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第一篇：英語(yǔ)沈陽(yáng)故宮導(dǎo)游詞
Today we are visiting Shenyang Palace Museum. As we all know, Shenyang is "the birthplace of one dynasty, the capital of two emperors", full of rhyme, fresh wind and rich historical flavor. Shenyang famous building has "one palace and two mausoleums", and this palace is the magnificent building in front of us - Shenyang Palace Museum.
Shenyang Palace Museum was called "Shengjing Palace" when it was first built. After the Qing Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, it was also called "the palace of the accompanying capital" and "the palace of the remaining capital", and it was known as "the holy relic of the early Republic of China". It was first built in 1625 (the tenth year of emperor Tianming of the later Jin Dynasty) and completed in 1636 (the first year of Chongde of the Qing Dynasty). It was built and used by Nurhachi and Huangtaiji of the Qing Dynasty. In 1643, Emperor Fulin of the Qing Dynasty ascended to the throne and changed to Shunzhi. So Shenyang can also be said to be "the birthplace of one dynasty and the capital of Three Emperors".
Shenyang Palace Museum covers an area of more than 60000 square meters, with more than 100 buildings and more than 500 rooms. According to its layout, it can be divided into three parts: East Road, middle road and West Road. East Road is the part of the building we can see in front of us. It was built in Nurhachi period and has strong Manchu characteristics. The buildings on the East Road mainly include Dazheng hall and Shiwang Pavilion. You can see that the octagonal hall in the middle of the square is Dazheng hall. Dazheng hall, also known as "Da yamen" and "Du Gong hall", is the place where Nurhachi attends and works. Dazheng hall is 18 meters high, under which there is a 1.5-meter-high xumizuo platform surrounded by exquisitely carved blue stone fence. It is an octagonal pavilion building with double eaves and a sharp top. The top of the hall is yellow glazed tile with green trimming. In the center is the sharp top of the vase flame beads. (the vase is a Buddhist weapon, which is regarded as a sacred thing, and the flame beads are Ruyi beads. It is said that those who get this bead can satisfy all kinds of desires. )There are eight colorful glass ridges on the top and bottom of the double eaves. On each ridge stands a Mongolian strongman, with his face facing the top, his legs slightly bent and his side drawn, which symbolizes the unity of all directions. The 10 pavilions on both sides are the ten King pavilions. From the overall architectural layout, the main hall is in the middle. There are 10 pavilions on both sides, from north to south, unfolding in the shape of eight characters, which makes the main hall more far-reaching visually. This kind of spatial processing is only one example in Chinese palace architecture. Shiwang Pavilion is also known as "eight flag Pavilion". Some tourists may think of the eight flag Pavilion (to the East are left wing Pavilion, yellow flag Pavilion, white flag Pavilion, white flag Pavilion and blue flag Pavilion). In the West are the right wing Wang Ting, the right yellow flag Pavilion, the right red flag Pavilion, the red flag Pavilion and the blue flag Pavilion. There should be eight pavilions. What are the other two pavilions? The pavilions at the left and right ends near the main hall are the left wing Wang Ting and the right wing Wang Ting, which are the offices of the left and right wing princes. The eight flag Pavilion is the office of the eight flag leader. This pattern of building the hall of King Han's hearing together with the pavilions of princes and ministers of eight banners waiting for the court to discuss affairs was decided by the Eight Banners system of military and political integration at the beginning of Nurhachi's rise. It reflects the historical features of Nurhachi's later years, when he was the sole leader of a Khan and the ruling party of Bahe shuobel.
To the west, you come to the middle road of Shenyang Palace Museum. The buildings on the middle road are mainly built in the period of Huangtaiji, where many historical stories are staged. Shenyang Palace Museum middle road building has its own system, a total of three courtyard. From south to north, there are daqingmen, Chongzheng Hall, fenghuanglou and Qingning palace. They are all arranged on a central axis, and there are some symmetrical ancillary buildings on both sides.
Daqingmen is the main gate of Shenyang Palace Museum, commonly known as Meridian Gate. We just entered the Palace Museum from there. (daqingmen is a five room hard mountain building). At that time, daqingmen was not allowed to enter or leave as casually as it is now. Daqingmen was not only the place where civil and military officials were waiting for the court. It is also the place where Huang Taiji accepted the gratitude of the officials. At that time, after the Ming Dynasty's famous generals Hong Chengchou and Zu dashou came to the Qing Dynasty, they knelt down in front of the gate of the Qing Dynasty to apologize for their surrender, waiting for orders to summon them, and were received by Huang Taiji. When an official is promoted or given a pardon, he has to kowtow to the "Chongzheng Hall" at the north gate.
