千文網(wǎng)小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞》，但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助，當(dāng)然你在千文網(wǎng)還可以找到更多《西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞》。
第一篇：西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞
親愛的游客朋友們，你們好！
現(xiàn)在我們進入的就是著名的5A級景點唐華清宮。唐華清宮位于美麗的驪山北麓，是以溫泉湯池著稱的中國古代宮殿。周、秦、漢、隋、唐的歷代皇帝，都在這里建立過溫泉宮。著名詩人白居易的《長恨歌》、杜牧的《過華清宮》中均提到過這里，“長安回望繡成堆，山頂千門次第開”說的就是唐代興盛時期的華清宮。
朋友們，我們面前的是九龍湖，九龍湖的對面就是《長恨歌》里的長生殿，“七月七日長生殿，夜半無人私語時。在天愿作比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝。”這些膾炙人口的名句描寫的就是發(fā)生在這里的故事。
順著路往東走，這里是唐玄宗和楊貴妃創(chuàng)作出《霓裳羽衣曲》的梨園，梨園是唐代著名的舞蹈圣地，也是和西域諸國進行文化交流的重要場所。
五間廳的西面，是著名的唐代御湯，也就是楊貴妃洗澡的溫泉，“春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂”寫的就是當(dāng)時的沐浴場景。華清池后面的驪山是一座休眠火山，流經(jīng)這里的地下水被加熱成43度，這里的溫泉富含各種礦物質(zhì)，是與古羅馬卡瑞卡拉、英國巴斯溫泉齊名的世界三大溫泉之一。大家可以在兩個噴泉處感受一下驪山溫泉，是不是覺得這里水質(zhì)純凈，洗過之后細膩柔滑？
現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)游覽了華清池主要景點，親愛的游客朋友們，相信你們已經(jīng)對這里留下了深刻的印象，歡迎你們再來臨潼、再來西安、再來美麗的陜西，謝謝你們的參觀！再見！
第二篇：西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞
各位游客朋友們大家好，我是講解員xx，今天由我?guī)ьI(lǐng)大家去參觀華清池。
華清池位于西安市臨潼區(qū)內(nèi)，南依驕山，北臨渭水，內(nèi)有天然溫泉。優(yōu)越的地理條件和自然環(huán)境適于原始人類在此繁衍生息，更吸引了在陜西建都的歷代帝王在此修建離宮別苑，自古以來就是我國著名的沐浴游覽勝地。
根據(jù)歷史資料證明，華清池已有6000年的溫泉使用史和3000年的皇家園林建筑史。早在6000多年以前，原始先民便在這里創(chuàng)造出了燦爛的史前文明。3000年前的西周時，周幽王就在此修有“驪宮”，周以后經(jīng)歷了秦始皇的“驪山湯”、漢武帝的“漢驪宮”、唐太宗的“湯泉宮”、唐高宗的“溫泉宮”，到了唐玄宗李隆基時期，在以前宮殿的基礎(chǔ)上，充分發(fā)揮地理上的優(yōu)勢，依驪山的山勢而筑環(huán)山列宮殿，宮周筑羅城，并修有登山的夾道和通往長安的復(fù)道，把這里同長安的“大明宮”、“興慶宮”連為一體。公元747年，新宮落成，李隆基賜名華清宮，后因?qū)m內(nèi)多溫泉浴池，又名“華清池”。唐華清宮，從山頂至山下，宮殿林立，樓閣相屬。出現(xiàn)了“高高驪山上有宮，朱樓紫殿三四重”的壯觀景象。至此，華清池也達到了它歷史上的鼎盛時期。華清池是唐玄宗與楊貴妃愛情羅曼史的歷史見證。
楊貴妃原名楊玉環(huán)，天資聰穎，通音律，善歌舞，被稱為中國古代四大美女之一。因唐玄宗通音律，楊玉環(huán)善歌舞，兩人情投意合，使得玄宗對楊玉環(huán)寵愛有加，更有“后宮佳麗三千人，三千寵愛在一身”的說法。唐玄宗與楊貴妃曾在驪山半山腰的長生殿前跪地對天發(fā)誓，愿生生世世為夫妻。白居易長恨歌中“七月七日長生殿，夜半無人私語時。
