand Buddha Cave Scenic Area. There are 83 caves and 77 existing numberedcaves. Among them, there are more than 40 caves with residual murals. The totalarea of murals is 1200 square meters. It is the largest number of caves and themost abundant murals in Turpan. There are various forms of grottoes, such ashorizontal top straight cave, central pillar cave, square double set cave anddome square cave, and some built temples and Buddha platform in the middle ofthe grottoes.
[mural content → Jiyue painting in cave 16 → hell change in cave 17 → greatlotus in cave 18 - Uighur king in Gaochang in cave 20 → Manichaeism in cave 38 →small commemorative shadow cave in cave 82 → 83]
Walking down the steps at the entrance, we can see more than a dozen cavesopen to tourists. The light in the caves is not very strong, and the mottledpictures on the inner wall of the arch can be seen faintly. Each line isdepicted in detail. The ribbons of the characters are very dynamic, but many ofthe characters are incomplete, which is a pity.
The frescoes in the bozikrik Grottoes mainly include the "Buddha" with alarge-scale portrait of Buddha as the center
The purpose of these paintings is to glorify the Buddhist Dharma forworshiping good men and women. From the 6th century to the 12th century, it hasalways been an important place for Buddhism in Gaochang kingdom. Manyinscriptions in ancient Huique script, Chinese script and Baltic script arestill preserved in the grottoes, which are valuable materials for studyingancient scripts. The architectural style and painting skills of the grottoes arealso of high research value. In 1982, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik waslisted as a national key cultural relic protection unit.
Tourists, let's first visit cave 16. Cave 16 was excavated in the middleTang Dynasty. There is a picture of Jiyue in the cave. In the picture,xiaohulei, an ancient musical instrument, appeared for the first time in ChineseBuddhist caves. Hulei, also known as the dragon head pipa, originated fromNanzhao music of Tang Dynasty. It is shaped like a pear with a stick, a dragonhead with two strings, a boa skin covering the abdomen, and a sandalwood groove.Its authentic products are now stored in the Palace Museum of Beijing. Next,let's look at caves 17 and 18. These two caves are the earliest in the wholeGrottoes group, which were excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynastiesfrom the 6th to 7th century. Let's first take a look at the mural "hell changes"in cave 17, which is very similar to the painting of Mani's teaching aidmansion, which is rare in China. There is a big lotus flower in the center ofthe top of cave 18, which is filled with geometric patterns such as triangle andfour leaves in the middle. It is elegant and solemn, with nationalcharacteristics.
Next, let's visit cave 20. The murals in the grottoes show images of theUighur king and queen of Gaochang. The Uighur king of Gaochang was wearing alotus petal shaped crown, a round collar wide sleeve robe, a middle belt, blackboots and other daily necessities. The queen is plump, wearing a crown and a redcoat with lapels and narrow sleeves. The color of the portrait is gorgeous, thelines are smooth and the drawing is exquisite. Beside the portrait is theinscription of Huique. This group of murals is highly artistic and is one of therepresentative works of the whole thousand Buddha cave murals. Unfortunately,the original mural is on display in the Berlin Museum in Germany, and the colorphotos on display in the cave are based on the original. The frescoes in cave 38are different from those before. They are about ancient Manichaeism. There arethree trees in the frescoes behind the grottoes, under which there are manyimages of monks and nuns dressed in white and feathered people with wings, whichshow respect for Manichaeism. Manichaeism is a religion founded by Persian Mani,also known as Mingjiao, which worships the God of light. From the 9th century tothe 12th century, Gaochang Uighur kingdom was the center of Manichaeism in theworld. Manichaeism once became the state religion of Gaochang Uighur kingdom.Then we come to cave 82 and 83, which is under ganfo cave and beside muugou.This is a small commemorative shadow cave specially built for Buddhist eminentmonks during the reign of emperor Gaochang in the 10th and 11th centuries A.D. Apottery relic box and a gold foil wrapping paper used by Buddhists wereunearthed here. The ink mark on it indicates that the gold foil shop was locatedin the south of taihelou street in Hangzhou in Song Dynasty. This gold foilwrapping paper proves that Gaochang Uighur kingdom had quite close economic andtrade contacts with the Song Dynasty from the 11th to the 12th century.