You can see that the solemn hall in front of us is Chongzheng Hall. The former name of Chongzheng Hall is "main hall", commonly known as "Jinluan hall". It is the place where Huang Taiji deals with military and political affairs, receives foreign envoys and frontier minority representatives. Chongzheng Hall is a five room nine Lin hard mountain style building. The most eye-catching places are the yellow glazed tile green trimming on the top of the hall, the colorful glazed components of Longtou, Bofeng, Longkou, peak and ridge, as well as the colorful dragon and auspicious animals in relief, which make the whole hall more noble, solemn and spectacular. Another ingenuity of Chongzheng Hall is that the upper part of the two front and rear external eaves columns is shaped like a dragon. The dragon's head protrudes from the column head, and the dragon's body passes through the corridor directly into the hall. The posture is vivid, as if the dragons are flying out of the hall. It has dual functions of structure and decoration, and the design is very ingenious.
Around the Chongzheng Hall, we can see the Phoenix building. The vestibule of the Phoenix building is located in the middle of the "former dynasty and later bedroom", which is a transitional courtyard. The Phoenix building is built on a 3.8-meter-high blue brick platform. The platform has 24 steps, which symbolizes the 24 solar terms. Every 24 solar terms is a year. The emperor steps on the 24 platform every day, which means that the Qing Dynasty can go through thousands of years The Fenghuang tower is a three story building with a height of 18.31 meters. It was originally called Fengxiang tower. It is a place for Huang Taiji to rest, hold banquets and read books. In 1743 (the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), it was changed to its current name. The gold plaque of "Ziqi Donglai" hanging above the main door of Fenghuang building was written by Emperor Qianlong. It means that the Great Qing Dynasty's national strength and prosperity came from the eastern capital. It expresses the Qing emperors' worship for the place where their ancestors started their business. Fenghuanglou is not only the gate of the back palace, but also the highest building in Shengjing city at that time. Therefore, it has the reputation of "Fenglou Xiaoyue" and "Fenglou guanta", and is listed as one of the Eight Sights of Shengjing city.
Through the Phoenix Tower, we are now in the back palace of Huang Taiji, the residence of Huang Taiji and his concubines. The overall architecture of the back palace is higher than that of the previous dynasty. This feature of "high palace and low Palace" reflects the traditional living habits of the Manchu people.
For the characteristic buildings of the harem, there is a popular saying: Pocket room, ten thousand character Kang and chimney falling on the ground. What is a pocket room? You can see that the front and back porch building in front of us is the Qingning palace. You can see that there are five rooms in the palace, and the door is not opened in the middle, but in the south of the east two rooms, which is like a pocket. Qingning palace, originally known as the "main palace", is the most characteristic building of Manchu residence in Shenyang Imperial Palace. The east one is the bedroom of Huang Taiji and empress xiaoduanwen (boljijit's family). In 1643 (the eighth year of Chongde), Huang Taiji ended up sitting on the South Kang. Later, he was buried in Zhaoling. What's the matter with the Wanzi Kang? You can see that the West three rooms of the palace are connected, and the north, West and South three sides are connected to form a ring Kang, which is like "Wanzi Kang", so people commonly call it "Wanzi Kang". What's the matter with "chimney falling on the ground"? The chimney of the palace of Qingning is behind the palace of Qingning, which is built from the ground, slightly lower than the ridge of the house. We can bypass it later Go to see. At that time, there was such a ban that the chimneys of all common people's houses were not allowed to be higher than those of the Imperial Palace, implying that the Qing Dynasty "ruled the country.",
The East-West Palace on both sides of Qingning Palace (the East Palace is about Ju palace and Yanqing palace, and the West Palace is about Linzhi palace and Yongfu Palace) is where the concubines live. The most famous one is Yongfu palace where Zhuang Fei lives, because in 1638 (the third year of Chongde), Qing Shizu Fulin was born in Yongfu palace.
(a tourist just asked what the tall pole at the south end of the main gate of the courtyard of Qingning palace is for. It's the Solon pole. The Manchu people call it the "God pole", which is used by Manchu people to worship heaven. When offering sacrifices to heaven, the tin bucket at the top was filled with grains and pig scraps to worship crows. This reflects the worship concept of spirit birds of Manchu Shamanism and is said to be related to the legend of the Savior of crows. )
Next we come to Shenyang Palace Museum West Road. The west road was built to meet the needs of the emperor's eastward tour. It was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. The main buildings are Wensu Pavilion, stage, Jiayin hall and Yangxi Zhai. The courtyard is connected with each other, and Dor is not chaotic. It is a place with strong cultural flavor.