在天愿作比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝”就是對此情此景的詳細描寫。但由于唐玄宗在執(zhí)政后期，整日過著“春宵苦短日高起，從此君王不思朝”的奢靡生活，最終導(dǎo)致了公元755年的“安史之亂”。士兵們殺死宰相楊國忠，逼玄宗賜死了楊貴妃。從此華清池也失去了往日的輝煌。宋元明清還有多位皇帝游幸至此，但都未達到唐華清宮的盛大規(guī)模。
我們眼前的就是九龍湖，大型歷史舞劇《長恨歌》的舞臺就設(shè)在這里。舞劇的特點是“真山真水真歷史”――它以驪山山體為背景，唐玄宗與楊貴妃的愛情為主線，以各類實景為元素，將這段傳奇的愛情故事真實地再現(xiàn)在人們眼前，歡迎大家傍晚有時間來觀看。旁邊的大殿叫”飛霜殿”是唐玄宗與楊貴妃游幸驪山時使用的寢殿。相傳此殿落成之時，正適冬季，雪花漫天飛舞，還沒落及地面就被大殿四周溫泉的熱氣蒸騰到空中，落雪為霜，故稱"飛霜殿"。
接下來我們?nèi)⒂^華清宮御湯遺址博物館。首先來看“海棠湯”又名“芙蓉湯”，俗稱“貴妃湯”。因湯池平面呈一朵盛開的海棠花而得名。它一方面用海棠花的艷麗來襯托貴妃的嬌美;另一方面用海棠花的造型形象比喻楊貴妃豐腆的形體。湯池的池壁由四塊墨玉拼砌而成，湯池東西長3.6米，南北寬2.9米，東西兩側(cè)分別設(shè)有一組踏步，便于上下，體現(xiàn)出唐代建筑藝術(shù)中對稱協(xié)調(diào)的美學(xué)觀念。不僅如此，湯池的供水系統(tǒng)也設(shè)計得非?？茖W(xué)，池底正中有一直徑為10厘米的進水口，進水口上接蓮花噴頭，寓意為海棠花的花蕊，下接陶制水管道，與溫泉總源相通。溫泉因自然壓力從花蕊中自動噴灑而出，噴出的形式與噴泉相似，而灑下來的形質(zhì)，不正是今天生活中的淋浴么?
“回眸一笑百媚生，六宮粉熏無顏色”的楊貴妃曾在海棠湯中淋浴了近八個春秋。《長恨歌》中“春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂。待兒扶起嬌無力，始是新承恩澤時”的詩句形象的描寫除了楊貴妃沐浴時宛如海棠初醒的嬌媚姿態(tài)。
下面我們游覽蓮花湯。蓮花湯是專供唐玄宗李隆基沐浴的，大家有沒有為它的氣勢所震撼呢?它是唐華清宮御湯遺址中最有氣勢、最具代表性的湯池，也稱“御湯九龍殿”。宮殿建筑面積達400多平方米，有內(nèi)外殿之分。御湯可儲水近l00立方米，，儼然一座龐大的游泳池，充分顯示出唐代追求恢弘大氣的社會風(fēng)尚及皇權(quán)的至高無上。
蓮花湯造型奇特，上下兩層臺階造型不同，上平面四角有一定的曲線變化，呈寫實的蓮花狀;下平面為規(guī)則的八邊形，“八邊”代表著大地的八個方位，取"普天之下，莫非王土"之意，而蓮花設(shè)計在大地八極之上，完全合乎于蓮花根植于大地土壤之中而花浮于水的特殊生長規(guī)律;水、土、花三者緊密關(guān)聯(lián)，最終實現(xiàn)“天人合一”的理念。
大家現(xiàn)在看到的這個湯，叫做星辰湯，是唐太宗李世民“湯泉宮”的遺存。整個湯池的設(shè)計是閻立德根據(jù)唐代禮制規(guī)定，再結(jié)合天空星象、二十四節(jié)氣、即天、地、人三位一體的理念設(shè)計的。星辰湯離溫泉水源最近，水質(zhì)最好，地理位置最優(yōu)越。泉水因自然的漫溢涌入湯池，形成了現(xiàn)代的自然水及沖浪浴的沐浴方式。在修復(fù)的過程中，考古工作者又考證了在星辰湯的底部，疊壓著秦始皇的“驪山湯”和漢武帝的“漢驪宮”文化遺存，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了中國歷史上最早的皇室配套浴具，為研究秦漢沐浴文化提供了材料。
下來是尚食湯，它形制小，工藝簡單，相對于前面的御用湯池，顯然沐浴者的地位不及前者。從湯池的整體結(jié)構(gòu)分析，池中間設(shè)有石隔墻，東，南，北三面修砌有入池石臺階，池中并無固定的坐向位置。充分證明尚食湯面積雖小，但在此沐浴的人較多，使用率較高，身份較復(fù)雜。所以推斷出，尚食湯是皇帝賞賜給等級較高的隨行內(nèi)侍官員的沐浴場所。