Tourists, from the murals of the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik, we cansee Xinjiang Buddhism
The long history of culture makes us have a deeper understanding of thebroad and profound culture of Xinjiang. The past of Xinjiang is brilliant, andwe believe that the future of Xinjiang will be more brilliant.
第三篇：吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞
吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞
作為一名默默奉獻(xiàn)的導(dǎo)游，通常會(huì)被要求編寫導(dǎo)游詞，導(dǎo)游詞是導(dǎo)游人員引導(dǎo)游客觀光游覽時(shí)的講解詞。那么大家知道正規(guī)的導(dǎo)游詞是怎么寫的嗎？下面是小編幫大家整理的吐魯番火焰山導(dǎo)游詞，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
各位游客：
眾所周知，全國最熱點(diǎn)的地方是吐魯番，而吐魯番最熱的是方當(dāng)推火焰山。荒山禿嶺、寸草不生的火焰山，夏季最高氣溫達(dá)47.8℃以上。每當(dāng)盛夏，紅日當(dāng)頭，地氣蒸騰，煙云繚繞，十分壯觀。
火焰山的得名→山體特色
游客們，透過車窗，我們看到前方那座東西，猶如火龍橫臥在吐魯番盆地中央的赫紅色山體就是焰山。
火焰山的得名，主要源于其外觀形態(tài)。瞧！火焰山基巖裸露，赤褐色的砂巖在烈日的照耀下灼灼發(fā)光，熾熱的氣流滾滾上升，宛如萬道烈焰熊熊燃燒，“火焰山”之名，即由此而來，火焰山在古書上稱為赤石山，維吾爾語中稱它為“克孜勒塔格”，意思是紅山。唐代詩人岑參次經(jīng)過火焰山，寫下了“火山突兀赤亭口，火山五月火云厚?；鹕綕M山凝未開，飛鳥千里。不敢來”的詩句。明代旅行家陳誠也曾寫詩描述道：“一片青 煙一片紅，炎炎氣焰欲燒空。春光末半渾如夏，誰道西方有祝融?！笨梢苑Q得上是對(duì)火焰山的生動(dòng)寫照。
火焰山的山體呈東西走向的狹長狀，全長98公里，南北寬9公里。一般高度500米左右，最高峰為831．7米。別看火焰山外表寸草不生，由于地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)斷裂與河水切割，在山體處，卻隱藏著許多道濃陰蔽日、田園如畫的溝坎峽谷，著名有葡萄溝、吐峪溝、桃兒溝、木頭溝、勝金口峽谷等。在這些谷中，溪澗縈回，瓜果飄香，花木蔥蘢，景色迷人，儼然一派“火洲”中的“花果塢”景象。
火焰山的形成→最佳觀察點(diǎn)勝金口
或許有的游客會(huì)問：火焰山是怎樣形成的?距今已有多少年的歷史了?對(duì)這兩個(gè)問題的回答要追溯到1．4億年前，當(dāng)時(shí)由于天山東部博格達(dá)山坡前山帶出現(xiàn)短小的褶皺，地殼發(fā)生變化，喜馬拉雅造山運(yùn)動(dòng)后，逐漸形成了山脈的雛形。此后歷了漫長的地質(zhì)歲月，跨越了侏羅紀(jì)、白堊紀(jì)和第三紀(jì)幾個(gè)地質(zhì)年代，加上特殊的氣候環(huán)境，就呈現(xiàn)出如今的地質(zhì)形狀。