Wenzhuge was built from 1781 (Qianlong 46) to 1783 (Qianlong 48). It is the main building in the west road. It was built after the Tianyi Pavilion of Fan Qin, a great calligrapher in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province in the Ming Dynasty. It specially collects the large-scale book Sikuquanshu compiled during the Qianlong period. It is also one of the seven famous pavilions in China to store Sikuquanshu. The name of the pavilion was determined by Emperor Qianlong because it is located in the ancestor The birthplace of "Shengjing", so take the meaning of "tracing the origin" named "wensuge". (Sikuquanshu is composed of four parts: classics, history, books and collections. Its structure is rigorous. It is a precious heritage in ancient Chinese literature and is of great significance to carry forward and spread national culture. )In October 1966, based on the consideration of war preparedness, Liaoning Province secretly transported Sikuquanshu to Lanzhou and then transferred it to Gansu Provincial Library.
Wenzhuge is a hard mountain style building with six rooms wide. It has two stories of double eaves on the outside and three stories on the inside, with obvious architectural style of Jiangnan. Different from other buildings in Shenyang Palace Museum, the roof of Wensu Pavilion is decorated with black glazed tiles and green trimming, which is unique in Shenyang Palace Museum. According to the five elements and eight trigrams, black represents water, and fire is the most taboo in books. Black tile is the top symbol of water conquering fire.
There is a square stele Pavilion in the east of Wensu Pavilion and a stone tablet inside. The front is engraved with Emperor Qianlong's inscription on imperial wenzhuge, and the back is engraved with Emperor Qianlong's treatise on Song Xiaozong. The inscription records in detail the process of building the pavilion and the collection of Sikuquanshu.
In front of the pavilion, there is a Jiayin hall outside the palace, a corridor on the left and right, and a stage in the south. It is the place where the emperor visited the East during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods.
Dear tourists, my explanation ends here. Next, you can move freely, but please pay attention to personal and property safety. Please remember our gathering time and place. Thank you!
第二篇：沈陽(yáng)故宮的導(dǎo)游詞
位于沈河區(qū)沈陽(yáng)路171號(hào)，與繁華的中街毗鄰，是全國(guó)保存至今的清代最早的宮殿建筑群，其歷史價(jià)值和藝術(shù)價(jià)值僅次于北京故宮。
沈陽(yáng)故宮博物館所陳列的多半是舊皇宮遺留下來(lái)的宮廷文物。如努爾哈赤用過(guò)的劍，皇太極用過(guò)的腰刀和鹿角椅等。沈陽(yáng)故宮博物館陳列的藝術(shù)品也很豐富。在繪畫陳列室里，有明、清兩代一些大師的作品如清李鱒、金農(nóng)、明文征明書畫精品、陶瓷、雕刻、織鄉(xiāng)、漆器等工藝品也不少。
沈陽(yáng)故宮建于1625年，是后金第一代汗努爾哈赤開始修筑。努爾哈赤死后，第二代汗皇太極繼續(xù)修建成功。沈陽(yáng)故宮的建筑布局可以分為三路。東路為清太祖努爾哈赤時(shí)期建造的大政殿與十王亭。中路為清太宗皇太極時(shí)期續(xù)建的'大中闕，包括大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓以及清寧宮、關(guān)睢宮、衍慶宮、啟福宮等。西路則是乾隆時(shí)期增建的文溯閣、嘉蔭堂和仰熙齋等。乾隆時(shí)皇宮已在北京，但他有時(shí)也“東巡”回沈陽(yáng)看看。
第三篇：沈陽(yáng)故宮英文版導(dǎo)游詞
相關(guān)推薦沈陽(yáng)故宮英文版導(dǎo)游詞
Hello, everyone! Please allow me to express a warm welcom#e on behalf of Shenyang citizens. I’m with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace, where the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.
Shenyang Imperial Palace, Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang. Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accom#plished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had com#e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. They were Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang. Therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China. The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing. Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council. This palace is an emperor museum com#bining the architectural styles of the minorities of Man, Han and Mongolia. This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, com#prising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
First let’s pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese com#pound with three courtyards. The first courtyard is the office area. It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall. From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area. They all lay out on the same line. The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate, also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color. They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. Yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. The com#bination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple (Taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where Nuerhachi’s descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. So Ancestor Temple is the most important. Please follow me into the gate. This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion (Xiangfengge) on each side. The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments. Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji’s office. In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. In accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.