這個是太子湯，顧名思義，它的沐浴者就是東宮的皇太子，在此沐浴過的皇太子有李承乾，李治，李忠、李弘，李賢、李旦，李隆基等共10人。太子湯采用“星辰湯”的排水道供水，即擺正了皇帝與皇太子之間的尊卑關(guān)系，又寓意著來皇太子能常沐父皇恩澤。由于太子湯的四壁及池底遭受到較嚴(yán)重的破壞，所以太子湯以露天的形式陳設(shè)。
好，現(xiàn)在我們來參觀溫泉總源。我國有溫泉2700多處，是世界上溫泉最多的國家之一。而華清池的驪山溫泉，因開發(fā)利用早，水質(zhì)純凈，醫(yī)療價值高，享有“天下第一御泉”的美稱。
現(xiàn)在我們來到的是中國歷史上享有盛名的環(huán)園，她是1878年臨潼縣令沈家禎主持修建并提名的，總占地面積6000平方米。環(huán)園既有北方園林的恢弘氣勢又兼具江南園林的優(yōu)雅別致，1990年八國聯(lián)軍攻陷北京，慈禧太后西逃曾駐于此，中國近代史上著名的西安事變也發(fā)生在這里。大家看到的半山腰的亭子叫做“兵諫亭”，也叫“捉蔣亭”，顧名思義，就是西安事變時，蔣介石逃到山上，被張學(xué)良、楊虎城捉住的地方。
昔日的皇宮禁苑、天下御湯，今日成了民眾的游覽勝地。正如郭沫若先生所詠“華清池水色清蒼，此日規(guī)模越盛唐。不僅宮池依舊制，而今民庶盡天王”
各位游客朋友們，由于時間關(guān)系，華清池就只能簡單講到這里了，歡迎大家再來參觀，謝謝!
第三篇：陜西-西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞
陜西-西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞
Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).
The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.
Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion
第四篇：西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞
西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞
華清宮(華清池·驪山)景區(qū)位于西安城東30公里，與“世界第八大奇跡”——兵馬俑相鄰。周、秦、漢、隋、唐等歷代帝王在此建有離宮別苑。因其亙古不變的溫泉資源、烽火戲諸侯的歷史典故、唐明皇與楊貴妃的'愛情故事、“西安事變”發(fā)生地而享譽海內(nèi)外。以下是小編帶來的西安華清池英文導(dǎo)游詞，歡迎閱讀。
Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi'an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring)。 The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace)。 In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.
Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse)。
The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.
Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven)， an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤)， with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.