游客們，前面就是觀察火焰山構(gòu)造的最佳位置勝金口，請(qǐng)各位下車，在有“火焰山”標(biāo)志的石座前攝影留念，然后再聽我講解。
勝金口西距吐魯番市30公里，連接新疆與內(nèi)地的312國道，依傍木頭溝河橫切火焰山而過。勝金口山勢(shì)險(xiǎn)峻，自古以來就是兵家必爭之地。關(guān)于勝金口的名字，還有這么一段來歷：從前當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩瞻褎俳鹂诮凶觥皾B盡口”，那是因?yàn)槟绢^溝河水流出天山后，越來越少，到了勝金口一帶的戈壁灘，河水幾乎滲得干干凈凈，因此稱它為“滲盡口”。后來人們覺得這個(gè)名字不太吉利，便取其諧音改名為“勝金口”，于是一直沿用至今。
[火焰山的故事：《西游記》神話→維吾爾民間傳說]游客們，火焰山的得名，不僅由于它獨(dú)特的`外觀構(gòu)造，其充滿傳奇色彩的神話故事也給它披上了一層神秘的面紗。
《西游記》唐僧師徒西天取經(jīng)受阻火焰山，孫悟空智斗鐵扇公主的故事就是其中之一。《西游記》第五十九回和第六十回“唐三藏路阻火焰山，孫行者三調(diào)芭蕉扇”中寫道：“西方路上有個(gè)斯哈哩國，乃日落之處，俗呼‘天盡頭’。這里有座火焰山，無春無秋，四季皆熱。那火焰山有八百里火焰，四周圍寸草不生。若過得山，就是銅腦殼，鐵身軀，也要化成汁哩?！边@段描述雖系夸張，但四季皆熱、寸草不生這些基本特征，與火焰山的實(shí)際狀況完全吻合，可見作者不是憑空臆造的。
在老百姓的眼里，善是最高的美，因而發(fā)生在火焰山的故事結(jié)局仍是正義必將戰(zhàn)勝邪惡，這在維吾爾族民間傳說中有了詳盡的表述。相傳在很早以前，天山深處有條惡龍，專吃童男童女，為此人們惶恐不安。當(dāng)?shù)氐淖罡呤最I(lǐng)決心為民除害，屠殺惡龍，于是派一位名叫哈拉和卓的勇士去降伏惡龍。經(jīng)過一番驚心動(dòng)魄的激戰(zhàn)，哈拉和卓揮劍力劈惡龍，終于將惡龍制服，惡龍受傷后沿山旋轉(zhuǎn)，整座山脈被鮮血染成了紅色，因此，維吾爾人便把此山叫做“紅山”。
美好的傳說，深刻的含義，令人遐想。游客們，當(dāng)我們面對(duì)火焰山，停步仁立，凝思遙想，一定會(huì)覺得火焰山的奇景賞不夠，火焰山的故事聽不完。為使大家不留下遺憾，接下去游覽高昌故城、柏孜克里克千佛洞等景點(diǎn)，都要從火焰山旁經(jīng)過，因此我們可以從不同方位充分觀賞到火焰山的奇姿異彩。但愿火焰山之行能給您留下美好的回憶。
第四篇：吐魯番盆地的導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客：歡迎大家來到吐魯番。提起吐魯番，人們就會(huì)情不自禁地想起“西部歌王”王洛賓，他那“吐魯番的葡萄熟了，阿娜爾罕的心兒醉了”，美妙的歌詞，動(dòng)人的旋律，把我們帶入了一個(gè)如詩如畫的境界。下面就讓我們走進(jìn)吐魯番，共同去感受一下它的神奇魅力吧!吐魯番的地理特點(diǎn)→氣候特征“最熱、最低、最旱、最甜”，這是人們對(duì)吐魯番的形象描述，也準(zhǔn)確地概括了吐魯番的地理和氣候特點(diǎn)。游客們，我們先來介紹一下吐魯番的地理位置和地形特征。吐魯番地區(qū)位于新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的中部，東面與哈密接壤，西、南面與巴音郭楞接壤，西北距烏魯木齊市183、公里，北面與昌吉毗鄰。東西長約300公里，南北寬約240公里，面積6.四萬平方公里，占全疆總面積的4.2%。地形特點(diǎn)是兩山夾一盆，博格達(dá)山和庫魯克塔格山南北夾峙，中間是吐魯番盆地。