Since we have visited the place where the Emperors worked and now we’ll pay a visit to the place where empress and concubines lived. Here is the Phoenix Tower. It served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix Sunrise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang. Look upward, we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai", which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated from Shengjing, the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in Chinese lunar calendar.
Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. This red pole is called Suolun pole, or Holy Pole. Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. It was said that Nuerhachi was saved by crows. Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines. Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, Fulin. Therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi. This chimney was the highest one at that time. In Chinese, the sound of chimney "tong" is the same as that of unity. To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden. After visiting the middle section of the palace, we com#e to the eastern section. Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall, flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions. This part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace. Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.
Now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the com#manders at that time. Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period. Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. As the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.
第四篇：沈陽(yáng)故宮導(dǎo)游詞英文版
各位旅客朋友們：
大家好！我是你們的導(dǎo)游，今天我們參觀的是沈陽(yáng)風(fēng)景名勝之一的“沈陽(yáng)故宮”
先來(lái)給你們介紹一下。沈陽(yáng)故宮始建于1625年，是清朝入關(guān)前清太祖努爾哈赤、清太宗皇太極創(chuàng)建的皇宮。又稱“盛京皇宮”。清朝入主中原后改為陪都宮殿和皇帝東巡行宮，現(xiàn)為沈陽(yáng)故宮博物院。
沈陽(yáng)故宮設(shè)在沈陽(yáng)“井”字形大街的中心，分為三部分：東路為努爾哈赤時(shí)期建造的大政殿與十王亭。中路為清太宗時(shí)期建造的大中闕。西路是乾隆時(shí)期增建的文溯閣等。
現(xiàn)在就讓我們從東路開始游覽吧！
東路的大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑。正門有兩根盤龍柱，以示莊嚴(yán)。大政殿用于舉行大典。十王亭則是左右翼王和八旗大臣辦事的地方。
各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)到了中路。中路的大中闕包括大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓以及清寧宮、關(guān)睢宮、衍慶宮、莊福宮等。崇政殿俗稱“金鑾殿”，全是木結(jié)構(gòu)，五間九檀硬山式，辟有隔扇門，前后出廊，圍以石雕的欄桿，此殿是清太宗日常臨朝處理要?jiǎng)?wù)的地方。