The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths)。 At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang'an City as the year drew to its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring)。
The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong's favorite lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring
Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.
Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion. On its head three big Chinese characters “Xi Jia Lou” (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.
At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C. The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour. Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi'an Incident.
The Xi'an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy “domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Inspired by our Party's policy “l(fā)et us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi'an to scheme the “suppression of the Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth. Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi'an Incident.
Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang's bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only. What's more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang's hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi'an.
In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi'an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi'an Incident was so peacefully settled.
The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.
In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a “National Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident. It was also called “Vital Energy Pavilion”。 After the national liberation it was renamed “Catching Chiang Pavilion”。 Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi'an Incident. Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek's shelter.
Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.
Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.
The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times. It was constantly under special control. Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.
The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He “called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”， and she pulled a long face. Then the band were asked to “play the bamboo flute and strings” and she remained displeased. Afterwards, “maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did not let out a smile at all.
“You don't like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King asked.
“I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It was clear anf melodious,” she replied. King You said in excitement, “That is very simple. How come you didn't let me know it earlier?”
Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.
“Why didn't you let out a single smile then?” he asked.
“I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.
The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, “Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”
Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: “Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that “Everything should have been all right. I have just been joking with you.” When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved. Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom “A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and “The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.”
第五篇：西安華清池導(dǎo)游詞
各位朋友：
大家好。歡迎來華清池參觀，我是導(dǎo)游xx，很高興能為大家服務(wù)。華清池是我省僅有的三處五A級景區(qū)之一，曾是皇家園林，這里山美、水美，美女楊玉環(huán)與唐玄宗流傳了千年的愛情故事更美。
游覽之前我先給大家簡介一下華清池。
華清池，位于陜西省臨潼區(qū)驪山北麓華清宮的故址，西距西安30公里，東與秦始皇兵馬桶相毗鄰，南依驪山，北臨渭水。大家請看前方山巒，由于從遠處看，尤如一匹青蒼色的駿馬，因此得名“驪山”?！爸苡耐醴寤饝蛑T侯，褒姒一笑值千金”的典故就出自這里。每當(dāng)夕陽西下，驪山在斜陽的影子中，好像披上了艷麗的紅裝?！叭肽呵缦技t一片，疑是烽火自西來”，令人誤以為當(dāng)年烽火還在燃燒，故有“驪山晚照”之稱，是關(guān)中八景之一。
華清池是歷代帝王游幸之地，相傳周幽王曾在這里修建驪宮。秦始皇時，以石筑室為宇，改名‘驪山湯’。漢武帝時，在秦湯基礎(chǔ)上休修葺擴建為離宮。隋文帝重加修飾，“列植松柏數(shù)千株”。唐太宗詔令在這里營建宮殿樓閣，取名“湯泉宮”，后高宗改名“溫泉宮”。唐玄宗時再次擴建，并正式定名華清宮。今天的華清池是在清代基礎(chǔ)上經(jīng)多次修繕擴建及發(fā)掘復(fù)原唐遺址后形成的，占地85560平方米，但也僅為唐華清宮的十分之一，分為東區(qū)、中區(qū)和西區(qū)。
好了，各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們一邊一向前走一欣賞。我們面前的這片碧波蕩漾的水面叫做九龍湖，有5300平方米。何以“九龍”為名呢?其實這個湖分成上下兩池，中有九龍長堤東西橫貫。堤壁間有八龍吐水，與大龍頭合為九龍之?dāng)?shù)，體現(xiàn)了皇帝的九五之尊。長堤西邊有座龍石舫，用小石拱橋相連，形似渡口。兩只龍頭高高揚起，猶如一座華麗的龍舟，正欲破浪前行。與其相連的是九曲回廊，好像龍身。九龍池的北岸，是九龍宮的主體建筑“飛霜殿”。
殿前各有一對石獅和石牛。登上飛霜殿的回廊，東西眺望“沉香殿”、“宜春殿”，更覺飛霜殿的回廊富麗堂皇，端莊大度。此殿因相傳為唐玄宗和楊貴妃的寢殿而建。當(dāng)冬天雪花飛舞時，獨此殿前雪為霜，故名“飛霜殿”?，F(xiàn)在呢，這里已經(jīng)成為了貴賓接待廳和休息室。在飛霜殿的背面墻上還有一副壁畫――《楊玉環(huán)奉詔溫泉宮》，描繪的是公元二十八年十月的一個夜晚，玄宗第一次召見楊玉環(huán)的場面。
說到這里呢，大家就會想到唐玄宗與楊玉環(huán)的帶有悲劇色彩的愛情故事。楊貴妃，原名楊玉環(huán)，出生在陜西華陰，17歲便長得如花似玉、美若天仙。公元735年，她被唐玄宗冊封為他的兒子壽王李瑁的妃子。5年后，由于唐玄宗的愛妃武惠妃病逝，后宮三千粉黛無一人令唐玄宗中意，他便下令在溫泉宮召見楊玉環(huán)，這樣便拉開了唐玄宗與楊玉環(huán)的愛情羅曼史的序幕。公元745年，唐玄宗將楊玉環(huán)為貴妃，當(dāng)時玄宗已經(jīng)61歲，而貴妃才27歲，冊封后的第二年，在擴建溫泉宮時，專為楊貴妃修建了“海棠湯”，真可謂“后宮佳麗三千人，三千寵愛在一身”。