地區(qū)下轄二縣一市，即都善縣、托克遜縣和吐魯番市。總?cè)丝诩s52萬。主要民族有維吾爾、漢、回、哈薩克、滿、俄羅斯等。吐魯番盆地是天山東部一個(gè)東西橫置的形如橄欖狀的山間盆地，四周環(huán)山，北高南低，西寬東窄。由于距今約3000萬年前的喜馬拉雅造山運(yùn)動(dòng)，塑造了奇特多樣的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造和地貌形態(tài)。北面有常年覆蓋著皚皚白雪的海拔5445米的天山博格達(dá)峰，中部有橫臥東西綿延100公里的赤熱的火焰山，還有火焰山脈中聞名天下的7公里長的葡萄溝，最奇特的是低于海平面154米的盆底艾丁湖，是我國最低的盆地，在世界上也僅次子低于海平面391米的約旦死海，為世界第二低地。吐魯番盆地集雪山、河谷、沙丘、湖泊為一體，猶如一幅巨型的風(fēng)景畫卷，讓人駐足流連。由于其獨(dú)特的地理環(huán)境，吐魯番成了中國夏季氣溫最高的地方，每年6―8月，這里平均氣溫為35℃一37℃之間，極端最高氣溫達(dá)49.6℃，而地表溫度超過70℃，所以人們形容這里“沙窩里能烤熟雞蛋，石板上能烙熟大餅”。當(dāng)我們的汽車行駛穿梭在村莊里時(shí)，還可以看到這樣新奇的現(xiàn)象，即家家戶戶的床都放在屋外，當(dāng)?shù)氐木用窬褪沁@樣來度過炎熱的夏季的。因此從古到今人們把吐魯番稱為“火洲”也是恰如其分的。不過，盡管這里絕對(duì)溫度很高，但晝夜溫差較大，外加盆地中常刮大風(fēng)，即使白天酷熱難當(dāng)，一旦太陽下山，夜幕降臨，氣溫也會(huì)逐漸涼爽下來。特別是春秋兩季，溫差更加明顯，早 晚和中午，儼然兩個(gè)季節(jié)，“早穿皮襖午穿紗”是吐魯番盆地氣候特點(diǎn)的真實(shí)寫照。
吐魯番干旱少雨，這里全年中幾乎有10個(gè)月不見雨雪，年平均降水量為16.6毫米，但蒸發(fā)量卻高達(dá)3000毫米。降水的季節(jié)，主要集中在夏季。由于雨量小、雨點(diǎn)粗、降水時(shí)間極短，因此，人們常以“干燥無雨”來形容吐魯番盆地的氣候。作為降水量一部分的降雪量在吐魯番盆地更是稀少，市內(nèi)冬季降雪平均不足2毫米。然而博格達(dá)峰的終年積雪卻為盆地提供了無盡的水源，當(dāng)?shù)氐娜藗兺ㄟ^開挖坎爾井，將雪山融水通過地下潛流引向地面，灌溉良田，孕育了生機(jī)盎然的沙漠綠洲。
封閉的盆地，稀薄的云量，強(qiáng)烈的太陽輻射，極高的氣溫，形成了豐富的熱量資源。天高云淡的吐魯番盆地，年日照時(shí)數(shù)達(dá)3000小時(shí)以上。豐富的熱量資源，為瓜果、棉花等喜溫作物提供了理想的生長環(huán)境。如馳名中外的吐魯番葡萄就有20__多年的種植史，品種多達(dá)300余個(gè)，經(jīng)檢測(cè)，吐魯番葡萄的含糖量高達(dá)22%一26%，超過含糖量最高的美國加利福尼亞葡萄(含糖量為20%)，是世界上最甜的葡萄。游客們，在介紹了吐魯番的地理概況后，我們?cè)賮砘仡櫼幌滤臍v史：
吐魯番，古稱高昌、西州、火州，早在20__多年前的西漢時(shí)期，就成了西域地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的中心，是古代絲綢之路上的著名重鎮(zhèn)。當(dāng)?shù)剀噹熑怂ǖ能噹熐皣诖朔Q雄一時(shí)，兩晉時(shí)這里是西域都護(hù)府所在地，建立了“高昌郡”。麴氏高昌王國滅亡后，唐朝在這里設(shè)置了“西州”。宋代漠北回鶻人大舉西遷，又建立了高昌王國。元明兩代改設(shè)“火州”、“和州”。