各位游客，現(xiàn)在我們來(lái)到了西路。西路是以文溯閣為主體，前有戲臺(tái)、扮戲房、嘉蔭堂，后有仰熙齋、九間殿。文溯閣是六間二樓三層硬山式建筑，是專為存清代百科全書而建的。
沈陽(yáng)故宮博物院不僅是古代宮殿建筑群，還收藏了大量宮廷文物。
好了，先說(shuō)這些，請(qǐng)大家細(xì)細(xì)欣賞。
第五篇：沈陽(yáng)故宮導(dǎo)游詞英文版
各位游客大家好，
我們此次游覽的景點(diǎn)是世界文化遺產(chǎn)、國(guó)家 4A級(jí)景區(qū)、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位——沈陽(yáng)故宮。首先呢，我們一起來(lái)看一下沈陽(yáng)故宮的平面圖。
沈陽(yáng)故宮始建于公元1625年。先后經(jīng)過(guò)三次大規(guī)模建設(shè)，形成了東、中、西三路格局。東路建立于清太祖努爾哈赤時(shí)期，主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太極時(shí)期，主要的建筑是大清門、崇政殿、鳳凰樓、清寧宮;西路呢，建于清乾隆年間，主要建筑是戲臺(tái)、嘉蔭堂、文溯閣和仰熙齋，它因存放《四庫(kù)全書》而聞名。那么作為我國(guó)現(xiàn)存最完好的兩座古代帝王宮殿之一呢，沈陽(yáng)故宮與北京故宮遙相呼應(yīng)，卻又有著截然不同的建筑風(fēng)格?，F(xiàn)在呢我們就來(lái)領(lǐng)略一下昔日皇宮的風(fēng)采。
首先我們看到的是中路建筑的大清門，它俗稱午門，也就是沈陽(yáng)故宮的正門。是當(dāng)時(shí)文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太極接受群臣謝恩之處。那么這座門為什么叫做大清門呢?正統(tǒng)的說(shuō)法是清朝的國(guó)號(hào)為清，皇宮的正門就是國(guó)門，所以稱為大清門。還有一個(gè)傳說(shuō)，這座木門呢在建成之后呢并沒(méi)有名稱，只是叫做大門。后來(lái)，皇太極改國(guó)號(hào)為大清，聽說(shuō)北京明朝皇宮的宮門叫大明門，于是為了體現(xiàn)針鋒相對(duì)，就將此門命名為大清門。
我們穿過(guò)大清門，現(xiàn)在正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗稱金鑾殿。崇德元年定名為崇政殿。它是皇太極日常處理軍政要?jiǎng)?wù)、接見外國(guó)使臣和邊疆少數(shù)民族代表的地方。
我們可以看到崇政殿為五間九檁硬山式建筑，殿頂鋪黃琉璃瓦，鑲綠剪邊，那么請(qǐng)各位游客注意的是殿頂?shù)牧鹆撸腥ミ^(guò)北京故宮的朋友一定會(huì)清楚地記得北京故宮的琉璃瓦是黃色的，而沈陽(yáng)的琉璃瓦是黃色鑲綠剪邊。那么這是沈陽(yáng)故宮與北京故宮的重要差別之一。
我們走上月臺(tái)。那么在月臺(tái)兩側(cè)分別有用于計(jì)時(shí)的日晷，和用于存放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)量單位的嘉量亭。我們看到在月臺(tái)上呢還設(shè)有四口大缸，那么大家知道它們是做什么用的嗎?那我告訴大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代稱它是“門?！保腔蕦m中重要的防火設(shè)施，象征缸中水多似海，可以鎮(zhèn)火災(zāi)。
我們走上須彌座。抬頭看上方的牌匾是用滿文和漢文書寫的“崇政殿”。請(qǐng)游客看左邊的滿文，我們有個(gè)形象的比喻“中間一根棍，兩邊都是刺，加上圈和點(diǎn)，就是滿文字兒”。那么沈陽(yáng)故宮的牌匾都是滿文在左，漢文在右。而北京故宮的牌匾都是漢文在左，滿文在右。那么這是沈陽(yáng)故宮與北京故宮的差別之二。
我們抬頭看崇政殿內(nèi)上方懸掛的“正大光明”匾額，是由順治皇帝手諭的。下面呢是皇帝的寶座，據(jù)說(shuō)寶座上繪制雕刻有8條金龍，再加上坐在寶座上的真龍?zhí)熳?，正好是中?guó)古代最大的陽(yáng)數(shù)九條龍。現(xiàn)在崇政殿呢，我們就游覽到這里。
眼前的雄偉建筑呢，就是鳳凰樓。它建在3.8米高的青磚臺(tái)基上，為三層歇山式建筑。它原名翔鳳樓，是皇太極休息、宴會(huì)和讀書之所。我們看到正門上方懸掛的“紫氣東來(lái)”橫匾呢，是由乾隆皇帝手諭的。意思是大清朝國(guó)運(yùn)強(qiáng)盛的福氣是從東方的盛京傳來(lái)的。那么鳳凰樓不僅是當(dāng)時(shí)后宮的正門，又是當(dāng)時(shí)盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“鳳樓曉日”之稱，并被列為盛京八景之一。傳說(shuō)呀當(dāng)年站在鳳凰樓上就可以看到撫順城呢。