在驪山的長生殿里，農(nóng)歷七月七日兩人發(fā)下了“在天愿作比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝”的愛情誓言，直到安史之亂，玄宗攜楊貴妃逃至馬嵬坡前，將士相逼，玄宗才不得不賜死楊貴妃，當(dāng)時，貴妃年僅38歲。據(jù)史載，天寶年間，也就是公元742年至756年的14年間，唐玄宗偕楊貴妃駕臨華清宮達43次之多，可見華清池的出名和唐玄宗、楊貴妃的“長恨歌”有千絲萬縷的關(guān)系。
剛才我們提到了，唐玄宗和楊貴妃每年秋冬來到華清池，是為了享受溫泉沐浴的。那么，我們現(xiàn)在就去看看一千多年前的皇家浴池吧。
唐華清宮背靠驪山，面向渭水，倚驪峰山勢構(gòu)筑，規(guī)模宏大，建筑壯麗，樓臺宮殿，遍布驪山上下。正如白居易詩中所說：“高高驪山上有宮，朱樓紫殿三四重?！碧迫A清宮充分利用有利地形，構(gòu)筑成一個龐大的宮殿建筑群，主要殿舍以溫泉為中心。這里保存著5座從地下挖掘出來的大小不一的古浴池。
首先，我們進入的是海棠湯。此湯因平面像一朵盛開的海棠花而得名，又稱貴妃湯，是專供楊貴妃沐浴的。該池東西長3.6米，南北寬2.9米，池壁由墨玉青石拼砌而成，湯池分上下兩層，為臺式結(jié)構(gòu)，上層可扶可坐。整個湯池既體現(xiàn)了對稱、協(xié)調(diào)、平衡的傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)思想，又符合人體行為科學(xué)。在池子的中間，是一個進水口，出土?xí)r有一個漢白玉雕刻的蓮花底座，這蓮花底座，上面接有蓮花噴頭，下面接通陶水管，與溫泉水相通，因自然壓力使泉水從噴頭中噴出，這與今天的沐浴可謂是大徑相同。貴妃就在此沐浴了近八個春秋，白居易《長恨歌》中這樣寫道：“春寒賜浴華清池，溫泉水滑洗凝脂，侍兒扶起嬌無力，始是新承恩澤時”，就形象的描繪了貴妃出浴時的柔媚風(fēng)姿。
接下來我們進入的是蓮花湯，又名“御湯九龍殿”，它是唐玄宗李隆基的御用湯池。湯池下面為八邊形，東西長10.6米，南北寬6米，池中有兩個進水孔，并安有雙蓮花底座，它充分顯示了皇權(quán)的至高無上和唯我獨尊的威勢。據(jù)《明皇雜錄》記載，安祿山為取悅唐玄宗，命人用范陽上等白玉雕刻成魚、龍、飛雁以及雙蓮底座放于池中，供玄宗使用，可是有一次，玄宗剛下水，隨著水波的浮動，覺得池中的雕像仿佛活了一般，著實把玄宗嚇了一跳，于是一怒之下，命人重新打磨砌器，唯獨留下了這雙蓮花底座。
現(xiàn)在我們進入的是星辰湯，這個湯池是專供唐太宗李世民沐浴的。據(jù)考證，該池下面還有西周和秦的湯池遺址，原來早在三千年前的西周就已經(jīng)在這里修池沐浴了，只是沒有修建殿宇，晚上人們在這里沐浴，可以仰望天上的星辰，所以取名星辰湯。當(dāng)然，這只是名字由來的其中一個說法，還有其他的說法，在此我就不一一列舉了。西南角的這座小殿宇名叫尚食湯，是供尚食局的官員沐浴的池子。而在南北兩排殿宇間的空曠處，還夾有一個用石欄圍住的用青磚石鋪砌的長方形浴池，它是供太子沐浴的太子湯。
華清池不僅在中國古代史上享有盛名，中國近代史上震驚中外的“西安事變”也發(fā)生在這里。我們現(xiàn)在就來看一看西安事變的舊址――環(huán)園。
1936年12月12日，國民黨愛國將領(lǐng)張學(xué)良、楊虎城發(fā)動了“西安事變”，也叫“雙十二事變”。蔣介石被迫接受停戰(zhàn)議和、聯(lián)共抗日、釋放政治犯等條件。張學(xué)良、楊虎城兩將軍發(fā)動的西安事變以及中國共產(chǎn)黨促成的這次事變的和平解決，對推動國共再次合作、團結(jié)抗日，起了重大的歷史作用。
現(xiàn)在請大家隨我繼續(xù)前行，下面我們將要參觀的是五間廳，它是西安事變的重要遺址。大家請看，這一字排開的八間房，西邊的這五間叫做五間廳，而東邊的拿三間叫做三間廳，這些都是清代建筑。八國聯(lián)軍進攻北京時，慈禧太后西逃至此，曾住在這里。1936年10月12月，蔣介石先后兩次到陜西來，都住在五間廳，并在五間廳內(nèi)召見張學(xué)良和楊虎城兩位將軍，要求張、楊二人消滅陜北紅軍，以實施其“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的剿共計劃。然而，張、楊兩位將軍在全國一致要求抗日的呼聲下，默契合作，與12月12日發(fā)動兵諫，扣押了蔣介石。
當(dāng)日凌晨6時，一聲嘹亮的槍響劃破了沉寂的夜空，蔣介石急忙從窗后翻出，逃至了驪山山腰間的一個石縫里，也就是今天的兵諫亭那里，后被張楊二人的士兵抓獲，為了避免內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，聯(lián)合抗日，中共中央主張和平解決“西安事變”，并應(yīng)張楊兩位將軍電請，派周恩來率中央代表團前往西安，終于使蔣介石接受了張楊的“聯(lián)共抗日”主張。西安事變的和平解決，促進了抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的形成和發(fā)展，開始了國共合作的新時期。
“西安事變”是中國近代史上的一個重要轉(zhuǎn)折點。這座高4米，寬2.5米的石亭，建于1946年3月，由胡宗南發(fā)起，黃埔軍校七分校全體士官募捐而成，當(dāng)時名曰“民族復(fù)興亭”、“正氣亭”;解放后，該亭更名為“捉蔣亭”;1986年12月在紀(jì)念“西安事變”50周年前夕，再次易名為“兵諫亭”。
好了，今天我們?nèi)A清池景區(qū)的講解就到這里了，謝謝大家!