清設(shè)吐魯番直隸廳。民國2年(公元1913年)設(shè)置吐魯番縣。1985年撤縣設(shè)吐魯番市。吐魯番還是新疆最早對(duì)外開放的地區(qū)之一。自漢唐以來，對(duì)外交流就十分頻繁，來往于中原和印度、波斯、地中海沿岸的商人、僧侶、使節(jié)絡(luò)繹不絕，給吐魯番留下了許多美麗的傳說。游客們，來到吐魯番，仿佛翻閱了一幅厚重的歷史畫卷。這里有飽經(jīng)戰(zhàn)爭滄桑的交河故城、高昌故城，還有精美絢麗的柏孜克里克干佛洞壁畫，以及被譽(yù)為地下博物館的阿斯塔那古墓群，伊斯蘭風(fēng)格古建筑蘇公塔等它們向人們展示著不同時(shí)代的歷史風(fēng)貌。歷史給吐魯番留下的不僅僅是遺址，還有悠久的文化，這里的民俗風(fēng)情濃郁多彩，這里的人們熱情奔放，能歌善舞。倘若入夜在吐魯番賓館葡萄架下一邊品嘗瓜果，一邊欣賞“麥西萊甫”晚會(huì)，一定會(huì)使您暑氣盡消，心曠神怡。游客們，吐魯番的概況就向大家介到這里。
第五篇：吐魯番盆地的導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客，你們好，人們稱“南京，武漢，重慶”為三大火爐，而我們吐魯番在6-8月間平均氣溫高出它們8-10攝氏度。因此人們傳說：“吐魯番的縣太爺是坐在水缸里辦公的，當(dāng)然，這不過是一個(gè)笑話，但在熱沙中做熱療，在石頭上烙面餅，在沙窩中烤雞蛋，卻并不是虛傳。盆地因內(nèi)熱外寒而形成大風(fēng)，4-7月間年刮8級(jí)以上大風(fēng)30多次，因此又有了”陸地風(fēng)庫“的稱謂，三大風(fēng)口之一的達(dá)坂城是天山風(fēng)口，馬上就要到了。請(qǐng)男士們稍加注意，前方我們即將駛?cè)胧澜缂?jí)民歌王――王洛濱老先生的歌中唱到的達(dá)坂城了。擦亮眼睛看看達(dá)坂城的姑娘到底是不是”兩只眼睛真漂亮”，看到了美麗的姑娘嗎?沒有，那一定是她們害羞躲起來了，要不，都被過往的游客們?nèi)⒆吡?。王老的這首歌，人人都愛唱，可是我們當(dāng)?shù)氐木S族同胞對(duì)王老有點(diǎn)意見啊!他們說：“王老把我們寫得太傻了太不懂經(jīng)濟(jì)核算了，姑娘嫁給你就夠可以了，還把妹妹再賠上，你們也太貪了”。你說有意思沒意思?請(qǐng)大家注意看，窗外的樹為什么都向一邊歪著?對(duì)了，這是百里風(fēng)區(qū)，風(fēng)口地段，大風(fēng)常年向一個(gè)方向吹的結(jié)果。據(jù)說，達(dá)坂城的男子們的胡子也是向一個(gè)方向歪著的，不信?你們找找看......
吐魯番以“四最”而名揚(yáng)天下，您知道是哪“四最”嗎?最低，最干，最熱，最甜。最低是指什么呢?它是指吐魯番盆地的低洼地――艾丁湖，低于海平面154米，是世界第二低洼池，僅次于死海。最干就是指降水量最小，因?yàn)橛赀€未下到地面上，在半空中就被蒸發(fā)干了。最熱呢，我們一會(huì)兒到了火焰山，你就會(huì)親自體驗(yàn)到什么才叫熱。那么，我有一個(gè)問題：廣州素稱“花城”，濟(jì)南為“泉城”，那么吐魯番是叫什么城呢?對(duì)，叫葡萄城。也許你們中的不少人就是被一曲“吐魯番的葡萄熟了”召喚來的。的確，能夠品嘗一串葡萄世界冠軍――吐魯番無核白葡萄，未必不是一件能炫耀平生的快事。美國加州的客人曾萬里迢迢來到吐市，專門考證出：吐魯番的葡萄含糖量世界第一。有民謠說：“吐魯番的葡萄，哈密的瓜，吐城的石榴頂呱呱，庫爾勒的香梨人人夸。到了新疆，大家想不想做一天的新疆人?好，我現(xiàn)在教你們幾句在新疆地區(qū)能常用到的話，這也是今后向親朋介紹的資本?！眮喛宋髂啡龚D―你好”，“勢(shì)合曼提――謝謝!”，在巴扎上，如果你能給維召爾史弟一定會(huì)少要你的“鋪路子”――錢的。