穿過(guò)鳳凰樓呢我們來(lái)到了一處院落，此處呢就是皇太極的后宮所在。我們正面的是皇太極的中宮“清寧宮”。它原名正宮，是沈陽(yáng)故宮中最具滿族住宅特色的建筑。我們可以看到它的門呢開在靠東的一側(cè)。形如口袋，所以稱為“口袋房”。東一間呢是皇太極和孝端文皇后博爾濟(jì)吉特氏的寢宮，又稱暖閣。寢宮分為南北兩室，各有火炕又稱龍床。1643年，皇太極就在這里‘端坐無(wú)疾而終’，終年52歲，后葬于昭陵。那么在東側(cè)第二間的窗下呢，設(shè)有兩口大鍋，它是用來(lái)干什么的呢?我來(lái)解釋一下，這兩口鍋是用來(lái)祭祀的。滿族人信奉薩滿教。人們將熱酒灌進(jìn)豬的耳朵，如果豬耳朵有晃動(dòng)即表示神靈已經(jīng)接收該祭品。如果不動(dòng)，則表示神靈不滿意，則本次祭祀活動(dòng)不能在進(jìn)行下去了。那么豬由于受到刺激就會(huì)搖頭，滿族人認(rèn)為此時(shí)的豬已經(jīng)通神，成為連接天地的媒介。于是呢就將豬宰殺后洗干凈，切成大塊，放入北側(cè)的兩口大鍋里清水煮熟，那煮熟的肉呢就餓放入木槽中供奉給神靈享用，然后再分給參加祭祀的人們，稱為“吃福肉”，滿族人相信吃了福肉，福氣就會(huì)降臨到每個(gè)人的身上。
那么我們現(xiàn)在來(lái)到西一側(cè)的房間，西側(cè)呢三間通連，北、西、南三面搭成相連的環(huán)炕，稱為“萬(wàn)字炕”，這里既是皇帝舉行內(nèi)宮便宴之處，也是滿族巫人薩滿為皇帝和國(guó)家祈神的地方。
清寧宮與漢族建筑不同的地方還在于它的煙囪建在屋后，而且是從地面向上壘起的。一會(huì)我們?cè)诶@道后面看這個(gè)煙囪。清寧宮的這種“口袋房，萬(wàn)字炕，煙囪建在地面上”的建筑特點(diǎn)具有滿族特有的民族風(fēng)格。
我們出了清寧宮呢，大家看到的這其他四座寢宮分別是：關(guān)雎宮、麟趾宮、衍慶宮、永福宮。我們下面逐一參觀。
關(guān)雎宮是皇太極一生中最寵愛(ài)的宸妃——海蘭珠的寢宮。海蘭珠是中宮皇后的親侄女，永福宮莊妃的親姐姐。海蘭珠嫁皇太極時(shí)已經(jīng)26歲，但皇太極卻對(duì)海蘭珠有著很深的感情。海蘭珠由于親生的八皇子早逝，終日郁郁寡歡，在崇德六年病逝。在他死后兩年，皇太極也去世了，據(jù)說(shuō)皇太極的早逝與兩年前宸妃的病逝有著密切的關(guān)系。
這是衍慶宮，是皇太極淑妃的寢宮，其女，被皇太極嫁給多爾袞為妻
這是麟趾宮，是皇太極貴妃娜木鐘的寢宮，其子博果爾曾在皇太極死后成為福臨皇位的最大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。后成為朝中重臣。
我們最后來(lái)看看皇太極后妃中地位最低的永福宮。永福宮是莊妃博爾濟(jì)吉特氏的宮室。若論及對(duì)清政權(quán)的影響，莊妃的作用遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了其她四位后妃，被后人評(píng)價(jià)為清朝歷史上最有作為的后妃。莊妃也是中宮皇后的親侄女，關(guān)雎宮海蘭珠的親妹妹。莊妃以其卓越的政治才能，輔佐了三位皇帝成就大清的基業(yè)?？滴醵?，莊妃病逝，享年75歲。成為清朝后宮中壽祿最長(zhǎng)的女人。
大家看，在庭院的西南角立著的紅色木桿稱為索倫桿，木桿頂端有錫斗。滿族人稱它為“神桿”。它是用來(lái)喂養(yǎng)烏鴉的。那么游客們是不是會(huì)疑問(wèn)，為什么滿族要祭祀烏鴉呢?其實(shí)這于一個(gè)關(guān)于烏鴉的傳說(shuō)有關(guān)。滿族的先祖有一次在被仇家追殺時(shí)，曾絕望的躺在地上，這時(shí)恰巧一群烏鴉落在他的身上。仇家經(jīng)過(guò)此地，認(rèn)為烏鴉是不會(huì)在有活人的地方停留的，就這樣滿族的祖先得救了。后來(lái)滿族人為報(bào)答烏鴉救祖先一命的恩德，開始供奉烏鴉，祭祀的時(shí)候把豬的內(nèi)臟放到錫斗里來(lái)供養(yǎng)烏鴉。
現(xiàn)在呢，我們看到的就是在清寧宮后的這根煙囪，也是當(dāng)年沈陽(yáng)城內(nèi)唯一的一根煙囪。寓意“一統(tǒng)江山”。大家數(shù)一下煙囪有多少層?……對(duì)一共有十一層，我告訴大家在十一層上面還有三塊磚。那么這怎么講哪?問(wèn)大家一個(gè)小問(wèn)題：清朝有多少位皇帝，又有多少位是壽終正寢的?……對(duì)清朝一共有12為皇帝。其中11位壽終正寢。末代皇帝溥儀只做了三年的皇帝。正好和這十一層零三塊磚“一統(tǒng)江山”吻合。
好了，朋友們沈陽(yáng)故宮我就為大家介紹到這里，希望我的講解能給大家留下深刻的印象。現(xiàn)在大家可以自由活動(dòng)30分鐘，30分鐘之后，我們?cè)谡T集合。
第六篇：英語(yǔ)沈陽(yáng)故宮導(dǎo)游詞
Hello, tourists,
The scenic spot we visited this time is the world cultural heritage, national 4A scenic spot, national key cultural relics protection unit Shenyang Palace Museum. First of all, let's take a look at the plan of Shenyang Palace Museum.
Shenyang Palace Museum was built in 1625 ad. After three large-scale construction, it has formed the pattern of East, middle and West roads. The East Road was built in the period of Nurhachi, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, and its main buildings are Dazheng hall and shiwangting; the middle road was built in the period of Huangtaiji, Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, and its main buildings are daqingmen, Chongzheng Hall, fenghuanglou and Qingning palace; the West Road was built in the period of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, and its main buildings are stage, Jiayin hall, wenzhuge and yangxizhai, which are famous for storing Sikuquanshu. As one of the two most intact ancient imperial palaces in China, Shenyang Palace Museum and Beijing Palace Museum echo each other, but they have totally different architectural styles. Now, let's have a taste of the style of the Imperial Palace in the past.
The first thing we see is the Daqing gate of the middle road building, commonly known as the Meridian Gate, which is also the main gate of Shenyang Palace Museum. It was the place where the civil and military officials were waiting for the court at that time, and it was also the place where Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty understood the gratitude of the officials. So why is this gate called daqingmen? The orthodox saying is that the name of the Qing Dynasty is Qing, and the main gate of the palace is Guomen, so it is called daqingmen. There is also a legend that this wooden door has no name after it was built, it is just called the gate. Later, Huang Taiji changed its name to Da Qing. It was said that the gate of Ming Palace in Beijing was called Da Ming gate, so in order to show tit for tat, it was named Da Qing gate.
We pass through the gate of the Qing Dynasty, and the front building is Chongzheng Hall. Chongzheng Hall, formerly known as "main hall", is commonly known as Jinluan hall. In the first year of Chongde, it was named Chongzheng Hall. It is a place where Huang Taiji deals with military and political affairs, receives foreign envoys and frontier minority representatives.
We can see that Chongzheng Hall is a five room nine purlin hard mountain building. The top of the hall is paved with yellow glazed tiles with green edges. Please pay attention to the glazed tiles on the top of the hall. Anyone who has been to the Forbidden City in Beijing must clearly remember that the glazed tiles in the Forbidden City in Beijing are yellow, while those in Shenyang are yellow with green edges. So this is one of the important differences between the Shenyang Palace Museum and the Beijing Palace Museum.
We went up to the platform. On both sides of the platform, there are sundials for timing and galleries for storing standard units of measurement. We can see that there are four big tanks on the platform. Do you know what they are used for? Let me tell you, it is called "auspicious tank". In ancient times, it was called "Menhai", which is an important fire prevention facility in the imperial palace. It symbolizes that the water in the tank is like the sea, and it can prevent fires.
We went to xumizuo. Looking up, the plaque above is "Chongzheng Hall" written in Manchu and Chinese. Please look at the Manchu on the left. We have a figurative metaphor: "a stick in the middle, with thorns on both sides, plus circles and dots, is the Manchu character.". So the plaques of Shenyang Palace Museum are in Manchu on the left and Chinese on the right. The plaques of the Forbidden City in Beijing are in Chinese on the left and Manchu on the right. So this is the second difference between Shenyang Palace Museum and Beijing Palace Museum.
We look up at the plaque of "justice" hanging above Chongzheng Hall, which was written by Emperor Shunzhi. Below is the throne of the emperor. It is said that there are eight golden dragons painted and carved on the throne. In addition, the real dragon emperor sitting on the throne happens to be the largest nine dragons in ancient China. At the moment, we will visit Chongzheng Hall.
The magnificent building in front of us is the Phoenix Tower. It was built in 3. On the 8-meter-high blue brick platform, there is a three story Xieshan style building. Its original name is xiangfenglou. It is a place for Huang Taiji to rest, have dinner and read books. We can see that the horizontal plaque of "ziqidonglai" hanging above the main gate was written by Emperor Qianlong. It means that the prosperity of the Qing Dynasty came from Shengjing in the East. The Phoenix Tower was not only the main entrance of the Imperial Palace at that time, but also the highest building in Shengjing city at that time. Therefore, it was known as "Fenglou xiaori" and was listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Shengjing city. It's said that you could see Fushun City from the Phoenix Tower.