這里就是讓人們“日啖葡萄三百顆，不辭長作高昌人”的葡萄溝，這高昌人便是今天的吐魯番人?？?，這是馬奶子葡萄，這是玫瑰紅，這種就是最具盛譽(yù)的無核白，你們可以親自摘下來品嘗，是不是一嘗忘不掉?這里的葡萄每5米種一株，現(xiàn)在年產(chǎn)早已超過5450噸，這葡萄長廊也超過6公里長，是不是神仙也不一定見過如此佳景，品嘗如此美味?滿目綠色，涼爽宜人，品這葡萄甜而不膩，想不想住在這“世界最甜的地方”?今天咱們吃不了葡萄可以兜著走，吐魯番的美景還多著呢，咱們還得抓緊時(shí)間去感受。吐魯番地區(qū)在5-9月旅游黃金季節(jié)，日溫差大，6-8月間溫差可達(dá)20攝氏度，所以人們常說“早穿皮襖午穿紗”。幫此這里的葡萄水果最甜。好了，到了吐魯番不去一趟熱極――火焰山體驗(yàn)酷熱，多少有點(diǎn)枉來一趟吐市。是不是心動(dòng)，那上車付諸于行動(dòng)吧，馬上開往火焰山。
傳說中有作惡多端的巨龍被上蒼用利劍劈成了十截，它就是我們今天的火焰山下十道溝。現(xiàn)在我們走的正是其中的一道溝，叫做木頭溝。從這里你們往前方看，那有一橫臥的百里赤龍，起伏的山體上寸草不生，只有如煙似霧的氣流滾滾上長，像不像團(tuán)團(tuán)烈火在燃燒，動(dòng)感十足。這就是《西游記》中唐僧四人被困的火焰山，火焰連綿百里，要不要下車去感受一下，什么叫干蒸?剛才的那段搓板路已讓我們體驗(yàn)了免費(fèi)按摩，現(xiàn)在是另一種體驗(yàn)了?！段饔斡洝分杏幸欢挝淖质沁@樣描述的：“八晨里火焰，四周寸草不生，若進(jìn)得山，就是銅腦蓋，鐵身軀，也要化成汗哩?！痹趺礃?是不是覺得有點(diǎn)口干舌燥，嗓底冒煙，熱風(fēng)考臉，卟底發(fā)燙，瞳仁發(fā)疼，火燒火燎的熱感。這里是唐僧師徒四人取經(jīng)路過此地時(shí)的拴馬樁，那里是新近建成的大漠館，想和唐僧四人合影留念的請(qǐng)抓緊時(shí)間，當(dāng)心不要太親近火焰山，千萬別被卷入到那火山云當(dāng)中去，孫大圣可來不及現(xiàn)身去營救的。
開個(gè)玩笑，不過如果沒有孫悟空借到的芭蕉扇，這太上老君當(dāng)年煉丹爐里的火炭，怕是要燒到天邊去了，只怕唐僧也難取回真經(jīng)。好了，上車去喝坎兒井的甜水，熱情的吐魯番人民在廣場(chǎng)舉行的麥西來甫歌舞會(huì)快開始了，我們可以一展歌喉，小試舞姿，看看新疆舞的魅力，學(xué)兩招。前方拐彎處，開窗的游客一定會(huì)感受到?jīng)鏊嗽S多。對(duì)，有水有綠色，我們殃在到了木頭溝河床的底部，那是一片高聳的白樺樹，枝葉蔥綠，一條溪流平緩流淌，是啊，有水環(huán)繞著的地方就被濕潤滋生得郁郁蔥蔥，這就是西部的特色。這一段行程和剛才火焰山的熱恍若隔世，這是大自然的鬼斧神工，對(duì)比強(qiáng)烈的生態(tài)環(huán)境真讓人咋舌，真的不看不知道，新疆真奇妙。山脈，沙漠，戈壁，綠洲竟能如此和諧相生，那綠樹叢中隱約可見的幾片斷崖上，猜想一定有人的氣息。太對(duì)了，那里便是著名的柏孜克里克千佛洞，壁畫已嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞，但那繁榮與滄桑卻是歷史的明證。您是否聽到了悠遠(yuǎn)的古道駝鈴聲呢?出了千佛洞，我們現(xiàn)在返回廣場(chǎng)――西北最大的人民廣場(chǎng)，去參加麥西來甫盛會(huì)，去品嘗維吾爾民族風(fēng)味小吃。