Through the Phoenix Tower, we came to a courtyard, where is the palace of Huangtaiji. In front of us is the central palace of Huangtaiji, the "Qingning Palace". Its original name is Zhenggong, which is the most Manchu residential building in Shenyang Palace Museum. We can see that its door is on the east side. It is shaped like a pocket, so it is called "pocket room". Dongyi, also known as warm Pavilion, is the bedroom of Huangtaiji and boljijit, empress xiaoduanwen. The palace is divided into North and South rooms, each with a heated kang, also known as a dragon bed. In 1643, Huang Taiji sat there and died of no illness. He was 52 years old and was later buried in Zhaoling. Then, under the window of the second room on the east side, there are two big pots. What are they used for? Let me explain. These two pots are used for sacrifice. Manchu people believe in Shamanism. People pour hot wine into the pig's ears. If the pig's ears shake, it means that the God has accepted the sacrifice. If it doesn't move, it means that the gods are not satisfied, and the sacrificial activities can't go on. Then the pig will shake his head because of being stimulated. Manchu people think that at this time, the pig has become a medium connecting heaven and earth. Then, the pigs were washed and cut into large pieces. They were put into two large pots on the north side and cooked with clean water. The cooked meat was put into the wooden trough and offered to the gods. Then it was distributed to the people who participated in the sacrifice, which was called "eating blessing meat". Manchu believed that after eating blessing meat, blessing would come to everyone.
Now, we come to the room on the west side. The three rooms on the west side are connected, and the ring Kang is built on the north, West and south sides, which is called "Wanzi Kang". It is not only the place where the emperor held a casual banquet in the inner palace, but also the place where the Manchu shaman prayed for the emperor and the country.
The difference between Qingning palace and Han architecture lies in that its chimney is built behind the house, and it is built up from the ground. Later, we'll look at the chimney behind the detour. The architectural features of "pocket room, ten thousand character Kang and chimney built on the ground" in Qingning palace have the unique national style of Manchu.
When we get out of Qingning palace, the other four palaces you see are Guanju palace, Linzhi palace, Yanqing palace and Yongfu palace. Let's visit them one by one.
Guanju palace is the bedroom of Hai Lanzhu, the most beloved imperial concubine in Huang Taiji's life. Hai Lanzhu is the niece of the empress of Zhonggong and the sister of Princess Zhuang of Yongfu palace. Hai Lanzhu was 26 years old when she married Huang Taiji, but Huang Taiji had deep feelings for her. Hai Lanzhu died of illness in the sixth year of Chongde because of the early death of his eighth prince. Two years after his death, Huang Taiji also died. It is said that Huang Taiji's early death is closely related to the death of Chen Fei two years ago.
This is Yanqing palace, the bedroom of imperial concubine Taiji. Her daughter is married to Dorgon by imperial concubine Taiji
This is Linzhi palace. It is the bedroom of namuzhong, the imperial concubine of Taiji, whose son Bogor once became the biggest competitor for the throne of Fulin after the death of Taiji. Later, he became an important official in the court.
Let's take a look at Yongfu palace, which is the lowest position among the imperial concubines. Yongfu palace is the palace of Zhuang's concubine boljigit. When it comes to the influence on the Qing regime, Princess Zhuang's role far exceeds that of her four empresses, and she is regarded as the most promising empress in the history of the Qing Dynasty. Concubine Zhuang is also the niece of the empress of Zhonggong and the sister of hailanzhu in Guanju palace. With her outstanding political ability, Princess Zhuang assisted the three emperors to achieve the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. In the 26th year of Kangxi reign, Princess Zhuang died of illness at the age of 75. She became the woman with the longest longevity in the palace of the Qing Dynasty.
You see, the red wooden pole standing in the southwest corner of the courtyard is called the Solon pole, and the top of the wooden pole has a tin bucket. Manchu call it "Shengan". It's used to feed crows. So tourists will wonder why Manchu people sacrifice crows? In fact, this is related to a legend about crows. The ancestor of Manchu once lay on the ground in despair when he was chased by his enemies. At this time, a group of crows happened to fall on him. The enemy passed by and thought that the crow would not stay where there were living people, so the ancestors of Manchu were saved. Later, the Manchu people began to offer sacrifices to the crows in order to repay the crows for saving their ancestors' lives. When offering sacrifices, they put the pig's viscera into the tin bucket to support the crows.
At the moment, what we see is the chimney behind the Qingning palace, which was the only chimney in Shenyang at that time. It means "unifying the country". How many floors is the chimney Yes, there are eleven floors. I tell you that there are three bricks above the eleven floors. So how to say that? Let me ask you a little question: how many emperors of the Qing Dynasty and how many of them died For the Qing Dynasty, there were 12 emperors. Eleven of them died. Puyi, the last emperor, was Emperor for only three years. It coincides with the "unification of rivers and mountains" of these 11 floors and 03 bricks.
Well, my friends, I'll introduce Shenyang Palace Museum to you. I hope my explanation will leave a deep impression on you. Now you can move freely for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, we will meet at the main gate.
